马士兵 Servlet_JSP(2) JSP源代码)
1.最简单的JSP
HelloWorld.jsp
<html>
<head>
<title>Hello</title>
<body>
<%
out.println("Hello World!");
%>
</body>
</head>
</html>
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2.JSP中的全局变量和局部变量
AccessCounts.jsp
<html>
<head>
<title>JSP Declaration</title>
</head>
<body>
<%!
// 全局变量
int accessCount = 0;
%>
<%
// 局部变量
int accessCount2 = 0;
%>
<h2>AccessCount:
<br>Overall Variable:<%= ++accessCount %>
<br>Local Variable:<%= ++accessCount2 %>
</h2>
</body>
</html>
测试结果:访问同一页面,每刷新一次,accessCount增1,accessCount2不变(每次出现一个新的局部变量)。
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3.注释、当前页面从URL中取背景色参数
BGColor.jsp
<html>
<head>
<title>Color Testing</title>
</head>
<!--
HTML注释
客户端可以看见
-->
<%--
JSP注释
客户端看不见
--%>
<%
//注释2
/*
注释3
*/
// 将请求中参数bgColor的值拿过来,假如没有传这个参数,则值为null
String bgColor = request.getParameter("bgColor");
boolean hasColor;
if(bgColor != null) {
hasColor = true;
} else {
hasColor = false;
bgColor = "white";
}
%>
<!--显示背景色-->
<body bgcolor="<%= bgColor%>">
<h2 align="center">Color Testing</h2>
<%
if(hasColor) {
out.println("You supplied a backgroud color of " + bgColor + ".");
} else {
out.println("Use Default backgroud color of white");
}
%>
</body>
</html>
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4.表达式
Expressions.jsp
<html>
<head>
<title>JSP Expressions</title>
</head>
<!--表达式-->
<body>
<h2>JSP Expressions</h2>
<UL>
<!--获取当前本地时间-->
<LI>Current Time:<%= new java.util.Date().toLocaleString() %>
<LI>Your HostName:<%= request.getRemoteHost() %>
<!--获取当前页面的SessionID-->
<LI>Your Session Id:<%= session.getId() %>
<LI>The <code>testParam</code> from parameter:<%= request.getParameter("testParam") %>
</UL>
</body>
</html>
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5.@page指示语句的测试
TestDirective.jsp
<%@page import="java.util.*" %>
<%@page contentType="text/html;charset=gb2312" %>
<!--@page指示语句的测试-->
<!--将当前系统时间转变成我们本地常用的形式输出-->
<%= new Date().toLocaleString() %>
<br><br>
<%
out.println("你好!");
%>
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6.错误页跳转测试
①TestErr.jsp
<%@page errorPage="ErrPage.jsp" %>
<!--如果本页面出错则跳转到ErrPage.jsp页面-->
<%
String str = "123abc";
int i = Integer.parseInt(str);
out.println("str= " + str + ",i= " + i);
%>
②ErrPage.jsp
<%@page contentType="text/html;charset=gb2312" %>
<%@page isErrorPage="true" %>
<!--本页面是个错误信息显示页-->
<html>
<body text="red">
错误信息:<%= exception.getMessage()%>
</body>
</html>
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7.include指令”%@ include file“和include动作指令“jsp:include page”
前者是先包含进来再编译执行;后者是先各自编译执行再包含进来
①include.jsp
<html>
<head>
<title>include test</title>
</head>
<body bgcolor="white">
<font color="red">
The current time and date are:<br>
<!--先将date.jsp的内容包含进来,再一起进行转换、编译和执行-->
<%@include file="date.jsp" %><br>
<!--先将date.jsp进行转换、编译和执行,再将结果包含进来-->
<jsp:include page="date.jsp" flush="true" />
</font>
</body>
</html>
②date.jsp
<%@page import="java.util.*" %>
<%--a string representation of this date, using the locale conventions.--%>
<%= (new Date()).toLocaleString() %>
说明:以下转载自网络 http://blog.matrix.org.cn/rudy541/entry/200708162
jsp中两种包含文件的区别:
相同点:两者逗能包含一个页面
不同点:
区别1:
<jsp:include page="b.jsp" />(先执行,后包含)
此标签表示法:能动态区别加进来的是动态页面还是静态页面
对于静态页面则直接将资源包含(仅取其文本)。
对于动态页面则先处理各自资源,之后将处理过的结果包含在一起。
<%@ include file="b.jsp">
此指令表示:静态地包含页面,不管其内容如何,不过是静态页面还是动态页面都首先将页面的内容先加进来。
然后一起处理,再将所有内容发给客户端。
实例挑战:
有b.jsp页面
<%int i = 10 ;%>
<%=i%>
主界面a.jsp也有<%int i = 100 ;%> <%=i%>
如果是加载<%@ include file="b.jsp">,则是先包含后执行,就会发现报错,i被重新定义,
但如果是加载<jsp:include page="b.jsp" />则是先执行结果,然后将结果包括到主页面。不会报错。
区别2:
<jsp:include page="b.jsp" />可以分开写成:
<jsp:include page="b.jsp" >
<jsp:param name="参数名" value="参数值"/>
</jsp:include>
这样就可以传递参数。
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8.两个数的乘除运算
①Compute.html
<html>
<head>
<title>Compute</title>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html;charset=gb2312">
