Centos下安装nginx步骤解析
最近研究LNMP,首先要在linux下配置nginx服务器,话不多说,上步骤
1、编译环境gcc g++ 开发库之类的需要提前装好
yum -y install make zlib zlib-devel gcc-c++ libtool openssl openssl-devel
2、首先安装PCRE pcre功能是让nginx有rewrite功能
下载PCRE:wget http://downloads.sourceforge.net/project/pcre/pcre/8.35/pcre-8.35.tar.gz
解压安装包:tar zxvf pcre-8.35.tar.gz
进入安装包目录:cd pcre-8.35
编译:./configure
安装:make && make install
查看安装版本:pcre-config --version 如果出现版本号,说明安装成功
检查系统里是否安装了pcre软件
rpm -qa pcre 如果没有显示说明没有安装 反之安装过
rpm -e --nodeps pcre 删除pcre
3、安装nginx
下载nginx:wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.6.2.tar.gz
解压安装包: tar zxvf nginx-1.6.2.tar.gz
进入安装包目录:cd nginx-1.6.2
编译安装:./configure 默认地址 /usr/local/nginx
安装:make
安装:make install
注:
第一次编译的时候:
使用64位的系统第一次编译安装出现
error while loading shared libraries: libpcre.so.1: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory这种情况,nginx默认是在lib64下,32为的是在lib下
查找:find / -name 'libpcre.so.1' 出现 /usr/local/lib/libpcre.so.1,我们建立以符号链接:ln -s /usr/local/lib/libpcre.so.1 /lib64/libpcre.so.1
这样可以查看nginx版本 /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -v 出现版本号
4、nginx配置
cd /usr/local/nginx/conf ,把下面的内容覆盖到nginx.conf,内容从菜鸟网站上搜索的
user www www; worker_processes 2; #设置值和CPU核心数一致 error_log /usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx_error.log crit; #日志位置和日志级别 pid /usr/local/nginx/nginx.pid; #Specifies the value for maximum file descriptors that can be opened by this process. worker_rlimit_nofile 65535; events { use epoll; worker_connections 65535; } http { include mime.types; default_type application/octet-stream; log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" ' '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" ' '"$http_user_agent" $http_x_forwarded_for'; #charset gb2312; server_names_hash_bucket_size 128; client_header_buffer_size 32k; large_client_header_buffers 4 32k; client_max_body_size 8m; sendfile on; tcp_nopush on; keepalive_timeout 60; tcp_nodelay on; fastcgi_connect_timeout 300; fastcgi_send_timeout 300; fastcgi_read_timeout 300; fastcgi_buffer_size 64k; fastcgi_buffers 4 64k; fastcgi_busy_buffers_size 128k; fastcgi_temp_file_write_size 128k; gzip on; gzip_min_length 1k; gzip_buffers 4 16k; gzip_http_version 1.0; gzip_comp_level 2; gzip_types text/plain application/x-javascript text/css application/xml; gzip_vary on; #limit_zone crawler $binary_remote_addr 10m; #下面是server虚拟主机的配置 server { listen 80;#监听端口 server_name localhost;#域名 index index.html index.htm index.php; root /usr/local/nginx/html;#站点目录 location ~ .*\.(php|php5)?$ { #fastcgi_pass unix:/tmp/php-cgi.sock; fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000; fastcgi_index index.php; include fastcgi.conf; } location ~ .*\.(gif|jpg|jpeg|png|bmp|swf|ico)$ { expires 30d; # access_log off; } location ~ .*\.(js|css)?$ { expires 15d; # access_log off; } access_log off; } }
可以检测配置的是否正确
/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t
说明配置成功
5、启动nginx
启动的时候有报错,如下
nginx: [emerg] bind() to 0.0.0.0:80 failed (98: Address already in use)
nginx: [emerg] bind() to 0.0.0.0:80 failed (98: Address already in use)
nginx: [emerg] bind() to 0.0.0.0:80 failed (98: Address already in use)
nginx: [emerg] bind() to 0.0.0.0:80 failed (98: Address already in use)...
这说明80接口有被占用,查看接口
netstat -ntpl
kill -9 $pid //杀掉进程
再次启动
/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
停止服务器
/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s stop 或 /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s quick
网页访问 127.0.0.1
至此,安装配置完成!
在学习过程中配到问题:
1、在下载安装pcre和nginx中,要用root身份,一般下载到/usr/local/src/,下载到其他地方配置呢?(测试几次没成功)
2、菜鸟网站中编译nginx的时候 配置安装地址
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/webserver/nginx --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_ssl_module --with-pcre=/usr/local/src/pcre-8.35
编译不成功?(配置安装路径应该没问题,编译的时候报pcrelib.so.0不存在,安装的时候webserver文件没有建立成功,想着应该还是和64位的配置文件路径有关系,有待验证)
6、卸载nginx
删除nginx文件即可
rm -rf /usr/local/nginx