File的相关方法代码实例
1:Java多种读取文件的方式
- import java.io.BufferedReader;
- import java.io.File;
- import java.io.FileInputStream;
- import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
- import java.io.FileReader;
- import java.io.IOException;
- import java.io.InputStream;
- import java.io.InputStreamReader;
- import java.io.RandomAccessFile;
- import java.io.Reader;
- public class MultiJavaReadFiles {
- /**
- * 以字节为单位读取文件,常用于读二进制文件,例如图片、声音、影像等文件
- * @param fileName
- */
- private static void readFileByBytes(String fileName) {
- File file = new File(fileName);
- InputStream in = null;
- try {
- System.out.println("以字节为单位读取文件内容,一次读一个字节:");
- in = new FileInputStream(file);
- int tempbyte;
- while((tempbyte = in.read()) != -1) {
- System.out.println(tempbyte);
- }
- in.close();
- } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
- e.printStackTrace();
- } catch (IOException e) {
- e.printStackTrace();
- }
- try {
- System.out.println("以字节为单位读取文件内容,一次读多个字节:");
- byte[] tempbytes = new byte[100];
- int byteread = 0;
- in = new FileInputStream(file);
- //读取多个字节到数组中,byteread为一次读入的字节数
- while((byteread = in.read(tempbytes)) != -1) {
- System.out.write(tempbytes, 0, byteread);
- }
- } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
- e.printStackTrace();
- } catch (IOException e) {
- e.printStackTrace();
- } finally {
- if(in != null) {
- try {
- in.close();
- } catch (IOException e) {
- e.printStackTrace();
- }
- }
- }
- }
- /**
- * 按字符读文件,常用于读文本,数字等类型文件
- * @param fileName
- */
- private static void readFileByChars(String fileName) {
- File file = new File(fileName);
- Reader reader = null;
- try {
- System.out.println("以字符为单位读取文件内容,一次读取一个字符:");
- //一次读一个字符
- reader = new InputStreamReader(new FileInputStream(file));
- int tempchar;
- while((tempchar = reader.read()) != -1) {
- //对于windows下,rn这两个字符在一起时,表示一个换行。
- //但如果这两个字符分开显示时,会换两次行。
- //因此,屏蔽掉r,或者屏蔽n。否则,将会多出很多空行。
- if((char)tempchar != 'r') {
- System.out.println((char)tempchar);
- }
- reader.close();
- }
- } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
- e.printStackTrace();
- } catch (IOException e) {
- e.printStackTrace();
- }
- try {
- System.out.println("以字符为单位读取文件内容,一次读取多个字符:");
- char[] tempchars = new char[30];
- int charread = 0;
- reader = new InputStreamReader(new FileInputStream(file));
- //读入多个字符到字符数组中,charread为一次读取字符数
- //read(char[] tempchars)方法把字符读入数组,并且返回读取的字符数,如果已到达流的末尾,则返回 -1
- while((charread = reader.read(tempchars)) != -1) {
- //屏蔽掉r不显示
- if((charread == tempchars.length) && (tempchars[tempchars.length - 1]) != -1) {
- System.out.println(tempchars);
- } else {
- for(int i=0; i<charread; i++) {
- if(tempchars[i] == 'r') {
- continue;
- } else {
- System.out.println(tempchars[i]);
- }
- }
- }
- }
- } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
- e.printStackTrace();
- } catch (IOException e) {
- e.printStackTrace();
- } finally {
- if(reader != null) {
- try {
- reader.close();
- } catch (IOException e) {
- e.printStackTrace();
- }
- }
- }
- }
- /**
- * 以行为单位读取文件,常用于读面向行的格式化文件
- * @param fileName 文件名
- */
- public static void readFileByLines(String fileName) {
- File file = new File(fileName);
- BufferedReader reader = null;
- try {
- System.out.println("以行为单位读取文件内容,一次读一整行:");
- reader = new BufferedReader(new FileReader(file));
- String tempString = null;
- int line = 1;
- // 一次读入一行,直到读入null为文件结束
- while ((tempString = reader.readLine()) != null) {
- // 显示行号
- System.out.println("line " + line + ": " + tempString);
- line++;
- }
- reader.close();
- } catch (IOException e) {
- e.printStackTrace();
- } finally {
- if (reader != null) {
- try {
- reader.close();
- } catch (IOException e1) {
- }
- }
- }
- }
- /**
- * 随机读取文件内容
- * @param fileName 文件名
- */
- public static void readFileByRandomAccess(String fileName) {