</head>
<!--两个数的乘除运算-->
<body bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
<div align="center">
<form method="post" action="Compute.jsp">
<p>选择要做的运算:
<input type="radio" name="compute" value="division" checked>
除法
<input type="radio" name="compute" value="multiplication">
乘法
</p>
<p>被除数(被乘数)
<input type="text" name="value1">
除数(乘数)
<input type="text" name="value2">
</p>
<p>
<input type="submit" name="Submit" value="计算结果">
</p>
</form>
</div>
</body>
</html>
②Compute.jsp
<%@page language="java" %>
<%@page contentType="text/html;charset=gb2312" %>
<%
// 将Compute.html页面输入的要进行计算的两个变量拿过来
String value1 = request.getParameter("value1");
String value2 = request.getParameter("value2");
%>
<% if("division".equals(request.getParameter("compute"))) { %>
<!--进行除法计算,把两个参数v1和v2先传到divide.jsp,再那边编译运行,然后把结果拿到这边显示出来-->
<jsp:include page="divide.jsp" flush="true">
<jsp:param name="v1" value="<%=value1%>"/>
<jsp:param name="v2" value="<%=value2%>"/>
</jsp:include>
<% } else { %>
<!--直接把multiply.jsp拿过来,跟本页面一起编译执行-->
<%@include file="multiply.jsp" %>
<% } %>
③multiply.jsp
<%@page contentType="text/html;charset=gb2312" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>Multiply</title>
</head>
<%--进行乘法计算的JSP--%>
<body bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
<center>
<h1>
<%
try{
float multiplicand = Float.parseFloat(request.getParameter("value1"));
float multiplicator = Float.parseFloat(request.getParameter("value2"));
double result = multiplicand*multiplicator;
out.println(multiplicand + "*" + multiplicator +" = " + result);
} catch(Exception e) {
out.println("不合法的乘数或被乘数");
}
%>
</h1>
</center>
</body>
</html>
④divide.jsp
<%@page contentType="text/html;charset=gb2312" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>Divide</title>
</head>
<%--进行除法计算的JSP--%>
<body bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
<center>
<h1>
<%
try{
float divident = Float.parseFloat(request.getParameter("v1"));
float divisor = Float.parseFloat(request.getParameter("v2"));
double result = divident/divisor;
%>
<%= result%>
<%
} catch(Exception e) {
out.println("不合法的除数或被除数");
}
%>
</h1>
</center>
</body>
</html>
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9.jsp:forward和response.sendRedirect
①最简单的jsp:forward
forward.jsp
<html>
<head>
<title>Forward Example</title>
</head>
<!--最终显示的是forforward.jsp中的内容-->
<body bgcolor=red>
Welcome to forward.jsp
<%--直接跳转到forforward.jsp,这两个jsp用的是同一个request--%>
<jsp:forward page="forforward.jsp" />
</body>
</html>
forforward.jsp
<html>
<head>
<title>forforward.jsp</title>
</head>
<body bgcolor=blue>
Welcome<br>
Here is forforward.jsp
</body>
</html>
②jsp:forward和response.sendRedirect的比较
forward1.jsp
<html>
<head>
<title>Forward Example</title>
</head>
<body bgcolor=red>
Welcome to forward1.jsp
<jsp:forward page="forforward1.jsp" >
<jsp:param name="name" value="m" />
<jsp:param name="oldName" value='<%= request.getParameter("name")%>' />
<jsp:param name="roles" value="manager" />
</jsp:forward>
</body>
</html>
forforward1.jsp:和forward1.jsp使用的是同一个request(服务器跳转)
<html>
<head>
<title>forforward1.jsp</title>
</head>
<body bgcolor=blue>
Welcome<br>
Here is forforward1.jsp<br>
<%= request.getParameter("name")%>
<%= request.getParameter("oldName")%>
<%= request.getParameter("roles")%>
<%= request.getParameter("address")%>
</body>
</html>
测试结果:
访问http://localhost:8888/test/forward/forward1.jsp?name=yyg&address=34527144231
结果:
Welcome
Here is forforward1.jsp
m yyg manager 34527144231
此时页面URL还是forward1.jsp,并没有跳转到forforward1.jsp,给用户的感觉还是刚才的页面在为自己服务。
说明:m 和manager 是forward1.jsp中传过来的;而yyg 和34527144231 是在URL中通过request传过来的。并且forward1.jsp中也没有address属性,这也从另一个角度说明了这两个jsp使用的是同一个request。
test.jsp:和forward1.jsp使用的是不同的request
说明:访问过http://localhost:8888/test/forward/test.jsp后,页面跳转成http://localhost:8888/test/forward/forforward1.jsp
