进程命令不完整-我们可以使用这个命令进行补全
用ps -ef 命令并不能完整显示进程命令
ps 参数项 -e 显示所有进程。 -f 全格式。 -h 不显示标题。 -l 长格式。 -w 宽输出。 -a 显示终端上的所有进程，包括其他用户的进程。 -r 只显示正在运行的进程。 -u 以用户为主的格式来显示程序状况。 -x 显示所有程序，不以终端机来区分。
有时候我们经常需要查看某些进程，但是进程启动命令显示不完整情况，我们就可以使用ps -efww命令
例如： [root@fpNet-VMDB-19 config]# ps -efww
[root@ht24 ~]# ps -efww | more UID PID PPID C STIME TTY TIME CMD root 1 0 0 Feb22 ? 00:00:59 /usr/lib/systemd/systemd --switched-root --system --deserialize 22 root 2 0 0 Feb22 ? 00:00:00 [kthreadd] root 4 2 0 Feb22 ? 00:00:00 [kworker/0:0H] root 6 2 0 Feb22 ? 00:00:19 [ksoftirqd/0] root 7 2 0 Feb22 ? 00:00:00 [migration/0] root 8 2 0 Feb22 ? 00:00:00 [rcu_bh] root 9 2 0 Feb22 ? 00:04:23 [rcu_sched] root 10 2 0 Feb22 ? 00:00:00 [lru-add-drain] root 11 2 0 Feb22 ? 00:00:00 [watchdog/0] root 12 2 0 Feb22 ? 00:00:00 [watchdog/1] root 13 2 0 Feb22 ? 00:00:02 [migration/1] .... 解释： UID ：程序被该 UID 所拥有 PID ：就是这个程序的 ID PPID ：则是其上级父程序的ID C ：CPU使用的资源百分比 STIME ：系统启动时间 TTY ：登入者的终端机位置 TIME ：使用掉的CPU时间。 CMD ：完整启动命令
顺便写一些进程相关的命令
查看进程id
[root@fpvm-DBServer61 storage]# ps -ef | grep docker root 59460 1 0 00:40 ? 00:03:14 /usr/bin/dockerd --data-root /mnt/docker/storage root 59472 59460 0 00:40 ? 00:02:24 docker-containerd --config /var/run/docker/containerd/containerd.toml root 60756 59363 0 22:24 pts/1 00:00:00 grep --color=auto docker
[root@fpvm-DBServer61 storage]# pgrep docker 59460 59472
#使用-l选项可以列出PID和进程名称
[root@fpvm-DBServer61 storage]# pgrep docker -l 59460 dockerd 59472 docker-containe
[root@fp-web-118 containerd]# pgrep -lo mysql
75958 mysqld_safe
pgrep显示给定用户正在运行的进程
[root@fpvm-DBServer61 storage]# pgrep -u root -l | head -10 1 systemd 2 kthreadd 3 ksoftirqd/0 5 kworker/0:0H 7 migration/0 8 rcu_bh 9 rcuob/0 10 rcuob/1 11 rcuob/2 12 rcuob/3
[root@fp-web-118 containerd]# pgrep -u mysql -l | head -10
76174 mysqld
87124 mysqld
启动的进程数量
[root@fp-web-118 containerd]# pgrep -u mysql -l -c 2 [root@fp-web-118 containerd]# pgrep -c mysql 3
进程树、父子相互关系
[root@fp-web-118 containerd]# pstree systemd─┬─ManagementAgent───6*[{ManagementAgent}] ├─NetworkManager─┬─2*[dhclient] │ └─2*[{NetworkManager}] ├─VGAuthService ├─abrt-watch-log ├─abrtd ├─agetty ├─anacron───run-parts─┬─awk │ └─mlocate───updatedb ├─atd ├─auditd───{auditd} ├─crond ├─dbus-daemon ├─gssproxy───5*[{gssproxy}] ├─irqbalance ├─lsmd ├─lvmetad ├─mysqld_safe───mysqld───21*[{mysqld}] ├─ntpd ├─polkitd───5*[{polkitd}] ├─rngd ├─rsyslogd───2*[{rsyslogd}] ├─sh───mysqld───21*[{mysqld}] ├─smartd ├─sshd─┬─sshd───bash───pstree │ └─sshd───bash ├─systemd-journal ├─systemd-logind ├─systemd-udevd ├─tuned───4*[{tuned}] ├─vmtoolsd───{vmtoolsd} ├─wpa_supplicant └─zabbix_agentd───5*[zabbix_agentd]
列出前10个
