day50—JavaScript鼠标拖拽事件

转行学开发,代码100天——2018-05-05

 

今天通过鼠标拖拽事件复习巩固一下鼠标事件。

鼠标拖拽事件需要记住两点:

1.距离不变

2.鼠标事件(按下,移动,抬起)

<div id="div1"></div>
<style type="text/css">
        #div1{
            width: 100px;
            height: 100px;
            background: red;
            position: absolute;
        }
    </style>

JavaScript事件:

    <script type="text/javascript">
        window.onload = function(){
            var oDiv = document.getElementById("div1");
            var disX = 0;
            var disY = 0;
            //鼠标按下
            oDiv.onmousedown = function(ev){
                var oEvent = ev||event;
                disX = oEvent.clientX-oDiv.offsetLeft;
                disY = oEvent.clientY-oDiv.offsetTop;
                //鼠标移动
                oDiv.onmousemove = function(ev){
                var oEvent  = ev||event;
                oDiv.style.left = oEvent.clientX-disX+"px";
                oDiv.style.top = oEvent.clientY-disY+"px";
                };
                oDiv.onmouseup = function(){
                    oDiv.onmousemove = null;
                    oDiv.onmouseup = null;
                }
            };
        }
    </script>

注意:这里的鼠标的移动事件是在鼠标按下之后发生;鼠标抬起时需要关闭鼠标移动事件和它本身。

这时可以实现一个基本的拖拽效果。但是,当鼠标快速移动时,仍然有个问题:当鼠标移到div盒子外面时盒子被鼠标甩掉了。。

究其原因在于鼠标事件的添加对象只是div盒子,盒子很小时会发生上述情况。因此可以将事件添加对象升级到document上。

<script type="text/javascript">
        window.onload = function(){
            var oDiv = document.getElementById("div1");
            var disX = 0;
            var disY = 0;
            //鼠标按下
            document.onmousedown = function(ev){
                var oEvent = ev||event;
                disX = oEvent.clientX-oDiv.offsetLeft;
                disY = oEvent.clientY-oDiv.offsetTop;
                //鼠标移动
                document.onmousemove = function(ev){
                var oEvent  = ev||event;
                oDiv.style.left = oEvent.clientX-disX+"px";
                oDiv.style.top = oEvent.clientY-disY+"px";
                };
                document.onmouseup = function(){
                    document.onmousemove = null;
                    document.onmouseup = null;
                }
            };
        }
    </script>

 尽管如此,在火狐浏览器下拖拽空DIV盒子会出现重影,因此需要阻止默认事件,在鼠标按下事件中添加

   return false;
此外,通过学习事件捕获,IE转属的setCapture()方法,可以避免使用事件对象升级到document。同时需要在鼠标抬起事件中,取消事件捕获releaseCapture();

最后,为了提升用户体验,还可以对上述拖拽事件进行更进一步的优化,即对拖拽范围添加限制。

    <script type="text/javascript">
        window.onload = function(){
            var oDiv = document.getElementById("div1");
            var disX = 0;
            var disY = 0;
            //鼠标按下
            document.onmousedown = function(ev){
                var oEvent = ev||event;
                disX = oEvent.clientX-oDiv.offsetLeft;
                disY = oEvent.clientY-oDiv.offsetTop;
                //鼠标移动
                document.onmousemove = function(ev){
                var oEvent  = ev||event;
                var l = oEvent.clientX-disX;
                var t = oEvent.clientY-disY;
                
                if (l<0) {
                    l =0;
                }else if(l>document.documentElement.clientWidth-oDiv.offsetWidth)
                {
                    l = document.documentElement.clientWidth-oDiv.offsetWidth;
                }

                if (t<0) {
                    t =0;
                }else if(t>document.documentElement.clientHeight-oDiv.offsetHeight)
                {
                    t = document.documentElement.clientHeight-oDiv.offsetHeight;
                }

                oDiv.style.left = l+"px";
                oDiv.style.top = t+"px";
                };
                document.onmouseup = function(){
                    document.onmousemove = null;
                    document.onmouseup = null;
                };
                return false;
            };
        }
    </script>

 添加事件捕获后优化代码如下:

<script type="text/javascript">
        window.onload = function(){
            var oDiv = document.getElementById("div1");
            var disX =0;
            var disY =0;
            oDiv.onmousedown = function(ev){
                var oEvent = ev||event;
                disX = oEvent.clientX-oDiv.offsetLeft;
                disY = oEvent.clientY-oDiv.offsetTop;
                if (oDiv.setCapture) {
                //鼠标移动事件
                oDiv.onmousemove = mouseMove;
                oDiv.onmouseup = mouseUp;
                oDiv.setCapture();//ie专用
                return false;
            }else{
                   //鼠标移动
                   document.onmousemove = mouseMove;
                   document.onmouseup = mouseUp;
                   return false;
                }
            };
            //鼠标抬起事件
            function mouseUp(){
                this.onmousemove = null;
                this.onmouseup = null;
                if (this.setCapture) {
                        this.releaseCapture();//ie专用
                    }
                };
            //鼠标移动事件
            function mouseMove(ev){
                var oEvent  = ev||event;
                var l = oEvent.clientX-disX;
                var t = oEvent.clientY-disY;
                if (l<0) {
                    l =0;
                }else if(l>document.documentElement.clientWidth-oDiv.offsetWidth)
                {
                    l = document.documentElement.clientWidth-oDiv.offsetWidth;
                }
                if (t<0) {
                    t =0;
                }else if(t>document.documentElement.clientHeight-oDiv.offsetHeight)
                {
                    t = document.documentElement.clientHeight-oDiv.offsetHeight;
                }
                oDiv.style.left = l+"px";
                oDiv.style.top = t+"px";
            };
           }
        </script>

 

posted @ 2018-05-05 10:22  东易韦  阅读(212)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报