这个过程中客户和服务器之间产生了两个request,并且test.jsp后跟参数并不能传递到forforward1.jsp(原因也很明显:两次是不同的request)
<%
response.sendRedirect("forforward1.jsp");
%>
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10.jsp:useBean
①CounterBean.java
package bean;
import java.io.Serializable;
/**
* 一个很普通的JavaBean
* @author jukey
*
*/
public class CounterBean implements Serializable {
private int count = 0;
public CounterBean() {}
public int getCount() {
count++;
return count;
}
public void setCount(int count) {
this.count = count;
}
}
②test.jsp:JSP往JavaBean中设置值,从JavaBean中拿值
<%@page import="bean.*" %>
<%--
<%
// 下面这个语句等同于<jsp:useBean id="cb" class="bean.CounterBean"></jsp:useBean>
CounterBean cb = new CounterBean();
%>
--%>
<jsp:useBean id="cb" class="bean.CounterBean">
</jsp:useBean>
<font color="red" size="5">
<%--将bean中存储的值拿出来--%>
<%= cb.getCount()%>
</font>
<!--往bean中存值-->
<jsp:setProperty name="cb" property="count" value="25" />
<%--cb.setCount(25)--%>
<!--往bean中取值-->
<jsp:getProperty name="cb" property="count" />
<%--cb.getCount()--%>
以下是Bean的4种作用范围的测试:
③page有效(仅涵盖使用JavaBean的页面)
PageBean.jsp
<jsp:useBean id="counterBean" scope="page" class="bean.CounterBean" />
<html>
<body>
<h3>CounterBean scope="page" Example</h3>
<b>count:</b> <%= counterBean.getCount()%>
<%--上下两句效果一样--%>
<jsp:getProperty name="counterBean" property="count"/>
</body>
</html>
④request有效(有效范围仅限于使用JavaBean的请求)
RequestBean.jsp
<jsp:useBean id="counterBean" scope="request" class="bean.CounterBean" />
<%--
bean.CounterBean counterBean = request.getAttribute("counterBean");
if(counterBean == null) {
counterBean = new bean.CounterBean();
request.setAttribute("counterBean",counterBean);
}
--%>
<html>
<body>
<h3>CounterBean scope="request" Example</h3>
<!--往当前request对应的bean中设置-->
<% counterBean.setCount(100); %>
<%--和RequestBean2.jsp用的是同一个request,也是同一个counterBean对象--%>
<!--测试结果是101-->
<jsp:forward page="RequestBean2.jsp" />
<%--和RequestBean2.jsp用的不是同一个request,也不是同一个counterBean对象--%>
<!--访问RequestBean.jsp,跳转到RequestBean2.jsp,因为和当前request不是同一个request-->
<!--则产生一个新的request,产生一个新的bean对象,测试结果是1而不是101-->
<%-- response.sendRedirect("RequestBean2.jsp"); --%>
</body>
</html>
RequestBean2.jsp
<jsp:useBean id="counterBean" scope="request" class="bean.CounterBean" />
<html>
<body>
<h3>CounterBean scope="request" Example</h3>
<b>count:</b> <%= counterBean.getCount()%>
</body>
</html>
⑤Session有效(有效范围在用户整个连接过程中,整个会话阶段均有效)
SessionBean.jsp
<jsp:useBean id="counterBean" scope="session" class="bean.CounterBean" />
<%--
// 这一段java代码等同于上面这句JSP语句
bean.CounterBean counterBean = session.getAttribute("counterBean");
if(counterBean == null) {
counterBean = new bean.CounterBean();
session.setAttribute("counterBean",counterBean);
}
--%>
<html>
<body>
<h3>CounterBean scope="session" Example</h3>
<b>count:</b> <%= counterBean.getCount()%>
</body>
</html>
SessionBean2.jsp
<jsp:useBean id="counterBean" scope="session" class="bean.CounterBean" />
<html>
<body>
<h3>CounterBean scope="session" Example</h3>
<b>count:</b> <%= counterBean.getCount()%>
</body>
</html>
⑥application有效(有效范围涵盖整个应用程序,也就是对整个网站都有效)
可用于作为首页访问量的计数器
ApplicationBean.jsp
<jsp:useBean id="counterBean" scope="application" class="bean.CounterBean" />
<html>
<body>
<h3>CounterBean scope="application" Example</h3>
<b>count:</b> <%= counterBean.getCount()%>
</body>
</html>
ApplicationBean2.jsp
<jsp:useBean id="counterBean" scope="application" class="bean.CounterBean" />
<html>
<body>
<h3>CounterBean scope="application" Example</h3>
<b>count:</b> <%= counterBean.getCount()%>
</body>
</html>
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11.jsp:setProperty和jsp:getProperty
①SaleEntry.jsp
<html>
<head>
<title>Using jsp:setProperty</title>
</head>
<!--销售条目(单行:商品编号、单价、数量、总价)-->
<body>
<table border=5 align="center" >
<tr><th class="title">
Using jsp:setProperty
</table>
<jsp:useBean id="entry" class="bean.SaleEntry" />
