linux mysql 5.7.11 手动安装
1.解压及创建目录
⚠️不要在其它路径解压完cp过去
[root@hadoop39 local]# tar xzvf mysql-5.7.11-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz [root@hadoop39 local]# mv mysql-5.7.11-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64 mysql [root@hadoop39 local]# mkdir mysql/arch mysql/data mysql/tmp
2.创建my.cnf
[root@hadoop39 local]# vi /etc/my.cnf
[client] port = 3306 socket = /usr/local/mysql/data/mysql.sock default-character-set=utf8mb4 [mysqld] port = 3306 socket = /usr/local/mysql/data/mysql.sock skip-slave-start skip-external-locking key_buffer_size = 256M sort_buffer_size = 2M read_buffer_size = 2M read_rnd_buffer_size = 4M query_cache_size= 32M max_allowed_packet = 16M myisam_sort_buffer_size=128M tmp_table_size=32M table_open_cache = 512 thread_cache_size = 8 wait_timeout = 86400 interactive_timeout = 86400 max_connections = 600 # Try number of CPU's*2 for thread_concurrency #thread_concurrency = 32 #isolation level and default engine default-storage-engine = INNODB transaction-isolation = READ-COMMITTED server-id = 1739 basedir = /usr/local/mysql datadir = /usr/local/mysql/data pid-file = /usr/local/mysql/data/hostname.pid #open performance schema log-warnings sysdate-is-now binlog_format = ROW log_bin_trust_function_creators=1 log-error = /usr/local/mysql/data/hostname.err log-bin = /usr/local/mysql/arch/mysql-bin expire_logs_days = 7 innodb_write_io_threads=16 relay-log = /usr/local/mysql/relay_log/relay-log relay-log-index = /usr/local/mysql/relay_log/relay-log.index relay_log_info_file= /usr/local/mysql/relay_log/relay-log.info log_slave_updates=1 gtid_mode=OFF enforce_gtid_consistency=OFF # slave slave-parallel-type=LOGICAL_CLOCK slave-parallel-workers=4 master_info_repository=TABLE relay_log_info_repository=TABLE relay_log_recovery=ON #other logs #general_log =1 #general_log_file = /usr/local/mysql/data/general_log.err #slow_query_log=1 #slow_query_log_file=/usr/local/mysql/data/slow_log.err #for replication slave sync_binlog = 500 #for innodb options innodb_data_home_dir = /usr/local/mysql/data/ innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:1G;ibdata2:1G:autoextend innodb_log_group_home_dir = /usr/local/mysql/arch innodb_log_files_in_group = 4 innodb_log_file_size = 1G innodb_log_buffer_size = 200M #根据生产需要，调整pool size innodb_buffer_pool_size = 2G #innodb_additional_mem_pool_size = 50M #deprecated in 5.6 tmpdir = /usr/local/mysql/tmp innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 1000 #innodb_thread_concurrency = 0 innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 2 innodb_locks_unsafe_for_binlog=1 #innodb io features: add for mysql5.5.8 performance_schema innodb_read_io_threads=4 innodb-write-io-threads=4 innodb-io-capacity=200 #purge threads change default(0) to 1 for purge innodb_purge_threads=1 innodb_use_native_aio=on #case-sensitive file names and separate tablespace innodb_file_per_table = 1 lower_case_table_names=1 [mysqldump] quick max_allowed_packet = 128M [mysql] no-auto-rehash default-character-set=utf8mb4 [mysqlhotcopy] interactive-timeout [myisamchk] key_buffer_size = 256M sort_buffer_size = 256M read_buffer = 2M write_buffer = 2M
3.创建用户组及用户
[root@hadoop39 local]# groupadd -g 101 dba [root@hadoop39 local]# useradd -u 514 -g dba -G root -d /usr/local/mysql mysqladmin [root@hadoop39 local]# id mysqladmin uid=514(mysqladmin) gid=101(dba) groups=101(dba),0(root)
## 一般不需要设置mysqladmin的密码，直接从root或者LDAP用户sudo切换
#[root@hadoop39 local]# passwd mysqladmin
Changing password for user mysqladmin.
New UNIX password:
BAD PASSWORD: it is too simplistic/systematic
Retype new UNIX password:
passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully.
