python ssh远程执行shell命令Python实现SSH远程登陆,并执行命令的方法

一，推荐paramiko，可实现命令交互，在登录无密码设备时需要加上异常处理，如下：

paramiko可能出现连接失败，大概率是因为本地和设备的加密算法不一致导致

import paramiko

class mySSH:
    def __init__(self, host='', username='liauto', port=22, password=''):
        self.ip = host
        self.port = port
        self.username = username
        self.password = password
        self.connection = None

    def connect(self):
        self.connection = paramiko.SSHClient()
        self.connection.set_missing_host_key_policy(paramiko.AutoAddPolicy())
        try:
            if self.password != '':
                self.connection.connect(self.ip, self.port, self.username, (str(self.password)), timeout=5.0)
            else:
                try:
                    self.connection.connect(self.ip, self.port, self.username, look_for_keys=False,
                                            allow_agent=False, timeout=5.0)
                except paramiko.ssh_exception.SSHException:
                    self.connection.get_transport().auth_none(self.username)
                    self.connection.exec_command('uname -a')
                self.connection.sftp = paramiko.SFTPClient.from_transport(self.connection.get_transport())
        except Exception as e:
            try:
                print(str(e.args))
                self.connection = None
            finally:
                e = None
                del e


if __name__ == '__main__':
    test = mySSH()
    test.connect()
    # 执行命令并获取命令结果
    stdin, stdout, stderr = test.connection.exec_command('uname -a')
    # stdin为输入的命令
    # stdout为命令返回的结果
    # stderr为命令错误时返回的结果
    print(stdout.read())

paramiko示例使用:

PYTHON PARAMIKO 

Python paramiko.ECDSAKey方法代码示例

python自动化第三方库之paramiko库：连接远程服务器并通过ssh协议远程执行命令 

二、推荐subprocess.Popen
可以将远程命令结果返回，可以做命令超时处理，再执行一些返回时间较长的命令时，可以选择

proc1 = subprocess.Popen(f'ssh -o "StrictHostKeyChecking no" liauto@{soc_ip} "{update_mcu}"', shell=True,
                         stderr=subprocess.PIPE, stdin=subprocess.PIPE, stdout=subprocess.PIPE)
try:
    outs, errs = proc1.communicate(timeout=10 * 60, input=None)
except subprocess.TimeoutExpired:
    self.logger.info('【{}】解压并升级MCU时超时，用时10min，任务终止'.format(self.orin_type))
    self.logger.error('【{}】errs:{}'.format(self.orin_type, errs.decode('UTF-8')))
    proc1.kill()

三、os.popen 对于一些很快执行结束的命令是不错的选择

cmd = "ls -al /"
r = os.popen(f'ssh -o "StrictHostKeyChecking no" liauto@{host} "{cmd}"')
data = r.readlines()
print(data)

四、os.system执行完命令不返回结果，不推荐使用

cmd = "ls -al /"
os.system(f'ssh -o "StrictHostKeyChecking no" liauto@{host} "{cmd}"')