<%--从JSP向JavaBean中设值--%>
<!--通过param指定表单元素的名称,通过property指定bean的属性名称,由此建立两个变量的关联-->
<jsp:setProperty name="entry" property="itemID" value="<%= request.getParameter("itemID")%>" />
<jsp:setProperty name="entry" property="numItems" param="numItems" />
<jsp:setProperty name="entry" property="discountCode" param="discountCode" />
<br>
<table border=1 align="center" >
<tr class="colored">
<th>Item ID<th>Unit Price<th>Number Ordered<th>Total Price
<tr align="right">
<%--Jsp从JavaBean中取值--%>
<td><jsp:getProperty name="entry" property="itemID" />
<td>$<jsp:getProperty name="entry" property="itemCost" />
<td><jsp:getProperty name="entry" property="numItems" />
<td>$<jsp:getProperty name="entry" property="totalCost" />
</table>
</body>
</html>
②SaleEntry.java
package bean;
public class SaleEntry {
private String itemID = "unknown";
// 折扣
private double discountCode = 1.0;
private int numItems = 0;
public double getDiscountCode() {
return discountCode;
}
public void setDiscountCode(double discountCode) {
this.discountCode = discountCode;
}
public String getItemID() {
return itemID;
}
public void setItemID(String itemID) {
this.itemID = itemID;
}
public int getNumItems() {
return numItems;
}
public void setNumItems(int numItems) {
this.numItems = numItems;
}
// 获取单价
public double getItemCost() {
double cost;
if("a1234".equals(itemID)) {
cost = 12.99 * getDiscountCode();
} else {
cost = -99;
}
return roundToPennies(cost);
}
// 计算到分位
public double roundToPennies(double cost) {
return (Math.floor(cost * 100) / 100.0);
}
// 计算总价格
public double getTotalCost() {
return (getItemCost() * getNumItems());
}
}
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12.HTML页面输入内容,提交给JSP文件,JSP将这些内容存入JavaBean,再从JavaBean中拿出来显示。
中间有个中文乱码的处理问题。
①SayHelloBean.html
<html>
<head>
<title>数据输入</title>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html;charset=gb2312">
</head>
<body bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
<div align="center" >
<p>请输入数据</p>
<form method="post" action="SayHelloBean.jsp" >
<p>姓名
<input type="text" name="name">
性别
<select name="sex">
<option value="先生">先生</option>
<option value="女士">女士</option>
</select>
</p>
<p>
<input type="submit" name="Submit" value="提交">
</p>
</form>
<p> </p>
<p> </p>
</div>
</body>
</html>
②SayHelloBean.jsp
<%@page language="java" import="bean.HelloBean;" %>
<%@page contentType="text/html;charset=gb2312" %>
<%--先将传过来的request中的字符编码格式设置成gbk,再取内容--%>
<% request.setCharacterEncoding("gbk"); %>
<jsp:useBean id="hello" class="bean.HelloBean" scope="request" >
<%--通过*来设置所有属性和输入参数之间的关联,struts中大量运用--%>
<jsp:setProperty name="hello" property="*" />
</jsp:useBean>
<html>
<head>
<title>HelloBean</title>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html;charset=gb2312">
</head>
<body bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
<p> </p>
<p align="center" >
<font size="4">欢迎
<font color="#0000FF">
<b>
<%--转码(终结解决方案):将hello对象中name属性的值用ISO8859_1编码格式以字节数组拿出,再转化成gbk格式---%>
<%--= new String(hello.getName().getBytes("ISO8859_1"),"gbk")--%>
</b>
</font>
<%--转码(终结解决方案):将hello对象中sex属性的值用ISO8859_1编码格式以字节数组拿出,再转化成gbk格式---%>
<%--= new String(hello.getSex().getBytes("ISO8859_1"),"gbk")--%>
</font>
</p>
<jsp:getProperty name="hello" property="name" />
<jsp:getProperty name="hello" property="sex" />
</body>
</html>
③HelloBean.java
package bean;
public class HelloBean {
private String name = "";
private String sex = "";
public HelloBean() {}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public String getSex() {
return sex;
}
public void setSex(String sex) {
this.sex = sex;
}
}
HelloWorld.jsp
<html>
<head>
<title>Hello</title>
<body>
<%
out.println("Hello World!");
%>
</body>
</head>
</html>
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2.JSP中的全局变量和局部变量
AccessCounts.jsp
<html>
<head>
<title>JSP Declaration</title>
</head>
<body>
<%!
