微信公众平台向特定用户推送消息
一、首先需要将微信的openid与系统用户绑定。
在用户关注公众平台的时候，回复一个链接，要求用户绑定，可以设计如下消息进行回复，（openid最好进行加密处理，后者还需要用这个字段绑定fakeid）。
欢迎关注有问必答平台,<a href='http://myweixin123.duapp.com/bind.html?openid=@openid'>点击此处进行用户绑定</a>! |
在bind.html页面将openid与系统的usercode进行绑定，这个绑定过程非常简单，这里不详叙述。
二、将openid与fakeid进行绑定
微信公众平台是一回一答的模式；但是在微信公众平台后台，可以向特定用户进行消息发送。我们利用这个机制使用代码去模拟这个过程来实现消息推送。
首先需要模拟登录：
using System;using System.Collections.Generic;using System.Linq;using System.Web;using System.Security.Cryptography;using System.Text;using System.Net;using System.IO;using System.Security.Authentication;using System.Security.Cryptography.X509Certificates;/// <summary>///WeiXinLogin 的摘要说明/// </summary>public class WeiXinLogin{ /// <summary> /// MD5 32位加密 /// </summary> /// <param name="str"></param> /// <returns></returns> static string GetMd5Str32(string str) { MD5CryptoServiceProvider md5Hasher = new MD5CryptoServiceProvider(); // Convert the input string to a byte array and compute the hash. char[] temp = str.ToCharArray(); byte[] buf = new byte[temp.Length]; for (int i = 0; i < temp.Length; i++) { buf[i] = (byte)temp[i]; } byte[] data = md5Hasher.ComputeHash(buf); // Create a new Stringbuilder to collect the bytes // and create a string. StringBuilder sBuilder = new StringBuilder(); // Loop through each byte of the hashed data // and format each one as a hexadecimal string. for (int i = 0; i < data.Length; i++) { sBuilder.Append(data[i].ToString("x2")); } // Return the hexadecimal string. return sBuilder.ToString(); } public static bool ExecLogin(string name,string pass) { bool result = false; string password = GetMd5Str32(pass).ToUpper(); string padata = "username=" + name + "&pwd=" + password + "&imgcode=&f=json"; string url = "https://mp.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/login?lang=zh_CN ";//请求登录的URL try { CookieContainer cc = new CookieContainer();//接收缓存 byte[] byteArray = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(padata); // 转化 HttpWebRequest webRequest2 = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(url); //新建一个WebRequest对象用来请求或者响应url ServicePointManager.CertificatePolicy = new AcceptAllCertificatePolicy(); webRequest2.CookieContainer = cc; //保存cookie webRequest2.Method = "POST"; //请求方式是POST webRequest2.UserAgent = "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/30.0.1599.69 Safari/537.36"; webRequest2.Referer = "https://mp.weixin.qq.com/"; webRequest2.ContentType = "application/x-www-form-urlencoded"; //请求的内容格式为application/x-www-form-urlencoded webRequest2.ContentLength = byteArray.Length; Stream newStream = webRequest2.GetRequestStream(); //返回用于将数据写入 Internet 资源的 Stream。 // Send the data. newStream.Write(byteArray, 0, byteArray.Length); //写入参数 newStream.Close(); HttpWebResponse response2 = (HttpWebResponse)webRequest2.GetResponse(); StreamReader sr2 = new StreamReader(response2.GetResponseStream(), Encoding.Default); string text2 = sr2.ReadToEnd(); //此处用到了newtonsoft来序列化 WeiXinRetInfo retinfo = Newtonsoft.Json.JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<WeiXinRetInfo>(text2); string token = string.Empty; if (retinfo.ErrMsg.Length > 0) { token = retinfo.ErrMsg.Split(new char[] { '&' })[2].Split(new char[] { '=' })[1].ToString();//取得令牌 LoginInfo.LoginCookie = cc; LoginInfo.CreateDate = DateTime.Now; LoginInfo.Token = token; result = true; } } catch (Exception ex) { throw new Exception(ex.StackTrace); } return result; } public static class LoginInfo { /// <summary> /// 登录后得到的令牌 /// </summary> public static string Token { get; set; } /// <summary> /// 登录后得到的cookie /// </summary> public static CookieContainer LoginCookie { get; set; } /// <summary> /// 创建时间 /// </summary> public static DateTime CreateDate { get; set; } } internal class AcceptAllCertificatePolicy : ICertificatePolicy { public AcceptAllCertificatePolicy() { } public bool CheckValidationResult(ServicePoint sPoint, X509Certificate cert, WebRequest wRequest, int certProb) { // Always accept return true; } } } |
获取fakeid
