上一篇博客,Android-解析JSON数据(JSON对象/JSON数组)介绍了使用 org.json.JSONArray;/org.json.JSONObject; 来解析JSON数据;

 

Google Android 还提供来另外一种方式来解析JSON数据,那就是Gson;

Gson是非常方便的JSON解析/封装/处理等等,强大的工具类:

  特点:Gson可以把JSON对象数据->转换映射为Bean对象

       Gson可以把JSON数组数据->转换映射为集合

     Gson可以把Bean对象->转换为JSON对象数据

     Gson可以把集合->转换为JSON数组数据

        ........... 

 

首先要在app/build.gradle配置文件中,导入,Gson支持包

// Gson支持包的导入
implementation 'com.google.code.gson:gson:2.6.2'

 


 

需要解析的JSON数据:

/data/data/liudeli.mynetwork01/files/pottingJSON1

{
    "name":"李四",
    "age":99,
    "hobby":"爱好是练习截拳道"
}

 

/data/data/liudeli.mynetwork01/files/pottingJSONArray1

[
    {
        "name":"君君",
        "age":89,
        "sex":"男"
    },
    {
        "name":"小君",
        "age":99,
        "sex":"女"
    },
    {
        "name":"大君",
        "age":88,
        "sex":"男"
    }
]

 

定义一个Bean
定义的name/age/hobby 必须要和JSON数据里面的一模一样 

package liudeli.mynetwork01.entity;

/**
 * 定义一个Bean
 * 定义的name/age/hobby 必须要和JSON数据里面的一模一样
 * {
 *     "name":"李四",
 *     "age":99,
 *     "hobby":"爱好是练习截拳道"
 * }
 */
public class Student2 {

    private String name;
    private int age;
    private String hobby;

    public Student2(String name, int age, String hobby) {
        this.name = name;
        this.age = age;
        this.hobby = hobby;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Student{" +
                "name='" + name + '\'' +
                ", age=" + age +
                ", hobby='" + hobby + '\'' +
                '}';
    }
}

  

定义的name/age/sex 必须要和JSON数据里面的一模一样

package liudeli.mynetwork01.entity;

/**
 * 定义一个Bean
 * 定义的name/age/sex 必须要和JSON数据里面的一模一样
 *
 * [
 *     {
 *         "name":"君君",
 *         "age":89,
 *         "sex":"男"
 *     },
 *     {
 *         "name":"小君",
 *         "age":99,
 *         "sex":"女"
 *     },
 *     {
 *         "name":"大君",
 *         "age":88,
 *         "sex":"男"
 *     }
 * ]
 */
public class Student {

    private String name;
    private int age;
    private String sex;

    public Student(String name, int age, String sex) {
        this.name = name;
        this.age = age;
        this.sex = sex;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Student{" +
                "name='" + name + '\'' +
                ", age=" + age +
                ", sex='" + sex + '\'' +
                '}';
    }
}

 

GsonAnalyzeJSONActivity.java

package liudeli.mynetwork01;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.View;

import com.google.gson.Gson;
import com.google.gson.reflect.TypeToken;

import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.util.List;

import liudeli.mynetwork01.entity.Student;
import liudeli.mynetwork01.entity.Student2;

public class GsonAnalyzeJSONActivity extends Activity {

    private final String TAG = GsonAnalyzeJSONActivity.class.getSimpleName();

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);

        setContentView(R.layout.activity_gson_analyze);
    }

    /**
     * Gson解析JSON对象
     * {
     *     "name":"李四",
     *     "age":99,
     *     "hobby":"爱好是练习截拳道"
     * }
     */
    public void gonsAnalyzeJSONObject(View view) {
       String jsonData = readFile("pottingJSON1");
       // Log.d(TAG, "jsonData:" + jsonData);

       Gson gson = new Gson();
       Student2 student2 = gson.fromJson(jsonData, Student2.class);
       Log.d(TAG, "gonsAnalyzeJSONObject 解析后的结果:" + student2.toString());
    }

    /**
     * Gson解析JSON数组
     * [
     *     {
     *         "name":"君君",
     *         "age":89,
     *         "sex":"男"
     *     },
     *     {
     *         "name":"小君",
     *         "age":99,
     *         "sex":"女"
     *     },
     *     {
     *         "name":"大君",
     *         "age":88,
     *         "sex":"男"
     *     }
     * ]
     * @param view
     */
    public void gonsAnalyzeJSONArray(View view) {
        String jsonData = readFile("pottingJSONArray1");
        // Log.d(TAG, "jsonData:" + jsonData);

        Gson gson = new Gson();

        /**
         * TypeToken<List<需要映射的Bean对象>>(){}.getType()
         */
        List<Student> list = gson.fromJson(jsonData, new TypeToken<List<Student>>(){}.getType()); // 参数二:需要指定类型,类型来决定解析的集合

        for (Student student: list) {
            Log.d(TAG, "gonsAnalyzeJSONArray 解析后的结果:" + student.toString());
        }

    }

    /**
     * 读取文件里面的字符串
     * @param fileName
     * @return
     */
    private String readFile(String fileName) {
        String result = null;
        try {
            InputStream inputStream = openFileInput(fileName);

            ByteArrayOutputStream baos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();

            byte[] bytes = new byte[inputStream.available()];

            inputStream.read(bytes);

            baos.write(bytes, 0,bytes.length);

            result = new String(baos.toByteArray());

            baos.close();
            inputStream.close();

        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return result;
    }
}

 

activity_gson_analyze.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout
    xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:orientation="vertical"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent">

    <Button
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="Gson解析JSON对象"
        android:onClick="gonsAnalyzeJSONObject"
        />

    <Button
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="Gson解析JSON数组"
        android:onClick="gonsAnalyzeJSONArray"
        />

</LinearLayout>

 

日志的打印:

使用Gson解析,JSON对象数据:

12-23 23:00:52.108 9729-9729/liudeli.mynetwork01 D/GsonAnalyzeJSONActivity: gonsAnalyzeJSONObject 解析后的结果:Student{name='李四', age=99, hobby='爱好是练习截拳道'}

 

使用Gson解析,JSON数组数据:

12-23 23:00:53.199 9729-9729/liudeli.mynetwork01 D/GsonAnalyzeJSONActivity: gonsAnalyzeJSONArray 解析后的结果:Student{name='君君', age=89, sex='男'}
12-23 23:00:53.199 9729-9729/liudeli.mynetwork01 D/GsonAnalyzeJSONActivity: gonsAnalyzeJSONArray 解析后的结果:Student{name='小君', age=99, sex='女'}
12-23 23:00:53.199 9729-9729/liudeli.mynetwork01 D/GsonAnalyzeJSONActivity: gonsAnalyzeJSONArray 解析后的结果:Student{name='大君', age=88, sex='男'}