// 全局变量
int accessCount = 0;
%>
<%
// 局部变量
int accessCount2 = 0;
%>
<h2>AccessCount:
<br>Overall Variable:<%= ++accessCount %>
<br>Local Variable:<%= ++accessCount2 %>
</h2>
</body>
</html>
测试结果:访问同一页面,每刷新一次,accessCount增1,accessCount2不变(每次出现一个新的局部变量)。
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3.注释、当前页面从URL中取背景色参数
BGColor.jsp
<html>
<head>
<title>Color Testing</title>
</head>
<!--
HTML注释
客户端可以看见
-->
<%--
JSP注释
客户端看不见
--%>
<%
//注释2
/*
注释3
*/
// 将请求中参数bgColor的值拿过来,假如没有传这个参数,则值为null
String bgColor = request.getParameter("bgColor");
boolean hasColor;
if(bgColor != null) {
hasColor = true;
} else {
hasColor = false;
bgColor = "white";
}
%>
<!--显示背景色-->
<body bgcolor="<%= bgColor%>">
<h2 align="center">Color Testing</h2>
<%
if(hasColor) {
out.println("You supplied a backgroud color of " + bgColor + ".");
} else {
out.println("Use Default backgroud color of white");
}
%>
</body>
</html>
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4.表达式
Expressions.jsp
<html>
<head>
<title>JSP Expressions</title>
</head>
<!--表达式-->
<body>
<h2>JSP Expressions</h2>
<UL>
<!--获取当前本地时间-->
<LI>Current Time:<%= new java.util.Date().toLocaleString() %>
<LI>Your HostName:<%= request.getRemoteHost() %>
<!--获取当前页面的SessionID-->
<LI>Your Session Id:<%= session.getId() %>
<LI>The <code>testParam</code> from parameter:<%= request.getParameter("testParam") %>
</UL>
</body>
</html>
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5.@page指示语句的测试
TestDirective.jsp
<%@page import="java.util.*" %>
<%@page contentType="text/html;charset=gb2312" %>
<!--@page指示语句的测试-->
<!--将当前系统时间转变成我们本地常用的形式输出-->
<%= new Date().toLocaleString() %>
<br><br>
<%
out.println("你好!");
%>
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6.错误页跳转测试
①TestErr.jsp
<%@page errorPage="ErrPage.jsp" %>
<!--如果本页面出错则跳转到ErrPage.jsp页面-->
<%
String str = "123abc";
int i = Integer.parseInt(str);
out.println("str= " + str + ",i= " + i);
%>
②ErrPage.jsp
<%@page contentType="text/html;charset=gb2312" %>
<%@page isErrorPage="true" %>
<!--本页面是个错误信息显示页-->
<html>
<body text="red">
错误信息:<%= exception.getMessage()%>
</body>
</html>
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7.include指令”%@ include file“和include动作指令“jsp:include page”
前者是先包含进来再编译执行;后者是先各自编译执行再包含进来
①include.jsp
<html>
<head>
<title>include test</title>
</head>
<body bgcolor="white">
<font color="red">
The current time and date are:<br>
<!--先将date.jsp的内容包含进来,再一起进行转换、编译和执行-->
<%@include file="date.jsp" %><br>
<!--先将date.jsp进行转换、编译和执行,再将结果包含进来-->
<jsp:include page="date.jsp" flush="true" />
</font>
</body>
</html>
②date.jsp
<%@page import="java.util.*" %>
<%--a string representation of this date, using the locale conventions.--%>
<%= (new Date()).toLocaleString() %>
说明:以下转载自网络 http://blog.matrix.org.cn/rudy541/entry/200708162
jsp中两种包含文件的区别:
相同点:两者逗能包含一个页面
不同点:
区别1:
<jsp:include page="b.jsp" />(先执行,后包含)
此标签表示法:能动态区别加进来的是动态页面还是静态页面
对于静态页面则直接将资源包含(仅取其文本)。
对于动态页面则先处理各自资源,之后将处理过的结果包含在一起。
<%@ include file="b.jsp">
此指令表示:静态地包含页面,不管其内容如何,不过是静态页面还是动态页面都首先将页面的内容先加进来。
然后一起处理,再将所有内容发给客户端。
实例挑战:
有b.jsp页面
<%int i = 10 ;%>
<%=i%>
主界面a.jsp也有<%int i = 100 ;%> <%=i%>
如果是加载<%@ include file="b.jsp">,则是先包含后执行,就会发现报错,i被重新定义,
但如果是加载<jsp:include page="b.jsp" />则是先执行结果,然后将结果包括到主页面。不会报错。
区别2:
<jsp:include page="b.jsp" />可以分开写成:
<jsp:include page="b.jsp" >
<jsp:param name="参数名" value="参数值"/>
</jsp:include>
这样就可以传递参数。
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8.两个数的乘除运算
①Compute.html
<html>
<head>
<title>Compute</title>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html;charset=gb2312">
</head>
<!--两个数的乘除运算-->
<body bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
<div align="center">
<form method="post" action="Compute.jsp">