- RandomAccessFile randomFile = null;
- try {
- System.out.println("随机读取一段文件内容:");
- // 打开一个随机访问文件流,按只读方式
- randomFile = new RandomAccessFile(fileName, "r");
- // 文件长度,字节数
- long fileLength = randomFile.length();
- // 读文件的起始位置
- int beginIndex = (fileLength > 4) ? 4 : 0;
- // 将读文件的开始位置移到beginIndex位置。
- randomFile.seek(beginIndex);
- byte[] bytes = new byte[10];
- int byteread = 0;
- // 一次读10个字节,如果文件内容不足10个字节,则读剩下的字节。
- // 将一次读取的字节数赋给byteread
- while ((byteread = randomFile.read(bytes)) != -1) {
- System.out.write(bytes, 0, byteread);
- }
- } catch (IOException e) {
- e.printStackTrace();
- } finally {
- if (randomFile != null) {
- try {
- randomFile.close();
- } catch (IOException e1) {
- }
- }
- }
- }
- /**
- * 显示输入流中还剩的字节数
- * @param in
- */
- private static void showAvailableBytes(InputStream in) {
- try {
- System.out.println("当前字节输入流中的字节数为:" + in.available());
- } catch (IOException e) {
- e.printStackTrace();
- }
- }
- public static void main(String[] args) {
- String fileName = "C:/temp/newTemp.txt";
- MultiJavaReadFiles.readFileByBytes(fileName);
- MultiJavaReadFiles.readFileByChars(fileName);
- MultiJavaReadFiles.readFileByLines(fileName);
- MultiJavaReadFiles.readFileByRandomAccess(fileName);
- }
- }
2 Java对文件的操作/列出目录以及下面的所有文件
- import java.io.*;
- public class FileOperate {
- public FileOperate() {
- }
- /**
- * 新建目录
- *
- * @param folderPath
- * String 如 c:/fqf
- * @return boolean
- */
- public void newFolder(String folderPath) {
- try {
- String filePath = folderPath;
- filePath = filePath.toString();
- java.io.File myFilePath = new java.io.File(filePath);
- if (!myFilePath.exists()) {
- myFilePath.mkdir();
- }
- } catch (Exception e) {
- System.out.println("新建目录操作出错 ");
- e.printStackTrace();
- }
- }
- /**
- * 新建文件
- *
- * @param filePathAndName
- * String 文件路径及名称 如c:/fqf.txt
- * @param fileContent
- * String 文件内容
- * @return boolean
- */
- public void newFile(String filePathAndName, String fileContent) {
- try {
- String filePath = filePathAndName;
- filePath = filePath.toString();
- File myFilePath = new File(filePath);
- if (!myFilePath.exists()) {
- myFilePath.createNewFile();
- }
- FileWriter resultFile = new FileWriter(myFilePath);
- PrintWriter myFile = new PrintWriter(resultFile);
- String strContent = fileContent;
- myFile.println(strContent);
- resultFile.close();
- } catch (Exception e) {
- System.out.println("新建目录操作出错 ");
- e.printStackTrace();
- }
- }
- /**
- * 删除文件
- *
- * @param filePathAndName
- * String 文件路径及名称 如c:/fqf.txt
- * @param fileContent
- * String
- * @return boolean
- */
- public void delFile(String filePathAndName) {
- try {
- String filePath = filePathAndName;
- filePath = filePath.toString();
- java.io.File myDelFile = new java.io.File(filePath);
- myDelFile.delete();
- } catch (Exception e) {
- System.out.println("删除文件操作出错 ");
- e.printStackTrace();
- }
- }
- /**
- * 删除文件夹
- *
- * @param filePathAndName
- * String 文件夹路径及名称 如c:/fqf
- * @param fileContent
- * String
- * @return boolean
- */
- public void delFolder(String folderPath) {
- try {
- delAllFile(folderPath); // 删除完里面所有内容
- String filePath = folderPath;
- filePath = filePath.toString();
- java.io.File myFilePath = new java.io.File(filePath);
- myFilePath.delete(); // 删除空文件夹
- } catch (Exception e) {
- System.out.println("删除文件夹操作出错 ");
- e.printStackTrace();
- }
- }
- /**
- * 删除文件夹里面的所有文件
- *
- * @param path
- * String 文件夹路径 如 c:/fqf
- */
- public void delAllFile(String path) {
- File file = new File(path);
- if (!file.exists()) {
- return;
- }
- if (!file.isDirectory()) {
- return;
- }
- String[] tempList = file.list();
- File temp = null;
- for (int i = 0; i < tempList.length; i++) {
- if (path.endsWith(File.separator)) {
- temp = new File(path + tempList[i]);
- } else {
- temp = new File(path + File.separator + tempList[i]);
- }
- if (temp.isFile()) {
- temp.delete();
- }
- if (temp.isDirectory()) {
- delAllFile(path + "/ " + tempList[i]);// 先删除文件夹里面的文件
- delFolder(path + "/ " + tempList[i]);// 再删除空文件夹
- }
- }
- }
- /**
- * 复制单个文件
- *
- * @param oldPath
- * String 原文件路径 如:c:/fqf.txt
- * @param newPath
- * String 复制后路径 如:f:/fqf.txt
- * @return boolean
- */
- public void copyFile(String oldPath, String newPath) {
- try {
- int bytesum = 0;
- int byteread = 0;
- File oldfile = new File(oldPath);
- if (oldfile.exists()) { // 文件存在时
- InputStream inStream = new FileInputStream(oldPath); // 读入原文件
- FileOutputStream fs = new FileOutputStream(newPath);
- byte[] buffer = new byte[1444];
- int length;
- while ((byteread = inStream.read(buffer)) != -1) {
- bytesum += byteread; // 字节数 文件大小
- System.out.println(bytesum);
- fs.write(buffer, 0, byteread);
- }
- inStream.close();
- }
- } catch (Exception e) {
- System.out.println("复制单个文件操作出错 ");
- e.printStackTrace();
- }
- }
- /**
- * 复制整个文件夹内容
- *
- * @param oldPath
- * String 原文件路径 如:c:/fqf
- * @param newPath
- * String 复制后路径 如:f:/fqf/ff
- * @return boolean
- */
- public void copyFolder(String oldPath, String newPath) {
- try {
- (new File(newPath)).mkdirs(); // 如果文件夹不存在 则建立新文件夹
- File a = new File(oldPath);
- String[] file = a.list();
- File temp = null;
- for (int i = 0; i < file.length; i++) {
- if (oldPath.endsWith(File.separator)) {
- temp = new File(oldPath + file[i]);
- } else {
- temp = new File(oldPath + File.separator + file[i]);
- }
- if (temp.isFile()) {
- FileInputStream input = new FileInputStream(temp);
- FileOutputStream output = new FileOutputStream(newPath
- + "/ " + (temp.getName()).toString());
- byte[] b = new byte[1024 * 5];
- int len;
- while ((len = input.read(b)) != -1) {
- output.write(b, 0, len);
- }
- output.flush();
- output.close();
- input.close();
- }
- if (temp.isDirectory()) {// 如果是子文件夹
- copyFolder(oldPath + "/ " + file[i], newPath + "/ "
- + file[i]);
- }
- }
- } catch (Exception e) {
- System.out.println("复制整个文件夹内容操作出错 ");
- e.printStackTrace();
- }
- }
- /**
- * 移动文件到指定目录
- *
- * @param oldPath
- * String 如:c:/fqf.txt
- * @param newPath
- * String 如:d:/fqf.txt
- */
- public void moveFile(String oldPath, String newPath) {
- copyFile(oldPath, newPath);
- delFile(oldPath);
- }
- /**
- * 移动文件到指定目录
- *
- * @param oldPath
- * String 如:c:/fqf.txt
- * @param newPath
- * String 如:d:/fqf.txt
- */
- public void moveFolder(String oldPath, String newPath) {
- copyFolder(oldPath, newPath);
- delFolder(oldPath);
- }
- }
法1:
- import java.io.File;
- public class Filedic {
- public static void main(String []args) {
- //编写一个程序把对应盘符下面的所有文件或者文件夹有层次(树状)结构列出来
- String pathname="D:\\";
- Filedic chap =new Filedic();
- chap.forListDirFile(pathname);
- }
- /**
- * 使用递归算法,进行文件或目录的显示
- * @param pathname
- */
- public void forListDirFile(String pathname){
- File file = new File(pathname);
- if(file.exists()) {
- if(file.isFile()) {
- System.out.println(file.getName());
- } else if(file.isDirectory()){
- File[] list_files=file.listFiles();
- if(null!=list_files){
- for(int i=0;i<list_files.length;i++) {
- System.out.println(list_files[i]);
- this.forListDirFile(list_files[i].toString());
- }
- } else {
- System.out.println("此路径为空");
- }
- } else {
- System.out.println(file.getName());
- }
- }
- }
- }
法2:
- import java.io.*;
- public class FileDics {
- public static void main(String[] args) {
- File f = new File("D:/");
- System.out.println(f.getPath() + f.getName());
- tree(f);
- }
- private static void tree(File f) {
- File[] childs = f.listFiles();// 列出目录下所有的文件
- for (int i = 0; i < childs.length-1; i++) {
- System.out.println(childs[i].getPath() + childs[i].getName());
- if (childs[i].isDirectory()) {
- tree(childs[i]);// 如果是个目录,就继续递归列出其下面的文件.
- }
- }
- }
- }