MW - 安装并启动Nginx

1 - Nginx简介

Nginx (engine x) 是一个高性能的轻量级的Web和反向代理服务器，同时也提供了IMAP/POP3/SMTP服务。
Nginx源代码以类BSD许可证的形式发布，特点是稳定性好、功能丰富、示例配置文件完整、占用资源少、并发能力强。

官网信息

HomePage： http://nginx.org/
Documentation： http://nginx.org/en/docs/
Download： http://nginx.org/en/download.html/

文件与目录

配置文件： /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
日志文件目录： /var/log/nginx/
nginx初始页面: /usr/share/nginx/目录下的index.html文件

2 - 安装Nginx

官网步骤：http://nginx.org/en/linux_packages.html#RHEL-CentOS

[Anliven@h202 ~]$ sudo vim /etc/yum.repos.d/nginx.repo
[Anliven@h202 ~]$ 
[Anliven@h202 ~]$ cat /etc/yum.repos.d/nginx.repo
[nginx-stable]
name=nginx stable repo
baseurl=http://nginx.org/packages/centos/$releasever/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
enabled=1
gpgkey=https://nginx.org/keys/nginx_signing.key
module_hotfixes=true
[nginx-mainline]
name=nginx mainline repo
baseurl=http://nginx.org/packages/mainline/centos/$releasever/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
enabled=0
gpgkey=https://nginx.org/keys/nginx_signing.key
module_hotfixes=true
[Anliven@h202 ~]$ 
[Anliven@h202 ~]$ sudo yum -y install nginx
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks
Determining fastest mirrors
 * base: mirrors.aliyun.com
 * extras: mirrors.163.com
 * updates: mirror.bit.edu.cn
......
......
......
  Verifying  : 1:nginx-1.16.1-1.el7.ngx.x86_64                                           1/1 
Installed:
  nginx.x86_64 1:1.16.1-1.el7.ngx                                                            
Complete!
[Anliven@h202 ~]$

3 - 配置Nginx

3.1 修改默认配置

配置文件： /etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf

[Anliven@h202 ~]$ cd /etc/nginx/conf.d/
[Anliven@h202 conf.d]$ pwd
/etc/nginx/conf.d
[Anliven@h202 conf.d]$ ll
total 4
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1093 Aug 13 23:02 default.conf
[Anliven@h202 conf.d]$ 
[Anliven@h202 conf.d]$ sudo vim default.conf 
[Anliven@h202 conf.d]$ cat default.conf |grep -v "#" |grep -Ev "^$"
server {
    listen       80;
    server_name  192.168.16.202;
    location / {
        root   /usr/share/nginx/html;
        index  index.html index.htm;
    }
    location = /favicon.ico {
        log_not_found off;
        access_log off;
    }
    error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
    location = /50x.html {
        root   /usr/share/nginx/html;
    }
}
[Anliven@h202 conf.d]$

3.2 修改Nginx配置文件

/etc/nginx/nginx.conf中user参数，修改为root

[Anliven@h202 ~]$ sudo vim /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
[Anliven@h202 ~]$ 
[Anliven@h202 ~]$ cat /etc/nginx/nginx.conf  |grep -v "#" |grep -Ev "^$"
user  root;
worker_processes  1;
error_log  /var/log/nginx/error.log warn;
pid        /var/run/nginx.pid;
events {
    worker_connections  1024;
}
http {
    include       /etc/nginx/mime.types;
    default_type  application/octet-stream;
    log_format  main  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
                      '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
                      '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';
    access_log  /var/log/nginx/access.log  main;
    sendfile        on;
    keepalive_timeout  65;
    include /etc/nginx/conf.d/*.conf;
}
[Anliven@h202 ~]$

3.3 确认防火墙状态并重启服务

[Anliven@h202 ~]$ sudo firewall-cmd --zone=public --permanent --add-port=80/tcp
success
[Anliven@h202 ~]$ sudo firewall-cmd --reload
success
[Anliven@h202 ~]$ sudo firewall-cmd --list-all
public (active)
  target: default
  icmp-block-inversion: no
  interfaces: enp0s3 enp0s8
  sources: 
  services: ssh dhcpv6-client
  ports: 80/tcp
  protocols: 
  masquerade: no
  forward-ports: 
  source-ports: 
  icmp-blocks: 
  rich rules: 
    
[Anliven@h202 ~]$  
[Anliven@h202 ~]$ cat /etc/selinux/config |grep "SELINUX=" |grep -v "#"
SELINUX=disabled
[Anliven@h202 ~]$ 
[Anliven@h202 ~]$ sudo service nginx restart
Redirecting to /bin/systemctl restart nginx.service
[Anliven@h202 ~]$

4 - 访问页面

在/usr/share/nginx/目录下的index.html文件，就是关于nginx介绍的页面

4.1 访问Nginx介绍页面

http://192.168.16.202/

4.2 修改Nginx介绍页面

[Anliven@h202 html]$ pwd
/usr/share/nginx/html
[Anliven@h202 html]$ 
[Anliven@h202 html]$ sudo vim index.html 
[Anliven@h202 html]$ cat index.html 
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>This is a test!</title>
<style>
    body {
        width: 35em;
        margin: 0 auto;
        font-family: Tahoma, Verdana, Arial, sans-serif;
    }
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Welcome to MyNginx!</h1>
<p>Action is the antidote to despair!</p>
<p>For online documentation and support please refer to
<a href="http://nginx.org/">nginx.org</a>.<br/>
Commercial support is available at
<a href="http://nginx.com/">nginx.com</a>.</p>
<p><em>Thank you for using nginx.</em></p>
</body>
</html>
[Anliven@h202 html]$

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