关于nginx做负载均衡的配置以及各个配置的含义(简)
最近在公司做了一个项目,整体是分为service层和web层两个项目,中间通过springmvc的http接口调用.主要的业务逻辑都是在service层中去处理.而web层负责后台数据的管理,主要是提供给后台管理员使用.
项目的架构是两台阿里云的linux服务器,硬件配置为250G硬盘,8G内存,4核cpu;每台机器上部署一个service服务和一个web服务,一个nginx负载均衡服务.
web服务来说,对外暴露的是LBS的外网地址,web调用service是调用nginx地址,nginx为service做的负载均衡.会将请求负载到两台linux服务上去处理,web请求的是本台服务器上的nginx地址.
service服务,对外提供的接口服务都是http接口.用LBS对两台服务器上的nginx服务都做了重新负载分配.这样做的原因是阿里云做的LBS不能在内网之间调用的限制.service对外暴露的是LBS的内网地址,这样是考虑到service服务的安全性,主要是提供给公司内部的业务系统使用的.
在web调用service的nginx负载服务时,就要对nginx进行配置.下面附上配置图解:
- #user nobody;
- worker_processes 1;
- #error_log logs/error.log;
- #error_log logs/error.log notice;
- #error_log logs/error.log info;
- #pid logs/nginx.pid;
- events {
- worker_connections 1024;
- }
- #标识http协议的一些日志格式和数据类型
- http {
- include mime.types;
- default_type application/octet-stream;
- log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
- '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
- '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';
- #access_log logs/access.log main;
- sendfile on;
- #tcp_nopush on;
- #keepalive_timeout 0;
- keepalive_timeout 65;
- #gzip on;
- #服务器的集群 (就是负载的配置信息,请求来了之后需要nginx分发请求到哪些机器上)
- upstream test-service { #服务器集群名字,此处叫做 test-service
- server 192.168.13.227:9080;#服务器配置 weight是权重的意思,权重越大,分配的概率越大。
- server 192.168.13.80:8080;
- }
- #nginx服务器的监听ip和端口,使用的编码格式
- server {
- listen 80;
- server_name 192.168.13.80;
- charset utf-8;
- #charset koi8-r;
- #access_log logs/host.access.log main;
- #nginx的常用配置
- location / { #location代表拦截的请求路径/标识全部拦截
- proxy_pass http://test-service; #固定格式标识负载到哪个upstream上,这里选择之前配置的test-service上.即http://test-service=http://+test-service (基本配置这一项目就可以实现负载均衡,以下配置按需配置)
- proxy_redirect off;
- proxy_set_header Host $host;
- proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
- proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
- client_max_body_size 10m;
- client_body_buffer_size 128k;
- proxy_connect_timeout 3;
- proxy_send_timeout 30;
- proxy_read_timeout 30;
- proxy_buffer_size 128k;
- proxy_buffers 4 256k;
- proxy_busy_buffers_size 256k;
- proxy_temp_file_write_size 256k;
- #root html;
- #index index.html index.htm;
- }
- #error_page 404 /404.html;
- # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
- #错误页面的跳转到哪些html上在nginx目录当中都是有的
- error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
- location = /50x.html {
- root html;
- }
- # proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80
- #
- #location ~ \.php$ {
- # proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1;
- #}
- # pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000
- #
- #location ~ \.php$ {
- # root html;
- # fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
- # fastcgi_index index.php;
- # fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;
- # include fastcgi_params;
- #}
- # deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root
- # concurs with nginx's one
- #
- #location ~ /\.ht {
- # deny all;
- #}
- }
- # another virtual host using mix of IP-, name-, and port-based configuration
- #
- #server {
- # listen 8000;
- # listen somename:8080;
- # server_name somename alias another.alias;
- # location / {
- # root html;
- # index index.html index.htm;
- # }
- #}
- # HTTPS server
- #
- #server {
- # listen 443 ssl;
- # server_name localhost;
- # ssl_certificate cert.pem;
- # ssl_certificate_key cert.key;
- # ssl_session_cache shared:SSL:1m;
- # ssl_session_timeout 5m;
- # ssl_ciphers HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5;
- # ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on;
- # location / {
- # root html;
- # index index.html index.htm;
- # }
- #}
- }