<p>选择要做的运算:
<input type="radio" name="compute" value="division" checked>
除法
<input type="radio" name="compute" value="multiplication">
乘法
</p>
<p>被除数(被乘数)
<input type="text" name="value1">
除数(乘数)
<input type="text" name="value2">
</p>
<p>
<input type="submit" name="Submit" value="计算结果">
</p>
</form>
</div>
</body>
</html>
②Compute.jsp
<%@page language="java" %>
<%@page contentType="text/html;charset=gb2312" %>
<%
// 将Compute.html页面输入的要进行计算的两个变量拿过来
String value1 = request.getParameter("value1");
String value2 = request.getParameter("value2");
%>
<% if("division".equals(request.getParameter("compute"))) { %>
<!--进行除法计算,把两个参数v1和v2先传到divide.jsp,再那边编译运行,然后把结果拿到这边显示出来-->
<jsp:include page="divide.jsp" flush="true">
<jsp:param name="v1" value="<%=value1%>"/>
<jsp:param name="v2" value="<%=value2%>"/>
</jsp:include>
<% } else { %>
<!--直接把multiply.jsp拿过来,跟本页面一起编译执行-->
<%@include file="multiply.jsp" %>
<% } %>
③multiply.jsp
<%@page contentType="text/html;charset=gb2312" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>Multiply</title>
</head>
<%--进行乘法计算的JSP--%>
<body bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
<center>
<h1>
<%
try{
float multiplicand = Float.parseFloat(request.getParameter("value1"));
float multiplicator = Float.parseFloat(request.getParameter("value2"));
double result = multiplicand*multiplicator;
out.println(multiplicand + "*" + multiplicator +" = " + result);
} catch(Exception e) {
out.println("不合法的乘数或被乘数");
}
%>
</h1>
</center>
</body>
</html>
④divide.jsp
<%@page contentType="text/html;charset=gb2312" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>Divide</title>
</head>
<%--进行除法计算的JSP--%>
<body bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
<center>
<h1>
<%
try{
float divident = Float.parseFloat(request.getParameter("v1"));
float divisor = Float.parseFloat(request.getParameter("v2"));
double result = divident/divisor;
%>
<%= result%>
<%
} catch(Exception e) {
out.println("不合法的除数或被除数");
}
%>
</h1>
</center>
</body>
</html>
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9.jsp:forward和response.sendRedirect
①最简单的jsp:forward
forward.jsp
<html>
<head>
<title>Forward Example</title>
</head>
<!--最终显示的是forforward.jsp中的内容-->
<body bgcolor=red>
Welcome to forward.jsp
<%--直接跳转到forforward.jsp,这两个jsp用的是同一个request--%>
<jsp:forward page="forforward.jsp" />
</body>
</html>
forforward.jsp
<html>
<head>
<title>forforward.jsp</title>
</head>
<body bgcolor=blue>
Welcome<br>
Here is forforward.jsp
</body>
</html>
②jsp:forward和response.sendRedirect的比较
forward1.jsp
<html>
<head>
<title>Forward Example</title>
</head>
<body bgcolor=red>
Welcome to forward1.jsp
<jsp:forward page="forforward1.jsp" >
<jsp:param name="name" value="m" />
<jsp:param name="oldName" value='<%= request.getParameter("name")%>' />
<jsp:param name="roles" value="manager" />
</jsp:forward>
</body>
</html>
forforward1.jsp:和forward1.jsp使用的是同一个request(服务器跳转)
<html>
<head>
<title>forforward1.jsp</title>
</head>
<body bgcolor=blue>
Welcome<br>
Here is forforward1.jsp<br>
<%= request.getParameter("name")%>
<%= request.getParameter("oldName")%>
<%= request.getParameter("roles")%>
<%= request.getParameter("address")%>
</body>
</html>
测试结果:
访问http://localhost:8888/test/forward/forward1.jsp?name=yyg&address=34527144231
结果:
Welcome
Here is forforward1.jsp
m yyg manager 34527144231
此时页面URL还是forward1.jsp,并没有跳转到forforward1.jsp,给用户的感觉还是刚才的页面在为自己服务。
说明:m 和manager 是forward1.jsp中传过来的;而yyg 和34527144231 是在URL中通过request传过来的。并且forward1.jsp中也没有address属性,这也从另一个角度说明了这两个jsp使用的是同一个request。
test.jsp:和forward1.jsp使用的是不同的request
说明:访问过http://localhost:8888/test/forward/test.jsp后,页面跳转成http://localhost:8888/test/forward/forforward1.jsp