[root@fp-web-118 containerd]# ps aux | head -10 USER PID %CPU %MEM VSZ RSS TTY STAT START TIME COMMAND root 1 0.0 0.0 191136 3408 ? Ss 2021 18:12 /usr/lib/systemd/systemd --switched-root --system --deserialize 21 root 2 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 2021 0:18 [kthreadd] root 3 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 2021 0:49 [ksoftirqd/0] root 7 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 2021 1:53 [migration/0] root 8 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 2021 0:00 [rcu_bh] root 9 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 2021 0:00 [rcuob/0] root 10 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 2021 0:00 [rcuob/1] root 11 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 2021 0:00 [rcuob/2] root 12 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 2021 0:00 [rcuob/3]
###列出所有的网络链接
[root@fp-web-118 containerd]# lsof -i COMMAND PID USER FD TYPE DEVICE SIZE/OFF NODE NAME dhclient 1072 root 6u IPv4 27559 0t0 UDP *:bootpc dhclient 1072 root 20u IPv4 27998 0t0 UDP *:51826 dhclient 1072 root 21u IPv6 27999 0t0 UDP *:7344 dhclient 1077 root 6u IPv4 24144 0t0 UDP *:bootpc dhclient 1077 root 20u IPv4 24125 0t0 UDP *:15599 dhclient 1077 root 21u IPv6 24126 0t0 UDP *:51826 sshd 1464 root 3u IPv4 13109 0t0 TCP *:ssh (LISTEN) sshd 1464 root 4u IPv6 13111 0t0 TCP *:ssh (LISTEN) ntpd 1497 ntp 16u IPv4 31781 0t0 UDP *:ntp ntpd 1497 ntp 17u IPv6 31782 0t0 UDP *:ntp ntpd 1497 ntp 18u IPv4 31787 0t0 UDP localhost:ntp ntpd 1497 ntp 19u IPv4 31788 0t0 UDP fp-web-118:ntp ntpd 1497 ntp 20u IPv4 31789 0t0 UDP fp-web-118:ntp ntpd 1497 ntp 22u IPv4 30254 0t0 UDP fp-web-118:ntp ntpd 1497 ntp 23u IPv4 61462 0t0 UDP fp-web-118:ntp zabbix_ag 1503 zabbix 4u IPv4 11934 0t0 TCP *:zabbix-agent (LISTEN) zabbix_ag 1503 zabbix 5u IPv6 11935 0t0 TCP *:zabbix-agent (LISTEN) zabbix_ag 1524 zabbix 4u IPv4 11934 0t0 TCP *:zabbix-agent (LISTEN) zabbix_ag 1524 zabbix 5u IPv6 11935 0t0 TCP *:zabbix-agent (LISTEN) zabbix_ag 1525 zabbix 4u IPv4 11934 0t0 TCP *:zabbix-agent (LISTEN) zabbix_ag 1525 zabbix 5u IPv6 11935 0t0 TCP *:zabbix-agent (LISTEN) zabbix_ag 1526 zabbix 4u IPv4 11934 0t0 TCP *:zabbix-agent (LISTEN) zabbix_ag 1526 zabbix 5u IPv6 11935 0t0 TCP *:zabbix-agent (LISTEN) zabbix_ag 1527 zabbix 4u IPv4 11934 0t0 TCP *:zabbix-agent (LISTEN) zabbix_ag 1527 zabbix 5u IPv6 11935 0t0 TCP *:zabbix-agent (LISTEN) zabbix_ag 1528 zabbix 4u IPv4 11934 0t0 TCP *:zabbix-agent (LISTEN) zabbix_ag 1528 zabbix 5u IPv6 11935 0t0 TCP *:zabbix-agent (LISTEN) sshd 15178 root 3u IPv4 302238034 0t0 TCP fp-web-118:ssh->10.129.52.254:24631 (ESTABLISHED) sshd 17560 root 3u IPv4 302279346 0t0 TCP fp-web-118:ssh->10.129.52.254:24778 (ESTABLISHED) mysqld 76174 mysql 10u IPv6 298995935 0t0 TCP *:mysql (LISTEN) mysqld 87124 mysql 10u IPv6 299084205 0t0 TCP *:opsession-prxy (LISTEN) [root@fp-web-118 containerd]# pgrep mysql 75958 76174 87124