⚠️用户存在，则必须执行下面命令
[root@hadoop39 local]# usermod -u 514 -g dba -G root -d /usr/local/mysql mysqladmin
4.copy 环境变量配置文件至mysqladmin用户的home目录中,为了以下步骤配置个人环境变量
⚠️重点
[root@hadoop39 local]# cp /etc/skel/.* /usr/local/mysql
5.配置环境变量
[root@hadoop39 local]# vi mysql/.bash_profile
# .bash_profile # Get the aliases and functions if [ -f ~/.bashrc ]; then . ~/.bashrc fi # User specific environment and startup programs export MYSQL_BASE=/usr/local/mysql export PATH=${MYSQL_BASE}/bin:$PATH unset USERNAME #stty erase ^H set umask to 022 umask 022 PS1=`uname -n`":"'$USER'":"'$PWD'":>"; export PS1 ## end
6.赋权限和用户组，切换用户mysqladmin，安装
[root@hadoop39 local]# chown mysqladmin:dba /etc/my.cnf [root@hadoop39 local]# chmod 640 /etc/my.cnf [root@hadoop39 local]# chown -R mysqladmin:dba /usr/local/mysql [root@hadoop39 local]# chmod -R 755 /usr/local/mysql
7.配置服务及开机自启动
创建自启脚本
[mysqladmin@dhadoop39 mysql]$ cat /app/mysql_start.sh #!/bin/bash start_status=`ps -ef|grep -Ew 'mysqld|mysqld_safe' | grep -vw 'grep' | wc -l` if [[ "$istart_status" -ne 2 ]]; then sleep 20 /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf & fi
添加开机自启命令
vi /etc/rc.local #!/bin/bash # THIS FILE IS ADDED FOR COMPATIBILITY PURPOSES # # It is highly advisable to create own systemd services or udev rules # to run scripts during boot instead of using this file. # # In contrast to previous versions due to parallel execution during boot # this script will NOT be run after all other services. # # Please note that you must run 'chmod +x /etc/rc.d/rc.local' to ensure # that this script will be executed during boot. touch /var/lock/subsys/local #开机自启脚本 #mysqladmin 为用户名 su - mysqladmin -c /app/mysql_start.sh
⚠️下面到开机自启服务由于root用户找不到hostname.pid文件而无法正常启动
[root@hadoop39 local]# cd /usr/local/mysql #将服务文件拷贝到init.d下，并重命名为mysql [root@hadoop39 mysql]# cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysql #赋予可执行权限 [root@hadoop39 mysql]# chmod +x /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysql #删除服务 [root@hadoop39 mysql]# chkconfig --del mysql #添加服务 [root@hadoop39 mysql]# chkconfig --add mysql [root@hadoop39 mysql]# chkconfig --level 345 mysql on
8.安装libaio及安装mysql的初始db
[root@hadoop39 mysql]# yum -y install libaio [root@hadoop39 mysql]# sudo su - mysqladmin hadoop39.root:mysqladmin:/usr/local/mysql:> bin/mysqld \ --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf \ --user=mysqladmin \ --basedir=/usr/local/mysql/ \ --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data/ \ --initialize
在初始化时如果加上 –initial-insecure，则会创建空密码的 root@localhost 账号，否则会创建带密码的 root@localhost 账号，密码直接写在 log-error 日志文件中
（在5.6版本中是放在 ~/.mysql_secret 文件里，更加隐蔽，不熟悉的话可能会无所适从）
9.查看临时密码
hadoop39.root:mysqladmin:/usr/local/mysql/data:>cat hostname.err |grep password 2017-07-22T02:15:29.439671Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: kFCqrXeh2y(0 hadoop39.root:mysqladmin:/usr/local/mysql/data:>
10.启动
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf &
11.登录及修改用户密码
hadoop39.root:mysqladmin:/usr/local/mysql/data:>mysql -uroot -p'%^&*(K)(' mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure. Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MySQL connection id is 2 Server version: 5.7.11-log Copyright (c) 2000, 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. mysql> alter user root@localhost identified by 'root'; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.05 sec) mysql> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'root' ; Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.02 sec) mysql> flush privileges; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql> exit; Bye
12.重启
hadoop39.root:mysqladmin:/usr/local/mysql:> service mysql restart hadoop39.root:mysqladmin:/usr/local/mysql/data:>mysql -uroot -prootdata mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure. Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MySQL connection id is 2 Server version: 5.7.11-log MySQL Community Server (GPL) Copyright (c) 2000, 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. mysql>
13.验证开机自启
重启服务器
常见问题：
1.mysql的初始db没有任何反应和输出
解决方案：检查mysql文件是否从其它路径解压完cp过去的，如果是则请在/usr/local/路径下解压。
2.mysql的初始db报错，[ERROR] -- initialize specified but the data directory has files in it. Aborting.
解决方案：查看data文件夹下是否有hostname.err文件，有则全部删除。
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