NSSearchPathForDirectoriesInDomains
fileManager的基本应用:查看列表
NSArray *NSSearchPathForDirectoriesInDomains(NSSearchPathDirectory directory,NSSearchPathDomainMask domainMask,BOOL expandTilde); 参数 directory 类型有很多,说几个常用的 NSLibraryDirectory, // various documentation, support, and configuration files, resources (Library) NSDeveloperDirectory, // developer resources (Developer) DEPRECATED - there is no one single Developer directory. NSUserDirectory, // user home directories (Users) NSDocumentationDirectory, // documentation (Documentation) NSDocumentDirectory, // documents (Documents) NSCachesDirectory // location of discardable cache files (Library/Caches) domainMask NSUserDomainMask , // user's home directory --- place to install user's personal items (~) NSLocalDomainMask , // local to the current machine --- place to install items available to everyone
NSFileManager *fileManager=[NSFileManager defaultManager]; //NSAllDomainsMask 获取到所有目录结构 NSArray *documentPaths=NSSearchPathForDirectoriesInDomains(NSDocumentationDirectory,NSAllDomainsMask , YES);
for (NSString *str in documentPaths) { NSLog(@"documentPaths:%@",str); } NSString *documentDir=[documentPaths objectAtIndex:0] ; NSLog(@"documentDir:%@",documentDir);
结果如下:
2013-06-14 16:30:48.253 helloword[1092:c07] documentPaths:/Users/qing/Library/Application Support/iPhone Simulator/6.1/Applications/A3EEDA4B-0F5E-49E5-91D8-FBCCD388B539/Library/Documentation 2013-06-14 16:30:48.258 helloword[1092:c07] documentPaths:/Library/Documentation 2013-06-14 16:30:48.258 helloword[1092:c07] documentPaths:/Network/Library/Documentation 2013-06-14 16:30:48.259 helloword[1092:c07] documentPaths:/System/Library/Documentation
2013-06-14 16:30:48.260 helloword[1092:c07] documentDir:/Users/qing/Library/Application Support/iPhone Simulator/6.1/Applications/A3EEDA4B-0F5E-49E5-91D8-FBCCD388B539/Library/Documentation
NSSearchPathForDirectoriesInDomains:
NSArray *documentPaths=NSSearchPathForDirectoriesInDomains(NSDocumentationDirectory,NSUserDomainMask , YES); //documentPaths:/Users/qing/Library/Application Support/iPhone Simulator/6.1/Applications/A3EEDA4B-0F5E-49E5-91D8-FBCCD388B539/Library/Documentation
documentPaths=NSSearchPathForDirectoriesInDomains(NSDownloadsDirectory,NSAllDomainsMask , YES); ///Users/qing/Library/Application Support/iPhone Simulator/6.1/Applications/A3EEDA4B-0F5E-49E5-91D8-FBCCD388B539/Downloads
转自 http://higher141125.iteye.com/blog/1886851
这个主要就是返回一个绝对路径用来存放我们需要储存的文件。
- (NSString *)dataFilePath { NSArray *paths = NSSearchPathForDirectoriesInDomains(NSDocumentDirectory, NSUserDomainMask, YES); NSString *documentsDirectory = [paths objectAtIndex:0]; return [documentsDirectory stringByAppendingPathComponent:@"shoppingCar.plist"]; }
NSFileManager* fm=[NSFileManager defaultManager]; if(![fm fileExistsAtPath:[self dataFilePath]]){ //下面是对该文件进行制定路径的保存 [fm createDirectoryAtPath:[self dataFilePath] withIntermediateDirectories:YES attributes:nil error:nil]; //取得一个目录下得所有文件名 NSArray *files = [fm subpathsAtPath: [self dataFilePath] ]; //读取某个文件 NSData *data = [fm contentsAtPath:[self dataFilePath]]; //或者 NSData *data = [NSData dataWithContentOfPath:[self dataFilePath]]; }
转自:http://marshal.easymorse.com/archives/3340
iOS中对文件的操作
因为应用是在沙箱(sandbox)中的,在文件读写权限上受到限制,只能在几个目录下读写文件:
- Documents:应用中用户数据可以放在这里,iTunes备份和恢复的时候会包括此目录
- tmp:存放临时文件,iTunes不会备份和恢复此目录,此目录下文件可能会在应用退出后删除
- Library/Caches:存放缓存文件,iTunes不会备份此目录,此目录下文件不会在应用退出删除
在Documents目录下创建文件
代码如下:
NSArray *paths=NSSearchPathForDirectoriesInDomains(NSDocumentDirectory
, NSUserDomainMask
, YES);
NSLog(@"Get document path: %@",[paths objectAtIndex:0]);NSString *fileName=[[paths objectAtIndex:0] stringByAppendingPathComponent:@"myFile"];
NSString *content=@"a";
NSData *contentData=[content dataUsingEncoding:NSASCIIStringEncoding];
if ([contentData writeToFile:fileName atomically:YES]) {
NSLog(@">>write ok.");
}
可以通过ssh登录设备看到Documents目录下生成了该文件。
上述是创建ascii编码文本文件,如果要带汉字,比如:
NSString *fileName=[[paths objectAtIndex:0] stringByAppendingPathComponent:@"myFile"];
NSString *content=@"更深夜静人已息";
NSData *contentData=[content dataUsingEncoding:NSUnicodeStringEncoding];
if ([contentData writeToFile:fileName atomically:YES]) {
NSLog(@">>write ok.");
}
如果还用ascii编码,将不会生成文件。这里使用NSUnicodeStringEncoding就可以了。
通过filezilla下载到创建的文件打开,中文没有问题:
在其他目录下创建文件
如果要指定其他文件目录,比如Caches目录,需要更换目录工厂常量,上面代码其他的可不变:
NSArray *paths=NSSearchPathForDirectoriesInDomains(NSCachesDirectory
, NSUserDomainMask
, YES);
使用NSSearchPathForDirectoriesInDomains只能定位Caches目录和Documents目录。
tmp目录,不能按照上面的做法获得目录了,有个函数可以获得应用的根目录:
NSHomeDirectory()
也就是Documents的上级目录,当然也是tmp目录的上级目录。那么文件路径可以这样写:
NSString *fileName=[NSHomeDirectory() stringByAppendingPathComponent:@"tmp/myFile.txt"];
或者,更直接一点,可以用这个函数:
NSTemporaryDirectory()
不过生成的路径将可能是:
…/tmp/-Tmp-/myFile.txt
使用资源文件
在编写应用项目的时候,常常会使用资源文件,比如:
安装到设备上后,是在app目录下的:
以下代码演示如何获取到文件并打印文件内容:
NSString *myFilePath = [[NSBundle mainBundle]
pathForResource:@"f"
ofType:@"txt"];
NSString *myFileContent=[NSString stringWithContentsOfFile:myFilePath encoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding error:nil];
NSLog(@"bundel file path: %@ \nfile content:%@",myFilePath,myFileContent);
代码运行效果: