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云智慧(北京)科技有限公司  陈鑫

 

是的,一个线程不能够启动两次。那么它是怎么判断的呢?

public synchronized void start() {

        /**

         * A zero status valuecorresponds to state "NEW".    0对应的是state NEW

         */

        if (threadStatus!= 0)    //如果不是NEW state,就直接抛出异常!

            throw newIllegalThreadStateException();

        group.add(this);

        boolean started = false;

        try {

            start0();    // 启动线程的native方法

            started = true;

        } finally {

            try {

               if (!started) {

                   group.threadStartFailed(this);

                }

            } catch(Throwable ignore) {

            }

        }

    }

恩,只有是NEW状态才能够调用native方法启动一个线程。好吧,到这里了,就普及也自补一下jvm里的线程状态:

所有的线程状态::

l  NEW —— 还没有启动过

l  RUNNABLE  —— 正在jvm上运行着

l  BLOCKED  —— 正在等待锁/信号量被释放

l  WAITING  —— 等待其他某个线程的某个特定动作

l  TIMED_WAITING —— A thread that iswaiting for another thread to perform an action for up to a specified waitingtime is in this state.

l  TERMINATED —— 退出,停止

线程在某个时间点上只可能存在一种状态,这些状态是jvm里的,并不反映操作系统线程的状态。查一下Thread的API,没有对其状态进行修改的API。那么这条路是不通的吗?

仔细考虑一下……

如果把任务做成Runnable实现类,然后在把这个实现类丢进线程池调度器之前,利用此Runnable构造一个Thread,是不是这个Thread对象就能够控制这个runnable对象,进而控制在线程池中运行着的task了呢?非也!让我们看看Thread和ThreadPoolExecutor对Runnable的处理吧。

 Thread

    /* What will berun. */

private Runnabletarget;

结合上面的start()方法,很容易猜出,start0()会把target弄成一个线程来进行运行。

 ThreadPoolExecutor

public void execute(Runnable command){

        if (command== null)

            thrownew NullPointerException();

        int c =ctl.get();

        if(workerCountOf(c) < corePoolSize) {

            if (addWorker(command, true))

               return;

            c =ctl.get();

        }

        if(isRunning(c) && workQueue.offer(command)) {

            intrecheck = ctl.get();

            if (!isRunning(recheck) && remove(command))

               reject(command);

            else if(workerCountOf(recheck) == 0)

               addWorker(null, false);

        }

        else if (!addWorker(command, false))

           reject(command);

}

 

private boolean addWorker(RunnablefirstTask, boolean core) {

        …

        booleanworkerStarted = false;

        booleanworkerAdded = false;

        Worker w =null;

        try {

            finalReentrantLock mainLock = this.mainLock;

            w = newWorker(firstTask);

            finalThread t = w.thread;

            if (t!= null) {

               mainLock.lock();

                try{

                   int c = ctl.get();

                   int rs = runStateOf(c);

 

                   if (rs < SHUTDOWN ||

                       (rs == SHUTDOWN && firstTask == null)) {

                       if (t.isAlive()) // precheck that t is startable

                            throw newIllegalThreadStateException();

workers.add(w);

                       int s = workers.size();

                       if (s > largestPoolSize)

                            largestPoolSize =s;

                       workerAdded = true;

                   }

                }finally {

                   mainLock.unlock();

                }

                if(workerAdded) {

t.start();

                   workerStarted = true;

                }

            }

        } finally {

            if (!workerStarted)

               addWorkerFailed(w);

        }

        return workerStarted;

    }

那么Worker又是怎样的呢?

 Worker

private final class Worker

        extendsAbstractQueuedSynchronizer

        implementsRunnable

    {

        finalThread thread;

        RunnablefirstTask;

        volatilelong completedTasks;

       Worker(Runnable firstTask) {

           setState(-1); //调用runWorker之前不可以interrupt

           this.firstTask = firstTask;

           this.thread = getThreadFactory().newThread(this);

        }

        public voidrun() {

           runWorker(this);

        }

           ……   

           …….

        voidinterruptIfStarted() {

            Threadt;

            if(getState() >= 0 && (t = thread) != null &&!t.isInterrupted()) {

                try{

t.interrupt();

                }catch (SecurityException ignore) {

                }

            }

        }

    }

可见worker里既包装了Runnable对象——task,又包装了一个Thread对象——以自己作为初始化参数,因为worker也是Runnable对象。然后对外提供了运行与停止接口,run()和interruptIfStarted()。回顾上面使用Thread的例子不禁有了新的领悟,我们把一个Thread对象交给ThreadPoolExecutor执行后,实际的调用是对Thread(FileTask())对象,我们暂时称之为workerWrapper。那么我们在池外进行FileTask.interrupt()操作影响的是FileTask对象,而不是workerWrapper。所以可能上面对于start()方法二次调用不是特别适当。更恰当的应该是在fileTask.interrupt()的时候就跑出异常,因为从来没有对fileTask对象执行过start()方法,这时候去interrupt就会出现错误。具体如下图:

                            

分析到此,我们已经明确除了调用ThreadPoolExecutor了的interruptWorkers()方法别无其他途径操作这些worker了。

private void interruptWorkers() {

        finalReentrantLock mainLock = this.mainLock;

       mainLock.lock();

        try {

            for(Worker w : workers)

w.interruptIfStarted();

        } finally {

           mainLock.unlock();

        }

}

posted on 2015-07-08 11:09  云智慧  阅读(1469)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报