mysql存储过程的使用
直入正题吧:首先创建一张 students 表
create table students( id int primary key auto_increment, age int, name varchar(20), city varchar(20) ) character set utf8; insert into students values(null, 22, '赵四', '杭州'); insert into students values(null, 16, '刘能', '上海'); insert into students values(null, 20, '谢广坤', '深圳'); insert into students values(null, 21, '刘美兰', '北京'); insert into students values(null, 20, '宋晓峰', '湖北'); insert into students values(null, 21, '谢大脚', '江苏'); insert into students values(null, 20, '苏玉红', '天津'); insert into students values(null, 21, '陈艳兰', '云南');
不带参数的存储过程
delimiter ;; -- 替换分隔符 create procedure select_students_count() begin select count(id) from students; end ;; delimiter ;
调用存储过程: call select_students_count();
带参数的存储过程
-- 根据城市查询总数 delimiter ;; create procedure select_students_by_city_count(in _city varchar(25))-- in (表示参数传递给存储过程) begin select count(id) from students where city = _city; end;; delimiter ;
执行存储过程
call select_students_by_city_count('北京');
啊。这里咋不对呢?数据是存在的,为何返回0?说道这里,mysql存储过程在传递中文的时候注意字符集问题。处理的方式有两种,我们先做个简单的测试:
delimiter ;; create procedure sp_test(in _city varchar(25))-- in (表示参数传递给存储过程) begin select _city; end;; delimiter ;
发现传递在的中文变成乱码了...只要正确设置编码即可,这里有2种方式解决,
解决方式一:
我们修改下上面的储存过程sp_test:
delimiter ;; create procedure sp_test(in _city varchar(25) CHARACTER SET utf8)-- in (表示参数传递给存储过程) begin select _city; end;; delimiter ;
解决方式二:
delimiter ;; create procedure sp_test(in _city nvarchar(25))-- in (表示参数传递给存储过程,注意这里是nvarchar) begin select _city; end;; delimiter ;
总结:在创建存储过程的时候,设计中文的参数的数据类型需为Nvarchar,网上据说传递参数的时候也需要多加一个N(这里我没加貌似也正常输出)。
继续回到上面根据城市查询总数select_students_by_city_count,修改如下:
-- 根据城市查询总数 delimiter ;; create procedure select_students_by_city_count(in _city nvarchar(25)) begin select count(id) from students where city = _city; end;; delimiter ;
带有输出参数的存储过程
MySQL 支持 in (传递给存储过程),out (从存储过程传出) 和 inout (对存储过程传入和传出) 类型的参数。存储过程的代码位于 begin 和 end 语句内,它们是一系列 select 语句,用来检索值,然后保存到相应的变量 (通过 into 关键字)
-- 根据姓名查询学生信息,返回学生的城市 delimiter ;; create procedure select_students_by_name( in _name nvarchar(255), out _city nvarchar(255), -- 输出参数 inout _age int(11) ) begin select city from students where name = _name and age = _age into _city; end ;; delimiter ;
执行存储过程:
set @_age = 20; set @_name = '谢广坤'; call select_students_by_name(@_name, @_city, @_age); select @_name as name,@_city as city, @_age as age;
带有通配符的存储过程
delimiter ;; create procedure select_students_by_likename( in _likename nvarchar(255) ) begin select * from students where name like _likename; end ;; delimiter ;
执行存储过程:
call select_students_by_likename('%刘%');
使用存储过程进行增加、修改、删除
增加:
delimiter ;; create procedure insert_student( _id int, _name nvarchar(255), _age int, _city nvarchar(255) ) begin insert into students(id,name,age,city) values(_id,_name,_age,_city); end ;; delimiter ;
执行存储过程:
call insert_student(9, '瓶底子', 19, '东北');
执行完后,表中多了一条数据,如上图。
修改:
delimiter ;; create procedure update_student( _id int, _name nvarchar(25), _age int, _city nvarchar(25) ) begin update students set name = _name, age = _age, city = _city where id = _id; end ;; delimiter ;
执行存储过程:
call update_student(9, '李大个', 22, '杭州');
删除:
delimiter ;; create procedure delete_student_by_id( _id int ) begin delete from students where id=_id; end ;; delimiter ;
执行存储过程:
call delete_student_by_id(9);
查询所有的存储过程:
select name from mysql.proc where db='test';
查询某个存储过程:
show create procedure 存储过程名;