##列出谁在使用某个端口
[root@fp-web-118 containerd]# lsof -i :3306 COMMAND PID USER FD TYPE DEVICE SIZE/OFF NODE NAME mysqld 76174 mysql 10u IPv6 298995935 0t0 TCP *:mysql (LISTEN)
##根据文件描述范围列出文件信息
[root@fpvm-DBServer61 storage]# lsof -d 2-3 COMMAND PID USER FD TYPE DEVICE SIZE/OFF NODE NAME systemd 1 root 2u CHR 1,3 0t0 1028 /dev/null systemd 1 root 3u a_inode 0,9 0 7845 [timerfd] systemd-j 776 root 2w CHR 1,3 0t0 1028 /dev/null systemd-j 776 root 3u unix 0xffff8804230f8f00 0t0 13338 /run/systemd/journal/stdout lvmetad 786 root 2u unix 0xffff88042693d640 0t0 19607 socket lvmetad 786 root 3u unix 0xffff88042315a940 0t0 18471 /run/lvm/lvmetad.socket systemd-u 800 root 2u unix 0xffff88042693cb00 0t0 19782 socket systemd-u 800 root 3u unix 0xffff88042315a580 0t0 10916 /run/udev/control auditd 954 root 2u CHR 1,3 0t0 1028 /dev/null auditd 954 root 3u netlink 0t0 22813 AUDIT smartd 978 root 2u CHR 1,3 0t0 1028 /dev/null rsyslogd 980 root 2w CHR 1,3 0t0 1028 /dev/null rsyslogd 980 root 3w REG 253,0 134444 1542 /var/log/cron irqbalanc 982 root 2u unix 0xffff8804230fe540 0t0 23749 socket irqbalanc 982 root 3r REG 0,3 0 4026532021 /proc/cmdline NetworkMa 983 root 2u unix 0xffff8804230fecc0 0t0 23793 socket NetworkMa 983 root 3u a_inode 0,9 0 7845 [eventfd] dbus-daem 984 dbus 2u unix 0xffff8804230ff440 0t0 23837 socket dbus-daem 984 dbus 3u unix 0xffff8800368e7440 0t0 12043 /var/run/dbus/system_bus_socket ntpd 988 ntp 2u CHR 1,3 0t0 1028 /dev/null ntpd 988 ntp 3u unix 0xffff88042315cb00 0t0 18848 socket lsmd 1026 libstoragemgmt 2u unix 0xffff8804236f0000 0t0 23164 socket abrtd 1027 root 2u CHR 1,3 0t0 1028 /dev/null abrtd 1027 root 3r FIFO 0,8 0t0 22308 pipe abrt-watc 1028 root 2u unix 0xffff8804236f2d00 0t0 23254 socket abrt-watc 1028 root 3r a_inode 0,9 0 7845 inotify rngd 1031 root 2u unix 0xffff8800368e7800 0t0 12187 socket rngd 1031 root 3u CHR 1,8 0t0 1032 /dev/random systemd-l 1036 root 2u unix 0xffff8804236f3fc0 0t0 23343 socket systemd-l 1036 root 3u unix 0xffff8804237b2940 0t0 22100 socket atd 1045 root 2u CHR 1,3 0t0 1028 /dev/null atd 1045 root 3uW REG 0,19 5 18859 /run/atd.pid crond 1046 root 2u unix 0xffff8804236f5640 0t0 23496 socket crond 1046 root 3uW REG 0,19 5 22143 /run/crond.pid agetty 1054 root 2u CHR 4,1 0t0 1043 /dev/tty1 wpa_suppl 1057 root 2u unix 0xffff8804236f7440 0t0 26728 socket wpa_suppl 1057 root 3w REG 253,0 400 1539 /var/log/wpa_supplicant.log polkitd 1058 polkitd 2u CHR 1,3 0t0 1028 /dev/null polkitd 1058 polkitd 3r a_inode 0,9 0 7845 inotify dhclient 1059 root 2w CHR 1,3 0t0 1028 /dev/null dhclient 1059 root 3u unix 0xffff880423135640 0t0 26549 socket vmtoolsd 1166 root 2w CHR 1,3 0t0 1028 /dev/null vmtoolsd 1166 root 3w REG 253,0 13202 46248 /var/log/vmware-vmsvc.log VGAuthSer 1206 root 2w REG 253,0 10795 46249 /var/log/vmware-vgauthsvc.log.0 VGAuthSer 1206 root 3w REG 253,0 10795 46249 /var/log/vmware-vgauthsvc.log.0 Managemen 1254 root 2w REG 253,0 0 403614323 /var/log/vmware-caf/pme/ma-log4cpp.log Managemen 1254 root 3w REG 253,0 119285 403614324 /var/log/vmware-caf/pme/ma-log4cpp_rolling.log tuned 1442 root 2u unix 0xffff8804237b3840 0t0 22437 socket tuned 1442 root 3w REG 253,0 95632 183256530 /var/log/tuned/tuned.log sshd 1451 root 2u unix 0xffff8804236f1e00 0t0 27204 socket sshd 1451 root 3u IPv4 27848 0t0 TCP *:ssh (LISTEN) sshd 58943 root 2u CHR 1,3 0t0 1028 /dev/null sshd 58943 root 3u IPv4 41564986 0t0 TCP fpvm-DBServer61.cs1cloud.internal:ssh->10.129.55.19:48928 (ESTABLISHED) bash 58945 root 2u CHR 136,0 0t0 3 /dev/pts/0 sshd 59361 root 2u CHR 1,3 0t0 1028 /dev/null sshd 59361 root 3u IPv4 41565739 0t0 TCP fpvm-DBServer61.cs1cloud.internal:ssh->10.129.52.254:35662 (ESTABLISHED) bash 59363 root 2u CHR 136,1 0t0 4 /dev/pts/1 dockerd 59460 root 2u unix 0xffff8804236f7bc0 0t0 41573885 socket dockerd 59460 root 3r CHR 1,9 0t0 1033 /dev/urandom docker-co 59472 root 2u unix 0xffff8804236f7bc0 0t0 41573885 socket docker-co 59472 root 3r CHR 1,9 0t0 1033 /dev/urandom lsof 60776 root 2u CHR 136,1 0t0 4 /dev/pts/1 lsof 60776 root 3r DIR 0,3 0 1 /proc
##列出进程树
[root@fp-web-118 containerd]# systemd-cgls ├─1 /usr/lib/systemd/systemd --switched-root --system --deserialize 21 ├─user.slice │ └─user-0.slice │ ├─session-42927.scope │ │ ├─17560 sshd: root@pts/2 │ │ └─17562 -bash │ ├─session-42924.scope │ │ ├─ 15178 sshd: root@pts/0 │ │ ├─ 15180 -bash │ │ ├─124602 systemd-cgls │ │ └─124603 less │ ├─session-42403.scope │ │ ├─86964 /bin/sh /usr/bin/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/data/3307/my.cnf │ │ └─87124 /usr/sbin/mysqld --defaults-file=/data/3307/my.cnf --basedir=/usr --datadir=/data/3307/data --plugin-dir=/usr/lib64/mysql/plugin --user=mysql --log-error=/data/3307/log/mysqld.l │ └─session-36962.scope │ ├─29716 /usr/sbin/anacron -s │ ├─31589 /bin/bash /bin/run-parts /etc/cron.daily │ ├─31630 /bin/sh /etc/cron.daily/mlocate │ ├─31631 awk -v progname=/etc/cron.daily/mlocate progname { print progname ":\n" progname=""; } { print; } │ └─31636 /usr/bin/updatedb -f sysfs bdev proc cgroup cpuset tmpfs devtmpfs debugfs securityfs sockfs pipefs anon_inodefs configfs devpts ramfs hugetlbfs autofs pstore mqueue rpc_pipefs n └─system.slice ├─mysqld.service │ ├─75958 /bin/sh /usr/bin/mysqld_safe --datadir=/var/lib/mysql --socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock --pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid --basedir=/usr --user=mysql │ └─76174 /usr/sbin/mysqld --basedir=/usr --datadir=/var/lib/mysql --plugin-dir=/usr/lib64/mysql/plugin --user=mysql --log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log --pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid -- ├─systemd-journald.service │ └─73932 /usr/lib/systemd/systemd-journald ├─ntpd.service │ └─1497 /usr/sbin/ntpd -u ntp:ntp -g ├─zabbix-agent.service │ ├─1503 /usr/sbin/zabbix_agentd -c /etc/zabbix/zabbix_agentd.conf │ ├─1524 /usr/sbin/zabbix_agentd: collector [idle 1 sec] │ ├─1525 /usr/sbin/zabbix_agentd: listener #1 [waiting for connection │ ├─1526 /usr/sbin/zabbix_agentd: listener #2 [waiting for connection │ ├─1527 /usr/sbin/zabbix_agentd: listener #3 [waiting for connection │ └─1528 /usr/sbin/zabbix_agentd: active checks #1 [idle 1 sec] ├─tuned.service │ └─1467 /usr/bin/python -Es /usr/sbin/tuned -l -P ├─sshd.service │ └─1464 /usr/sbin/sshd -D ├─polkit.service │ └─1071 /usr/lib/polkit-1/polkitd --no-debug ├─wpa_supplicant.service │ └─1070 /usr/sbin/wpa_supplicant -u -f /var/log/wpa_supplicant.log -c /etc/wpa_supplicant/wpa_supplicant.conf -u -f /var/log/wpa_supplicant.log -P /var/run/wpa_supplicant.pid ├─crond.service │ └─1043 /usr/sbin/crond -n ├─atd.service │ └─1042 /usr/sbin/atd -f ├─abrt-oops.service │ └─1000 /usr/bin/abrt-watch-log -F BUG: WARNING: at WARNING: CPU: INFO: possible recursive locking detected ernel BUG at list_del corruption list_add corruption do_IRQ: stack overflow: ear ├─abrtd.service │ └─998 /usr/sbin/abrtd -d -s ├─smartd.service │ └─996 /usr/sbin/smartd -n -q never ├─irqbalance.service │ └─995 /usr/sbin/irqbalance --foreground ├─gssproxy.service │ └─1011 /usr/sbin/gssproxy -D ├─NetworkManager.service │ ├─ 989 /usr/sbin/NetworkManager --no-daemon │ ├─1072 /sbin/dhclient -d -q -sf /usr/libexec/nm-dhcp-helper -pf /var/run/dhclient-ens224.pid -lf /var/lib/NetworkManager/dhclient-df8b2972-d5b1-41f6-8e51-731c2ccdaee2-ens224.lease -cf /va │ └─1077 /sbin/dhclient -d -q -sf /usr/libexec/nm-dhcp-helper -pf /var/run/dhclient-ens192.pid -lf /var/lib/NetworkManager/dhclient-2710cfcb-bad4-45b0-9935-16433b00dde3-ens192.lease -cf /va ├─libstoragemgmt.service │ └─988 /usr/bin/lsmd -d ├─dbus.service │ └─980 /bin/dbus-daemon --system --address=systemd: --nofork --nopidfile --systemd-activation ├─rngd.service │ └─979 /sbin/rngd -f ├─vmware-tools.service │ ├─1177 /usr/sbin/vmtoolsd │ ├─1223 /usr/lib/vmware-vgauth/VGAuthService -s │ └─1275 //usr/lib/vmware-caf/pme/bin/ManagementAgentHost ├─systemd-logind.service │ └─975 /usr/lib/systemd/systemd-logind ├─rsyslog.service │ └─974 /usr/sbin/rsyslogd -n ├─auditd.service │ └─952 /sbin/auditd ├─lvm2-lvmetad.service │ └─804 /usr/sbin/lvmetad -f ├─systemd-udevd.service │ └─793 /usr/lib/systemd/systemd-udevd └─system-getty.slice └─getty@tty1.service └─1531 /sbin/agetty --noclear tty1 linux
