Maven常用插件整理
maven内置变量
${basedir}表示项目根目录,即包含pom.xml文件的目录;
${version}表示项目版本;
${project.basedir}同${basedir};
${project.baseUri}表示项目文件地址;
${maven.build.timestamp}表示项目构件开始时间;
${maven.build.timestamp.format}表示属性${maven.build.timestamp}的展示格式,默认值为yyyyMMdd-HHmm,可自定义其格式,其类型可参考java.text.SimpleDateFormat。
${project.build.directory}表示主源码路径;
${project.build.sourceEncoding}表示主源码的编码格式;
${project.build.sourceDirectory}表示主源码路径;
${project.build.finalName}表示输出文件名称;
${project.version}表示项目版本,与${version}相同;
- ${project.xxx} 当前pom文件的任意节点的内容
- ${env.xxx} 获取系统环境变量。
- ${settings.xxx} 指代了settings.xml中对应元素的值。
1.maven-compiler-plugin
设置maven编译的jdk版本，maven3默认用jdk1.5，maven2默认用jdk1.3
<plugin> <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId> <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId> <version>3.1</version> <configuration> <source>1.8</source> <!-- 源代码使用的JDK版本 --> <target>1.8</target> <!-- 需要生成的目标class文件的编译版本 --> <encoding>UTF-8</encoding><!-- 字符集编码 --> <skipTests>true</skipTests><!-- 跳过测试 --> </configuration> </plugin>
2.maven-jar-plugin
<!-- 打包jar文件时，配置manifest文件，加入lib包的jar依赖 --> <plugin> <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId> <artifactId>maven-jar-plugin</artifactId> <configuration> <classesDirectory>target/classes/</classesDirectory> <archive> <manifest> <mainClass>com.alibaba.dubbo.container.Main</mainClass> <!-- 打包时 MANIFEST.MF文件不记录的时间戳版本 --> <!--自动加载META-INF/spring目录下的所有Spring配置--> <useUniqueVersions>false</useUniqueVersions> <addClasspath>true</addClasspath> <classpathPrefix>lib/</classpathPrefix> </manifest> <manifestEntries> <Class-Path>.</Class-Path> </manifestEntries> </archive> </configuration> </plugin>
3.maven-source-plugin
打包源码
注意：在多项目构建中，将source-plugin置于顶层或parent的pom中并不会发挥作用，必须置于具体项目的pom中。
<plugin> <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId> <artifactId>maven-source-plugin</artifactId> <executions> <execution> <id>attach-sources</id> <goals> <goal>jar</goal> </goals> </execution> </executions> </plugin>
4.maven-resource-plugin
说明：该插件处理项目的资源文件拷贝到输出目录。可以分别处理main resources 和 test resources。
<plugin> <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId> <artifactId>maven-resources-plugin</artifactId> <version>3.0.1</version> <configuration> <encoding>UTF-8</encoding> </configuration> </plugin>
5.maven-dependency-plugin
自动拷贝jar包到target目录
<!-- 依赖插件 --> <plugin> <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId> <artifactId>maven-dependency-plugin</artifactId> <version>2.6</version> <executions> <execution> <id>copy-dependencies</id> <phase>compile</phase> <goals> <goal>copy-dependencies</goal> </goals> <configuration> <!-- ${project.build.directory}为Maven内置变量，缺省为target --> <outputDirectory>${project.build.directory}/lib</outputDirectory> <!-- 表示是否不包含间接依赖的包 --> <excludeTransitive>false</excludeTransitive> <!-- 表示复制的jar文件去掉版本信息 --> <stripVersion>true</stripVersion> </configuration> </execution> </executions> </plugin>
6.maven-assembly-plugin
该插件允许用户整合项目的输出,包括依赖,模块,网站文档和其他文档到一个单独的文档，即可用定制化打包。
创建的文档格式包括:zip, tar, tar.gz(tgz), gar.bz2(tbgz2), jar, dir,war 等等。四种预定义的描述器可用：bin, jar-with-dependencies, src, project.
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-assembly-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.0.0</version>
<configuration>
<descriptorRefs>
<descriptorRef>jar-with-dependencies</descriptorRef>
</descriptorRefs>
</configuration>
<executions>
<execution>
<id>make-assembly</id> <!-- this is used for inheritance merges -->
<phase>package</phase> <!-- bind to the packaging phase -->
<goals>
<goal>single</goal>
</goals>
</execution>
</executions>
</plugin>
<assembly xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/ASSEMBLY/2.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/ASSEMBLY/2.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/assembly-2.0.0.xsd"> <id>bin</id> <formats> <format>tar.gz</format> <format>tar.bz2</format> <format>zip</format> </formats> <fileSets> <fileSet> <directory>${project.basedir}</directory> <outputDirectory>/</outputDirectory> <includes> <include>README*</include> <include>LICENSE*</include> <include>NOTICE*</include> </includes> </fileSet> <fileSet> <directory>${project.build.directory}</directory> <outputDirectory>/</outputDirectory> <includes> <include>*.jar</include> </includes> </fileSet> <fileSet> <directory>${project.build.directory}/site</directory> <outputDirectory>docs</outputDirectory> </fileSet> </fileSets> </assembly>
<assembly xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/ASSEMBLY/2.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/ASSEMBLY/2.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/assembly-2.0.0.xsd"> <!-- TODO: a jarjar format would be better --> <id>jar-with-dependencies</id> <formats> <format>jar</format> </formats> <includeBaseDirectory>false</includeBaseDirectory> <dependencySets> <dependencySet> <outputDirectory>/</outputDirectory> <useProjectArtifact>true</useProjectArtifact> <unpack>true</unpack> <scope>runtime</scope> </dependencySet> </dependencySets> </assembly>
<assembly xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/ASSEMBLY/2.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/ASSEMBLY/2.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/assembly-2.0.0.xsd"> <id>src</id> <formats> <format>tar.gz</format> <format>tar.bz2</format> <format>zip</format> </formats> <fileSets> <fileSet> <directory>${project.basedir}</directory> <includes> <include>README*</include> <include>LICENSE*</include> <include>NOTICE*</include> <include>pom.xml</include> </includes> <useDefaultExcludes>true</useDefaultExcludes> </fileSet> <fileSet> <directory>${project.basedir}/src</directory> <useDefaultExcludes>true</useDefaultExcludes> </fileSet> </fileSets> </assembly>