这个过程中客户和服务器之间产生了两个request,并且test.jsp后跟参数并不能传递到forforward1.jsp(原因也很明显:两次是不同的request)
<%
response.sendRedirect("forforward1.jsp");
%>
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10.jsp:useBean
①CounterBean.java
package bean;
import java.io.Serializable;
/**
* 一个很普通的JavaBean
* @author jukey
*
*/
public class CounterBean implements Serializable {
private int count = 0;
public CounterBean() {}
public int getCount() {
count++;
return count;
}
public void setCount(int count) {
this.count = count;
}
}
②test.jsp:JSP往JavaBean中设置值,从JavaBean中拿值
<%@page import="bean.*" %>
<%--
<%
// 下面这个语句等同于<jsp:useBean id="cb" class="bean.CounterBean"></jsp:useBean>
CounterBean cb = new CounterBean();
%>
--%>
<jsp:useBean id="cb" class="bean.CounterBean">
</jsp:useBean>
<font color="red" size="5">
<%--将bean中存储的值拿出来--%>
<%= cb.getCount()%>
</font>
<!--往bean中存值-->
<jsp:setProperty name="cb" property="count" value="25" />
<%--cb.setCount(25)--%>
<!--往bean中取值-->
<jsp:getProperty name="cb" property="count" />
<%--cb.getCount()--%>
以下是Bean的4种作用范围的测试:
③page有效(仅涵盖使用JavaBean的页面)
PageBean.jsp
<jsp:useBean id="counterBean" scope="page" class="bean.CounterBean" />
<html>
<body>
<h3>CounterBean scope="page" Example</h3>
<b>count:</b> <%= counterBean.getCount()%>
<%--上下两句效果一样--%>
<jsp:getProperty name="counterBean" property="count"/>
</body>
</html>
④request有效(有效范围仅限于使用JavaBean的请求)
RequestBean.jsp
<jsp:useBean id="counterBean" scope="request" class="bean.CounterBean" />
<%--
bean.CounterBean counterBean = request.getAttribute("counterBean");
if(counterBean == null) {
counterBean = new bean.CounterBean();
request.setAttribute("counterBean",counterBean);
}
--%>
<html>
<body>
<h3>CounterBean scope="request" Example</h3>
<!--往当前request对应的bean中设置-->
<% counterBean.setCount(100); %>
<%--和RequestBean2.jsp用的是同一个request,也是同一个counterBean对象--%>
<!--测试结果是101-->
<jsp:forward page="RequestBean2.jsp" />
<%--和RequestBean2.jsp用的不是同一个request,也不是同一个counterBean对象--%>
<!--访问RequestBean.jsp,跳转到RequestBean2.jsp,因为和当前request不是同一个request-->
<!--则产生一个新的request,产生一个新的bean对象,测试结果是1而不是101-->
<%-- response.sendRedirect("RequestBean2.jsp"); --%>
</body>
</html>
RequestBean2.jsp
<jsp:useBean id="counterBean" scope="request" class="bean.CounterBean" />
<html>
<body>
<h3>CounterBean scope="request" Example</h3>
<b>count:</b> <%= counterBean.getCount()%>
</body>
</html>
⑤Session有效(有效范围在用户整个连接过程中,整个会话阶段均有效)
SessionBean.jsp
<jsp:useBean id="counterBean" scope="session" class="bean.CounterBean" />
<%--
// 这一段java代码等同于上面这句JSP语句
bean.CounterBean counterBean = session.getAttribute("counterBean");
if(counterBean == null) {
counterBean = new bean.CounterBean();
session.setAttribute("counterBean",counterBean);
}
--%>
<html>
<body>
<h3>CounterBean scope="session" Example</h3>
<b>count:</b> <%= counterBean.getCount()%>
</body>
</html>
SessionBean2.jsp
<jsp:useBean id="counterBean" scope="session" class="bean.CounterBean" />
<html>
<body>
<h3>CounterBean scope="session" Example</h3>
<b>count:</b> <%= counterBean.getCount()%>
</body>
</html>
⑥application有效(有效范围涵盖整个应用程序,也就是对整个网站都有效)
可用于作为首页访问量的计数器
ApplicationBean.jsp
<jsp:useBean id="counterBean" scope="application" class="bean.CounterBean" />
<html>
<body>
<h3>CounterBean scope="application" Example</h3>
<b>count:</b> <%= counterBean.getCount()%>
</body>
</html>
ApplicationBean2.jsp
<jsp:useBean id="counterBean" scope="application" class="bean.CounterBean" />
<html>
<body>
<h3>CounterBean scope="application" Example</h3>
<b>count:</b> <%= counterBean.getCount()%>
</body>
</html>
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11.jsp:setProperty和jsp:getProperty
①SaleEntry.jsp
<html>
<head>
<title>Using jsp:setProperty</title>
</head>
<!--销售条目(单行:商品编号、单价、数量、总价)-->
<body>
