Pyhton对象解释
python的docstring提供了对每一个类、函数、方法的解释,在他们的定义下面可以有一行Python的标准字符串,该行字符串需要和下面的代码一样的缩进。
docstring可以用单引号(')或者双信号(")标注的Pyhton字符串,如果多行的话,可以使用(''')或者(""")标注起来。docstring应该要能准确总结出它所描述的类或者对象的用途,应该能解释用法不那么明确的参数,并且也包含如何使用这些API的例子。
如下使用了Point类来展示docstring的用法:
class Point: 'Represents a point in two-dimensional geometric coordinates' def __init__(self, x = 0, y = 0): '''Initialize the position of a new point, The x and y coordinates can be specified. If they are not, the point defaults to the origin.''' self.move(x, y) def move(self, x, y): "Move the point to a new location in two-dimensional space" self.x = x self.y = y def reset(self): 'Reset the point back to the geometric origin: 0,0' self.move(0, 0) def calcalate_distance(self, other_point): """Calculate the distance from this point to a second point passed as a parameter. This function uses the Pythagorean Theorem to calculate the distance between the two points. The distance is returned as a float.""" return math.sqrt( (self.x - other_point.x)**2 + (self.y - other_point.y)**2)
将上述的脚本保存为filename.py,然后使用python -i filename.py加载到交互解释器,然后在python的提示符里面输入help(Point),回车,可以看到漂亮的格式解释文档,如下
参考:
1、《Python3 面向对象编程》 [加]Dusty Philips 著