django基于restframework的CBV封装

一.models数据库映射

from django.db import models

# Create your models here.
class Book(models.Model):
    title=models.CharField(max_length=32)
    price=models.IntegerField()
    pub_date=models.DateField()
    publish=models.ForeignKey(to="Publish")
    authors=models.ManyToManyField(to="Author")
    def __str__(self):
        return self.title

class Publish(models.Model):
    name=models.CharField(max_length=32)
    email=models.EmailField()
    def __str__(self):
        return self.name

class Author(models.Model):
    name=models.CharField(max_length=32)
    age=models.IntegerField()
    def __str__(self):
        return self.name

二.serializers序列化

from rest_framework import serializers
from app01 import models
from rest_framework import exceptions


class BookSerialize(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    class Meta:
        model = models.Book
        fields = "__all__"

    publish = serializers.SerializerMethodField()
    authors = serializers.SerializerMethodField()

    def get_publish(self, obj):
        return {"publish_id": obj.publish.pk, "publish_name": obj.publish.name}

    def get_authors(self, obj):
        author_list = obj.authors.all()
        lis = [{"name": author.name, "age": author.age} for author in author_list]
        return lis

    def validate_title(self, value):
        if value.startswith("sb"):
            raise exceptions.ValidationError('你使用了不合适的文字')
        return value

三.url路由

from django.conf.urls import url
from django.contrib import admin
from app01 import views

urlpatterns = [
    url(r'^admin/', admin.site.urls),
    url(r'^books/$', views.Books.as_view()),
]

四.Views视图类

主要就是将CBV的几个get,post请求方法进行封装,以后创建其他的新的CBV,直接继承调用就可以了,可以减少代码冗余

from app01 import models
from rest_framework.response import Response
from rest_framework.views import APIView
from app01.serialize_module import BookSerialize

# 自定义一个response类,方便CBV使用
class MyResponse():
    def __init__(self):
        self.status = 100
        self.msg = None

    # 将类方法装饰成属性
    @property
    def get_dic(self):
        return self.__dict__


# 封装CBV类
# 将get请求封装在List类中
class List():
    def get_list(self, request,*args,**kwargs):
        response = MyResponse()
        try:
            handler_list = self.model.objects.all()
            handler_ser = self.serializer(instance=handler_list, many=True)
            response.handler = handler_ser.data
            response.msg = "获取成功"
        except Exception as e:
            response.msg="获取失败"
            response.error=str(e)
        return Response(response.get_dic)

# 将post请求封装在Create类中
class Create():
    def save(self, request,*args,**kwargs):
        response = MyResponse()
        try:
            handler_ser = self.serializer(data=request.data)
            if handler_ser.is_valid():
                handler_ser.save()
                response.msg = "添加成功"
            else:
                response.status = 101
                response.msg = "添加失败"
                response.error = handler_ser.errors
        except Exception as e:
            response.msg = "添加失败"
            response.error=str(e)
        return Response(response.get_dic)

# book类继承List,Create,APIView
class Books(List,Create,APIView):
    model=models.Book
    serializer=BookSerialize
    # 此时调用get方法时,只要使用List类中的get_list方法就行了
    def get(self,request):
        return self.get_list(request)

    # 此时调用post方法时,只要使用Create类中的save方法就行了
    def post(self,request):
        return self.save(request)