<table border=5 align="center" >
<tr><th class="title">
Using jsp:setProperty
</table>
<jsp:useBean id="entry" class="bean.SaleEntry" />
<%--从JSP向JavaBean中设值--%>
<!--通过param指定表单元素的名称,通过property指定bean的属性名称,由此建立两个变量的关联-->
<jsp:setProperty name="entry" property="itemID" value="<%= request.getParameter("itemID")%>" />
<jsp:setProperty name="entry" property="numItems" param="numItems" />
<jsp:setProperty name="entry" property="discountCode" param="discountCode" />
<br>
<table border=1 align="center" >
<tr class="colored">
<th>Item ID<th>Unit Price<th>Number Ordered<th>Total Price
<tr align="right">
<%--Jsp从JavaBean中取值--%>
<td><jsp:getProperty name="entry" property="itemID" />
<td>$<jsp:getProperty name="entry" property="itemCost" />
<td><jsp:getProperty name="entry" property="numItems" />
<td>$<jsp:getProperty name="entry" property="totalCost" />
</table>
</body>
</html>
②SaleEntry.java
package bean;
public class SaleEntry {
private String itemID = "unknown";
// 折扣
private double discountCode = 1.0;
private int numItems = 0;
public double getDiscountCode() {
return discountCode;
}
public void setDiscountCode(double discountCode) {
this.discountCode = discountCode;
}
public String getItemID() {
return itemID;
}
public void setItemID(String itemID) {
this.itemID = itemID;
}
public int getNumItems() {
return numItems;
}
public void setNumItems(int numItems) {
this.numItems = numItems;
}
// 获取单价
public double getItemCost() {
double cost;
if("a1234".equals(itemID)) {
cost = 12.99 * getDiscountCode();
} else {
cost = -99;
}
return roundToPennies(cost);
}
// 计算到分位
public double roundToPennies(double cost) {
return (Math.floor(cost * 100) / 100.0);
}
// 计算总价格
public double getTotalCost() {
return (getItemCost() * getNumItems());
}
}
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12.HTML页面输入内容,提交给JSP文件,JSP将这些内容存入JavaBean,再从JavaBean中拿出来显示。
中间有个中文乱码的处理问题。
①SayHelloBean.html
<html>
<head>
<title>数据输入</title>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html;charset=gb2312">
</head>
<body bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
<div align="center" >
<p>请输入数据</p>
<form method="post" action="SayHelloBean.jsp" >
<p>姓名
<input type="text" name="name">
性别
<select name="sex">
<option value="先生">先生</option>
<option value="女士">女士</option>
</select>
</p>
<p>
<input type="submit" name="Submit" value="提交">
</p>
</form>
<p> </p>
<p> </p>
</div>
</body>
</html>
②SayHelloBean.jsp
<%@page language="java" import="bean.HelloBean;" %>
<%@page contentType="text/html;charset=gb2312" %>
<%--先将传过来的request中的字符编码格式设置成gbk,再取内容--%>
<% request.setCharacterEncoding("gbk"); %>
<jsp:useBean id="hello" class="bean.HelloBean" scope="request" >
<%--通过*来设置所有属性和输入参数之间的关联,struts中大量运用--%>
<jsp:setProperty name="hello" property="*" />
</jsp:useBean>
<html>
<head>
<title>HelloBean</title>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html;charset=gb2312">
</head>
<body bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
<p> </p>
<p align="center" >
<font size="4">欢迎
<font color="#0000FF">
<b>
<%--转码(终结解决方案):将hello对象中name属性的值用ISO8859_1编码格式以字节数组拿出,再转化成gbk格式---%>
<%--= new String(hello.getName().getBytes("ISO8859_1"),"gbk")--%>
</b>
</font>
<%--转码(终结解决方案):将hello对象中sex属性的值用ISO8859_1编码格式以字节数组拿出,再转化成gbk格式---%>
<%--= new String(hello.getSex().getBytes("ISO8859_1"),"gbk")--%>
</font>
</p>
<jsp:getProperty name="hello" property="name" />
<jsp:getProperty name="hello" property="sex" />
</body>
</html>
③HelloBean.java
package bean;
public class HelloBean {
private String name = "";
private String sex = "";
public HelloBean() {}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public String getSex() {
return sex;
}
public void setSex(String sex) {
this.sex = sex;
}
}