public static ArrayList SubscribeMP(){ try { CookieContainer cookie = null; string token = null; cookie = WeiXinLogin.LoginInfo.LoginCookie;//取得cookie token = WeiXinLogin.LoginInfo.Token;//取得token /*获取用户信息的url，这里有几个参数给大家讲一下，1.token此参数为上面的token 2.pagesize此参数为每一页显示的记录条数 3.pageid为当前的页数，4.groupid为微信公众平台的用户分组的组id，当然这也是我的猜想不一定正确*/ string Url = "https://mp.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/contactmanage?t=user/index&pagesize=10&pageidx=0&type=0&groupid=0&token=" + token + "&lang=zh_CN"; HttpWebRequest webRequest2 = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(Url); webRequest2.CookieContainer = cookie; webRequest2.ContentType = "text/html; charset=UTF-8"; webRequest2.Method = "GET"; webRequest2.UserAgent = "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 5.1; rv:2.0.1) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/4.0.1"; webRequest2.ContentType = "application/x-www-form-urlencoded"; HttpWebResponse response2 = (HttpWebResponse)webRequest2.GetResponse(); StreamReader sr2 = new StreamReader(response2.GetResponseStream(), Encoding.Default); string text2 = sr2.ReadToEnd(); MatchCollection mc; //由于此方法获取过来的信息是一个html网页所以此处使用了正则表达式，注意：（此正则表达式只是获取了fakeid的信息如果想获得一些其他的信息修改此处的正则表达式就可以了。） Regex r = new Regex("\"id\"\\:\\d+,\"nick_name\""); //定义一个Regex对象实例 mc = r.Matches(text2); Int32 friendSum = mc.Count; //好友总数 string fackID = ""; ArrayList fackID1 = new ArrayList(); for (int i = 0; i < friendSum; i++) { //"id":208989515,"nick_name" fackID = mc[i].Value.Replace(",\"nick_name\"", "").Split(new char[] { ':' })[1]; fackID = fackID.Replace("\"", "").Trim(); fackID1.Add(fackID); } return fackID1; } catch (Exception ex) { throw new Exception(ex.StackTrace); }} |
根据fakeid获取openid
public static string GetOpenidByFakeid(string fakeid)
{
try
{
CookieContainer cookie = null;
string token = null;
cookie = WeiXinLogin.LoginInfo.LoginCookie;//取得cookie
token = WeiXinLogin.LoginInfo.Token;//取得token
string Url = "https://mp.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/singlemsgpage?msgid=&source=&count=20&t=wxm-singlechat&fromfakeid=" + fakeid + "&token=" + token + "&lang=zh_CN";
HttpWebRequest webRequest2 = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(Url);
webRequest2.CookieContainer = cookie;
webRequest2.ContentType = "text/html; charset=UTF-8";
webRequest2.Method = "GET";
webRequest2.UserAgent = "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 5.1; rv:2.0.1) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/4.0.1";
webRequest2.ContentType = "application/x-www-form-urlencoded";
HttpWebResponse response2 = (HttpWebResponse)webRequest2.GetResponse();
StreamReader sr2 = new StreamReader(response2.GetResponseStream(), Encoding.UTF8);
string text2 = sr2.ReadToEnd();
HtmlDocument doc = new HtmlDocument();
doc.LoadHtml(text2);
var str = doc.GetElementbyId("json-msgList").InnerHtml;
JArray messages = JArray.Parse(str);
foreach (var message in messages)
{
string strContent = HttpUtility.HtmlDecode(message["content"].ToString());
Regex reg = new Regex(@"(?is)<a[^>]*?href=(['""\s]?)(?<href>[^'""\s]*)\1[^>]*?>");
MatchCollection match = reg.Matches(strContent);
var href = "";
foreach (Match m in match)
{
href = m.Groups["href"].Value;
}
var openid = GetUrlParamValue(href, "openid");
if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(openid))
return openid;
}
return "";
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
return "";
}
}
由于之前有建立openid与usercode的关系，所以可以根据usercode找到openid，又可以根据openid找到fakeid。使用下面代码进行推送：
public static bool SendMessage(string Message, string fakeid){ bool result = false; CookieContainer cookie = null; string token = null; cookie = WeiXinLogin.LoginInfo.LoginCookie;//取得cookie token = WeiXinLogin.LoginInfo.Token;//取得token string strMsg = System.Web.HttpUtility.UrlEncode(Message); //对传递过来的信息进行url编码 string padate = "type=1&content=" + strMsg + "&error=false&tofakeid=" + fakeid + "&token=" + token + "&ajax=1"; string url = "https://mp.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/singlesend?t=ajax-response&lang=zh_CN"; byte[] byteArray = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(padate); // 转化 HttpWebRequest webRequest2 = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(url); webRequest2.CookieContainer = cookie; //登录时得到的缓存 webRequest2.Referer = "https://mp.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/singlemsgpage?token=" + token + "&fromfakeid=" + fakeid + "&msgid=&source=&count=20&t=wxm-singlechat&lang=zh_CN"; webRequest2.Method = "POST"; webRequest2.UserAgent = "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 5.1; rv:2.0.1) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/4.0.1"; webRequest2.ContentType = "application/x-www-form-urlencoded"; webRequest2.ContentLength = byteArray.Length; Stream newStream = webRequest2.GetRequestStream(); // Send the data. newStream.Write(byteArray, 0, byteArray.Length); //写入参数 newStream.Close(); HttpWebResponse response2 = (HttpWebResponse)webRequest2.GetResponse(); StreamReader sr2 = new StreamReader(response2.GetResponseStream(), Encoding.Default); string text2 = sr2.ReadToEnd(); if (text2.Contains("ok")) { result = true; } return result;} |
可以写一个长期运行的windows服务用于建立fakeid和openid的关系，这里不再详诉。
