阿里-马云的学习笔记

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消息中间件(三)-----限时订单的实现(delayQueue、mq)

限时订单

应用场景

用支付宝购买电影票,抢到座位了,通常需要在15分钟内付钱,否则订单就会被取消。

 

解决方法一-----DelayQueue

思路

 

下订单的时候,首先保存到数据库,并同时将订单数据保存到delayQueue中,开启一个线程监控delayQueue,利用delayQueue的特性,先过期的数据会被take出来,若发现此时订单未支付,那就是过期未支付,更改订单状态。 

代码

1、SaveOrder

package cn.enjoyedu.service.busi;

import cn.enjoyedu.dao.OrderExpDao;
import cn.enjoyedu.model.OrderExp;
import cn.enjoyedu.service.delay.IDelayOrder;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

import javax.annotation.PostConstruct;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Random;

/**
 *类说明:订单相关的服务
 */
@Service
public class SaveOrder {
    
    private Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(SaveOrder.class);
    
    public final static short UNPAY = 0;
    public final static short PAYED = 1;
    public final static short EXPIRED = -1;
    
    @Autowired
    private OrderExpDao orderExpDao;
    
    @Autowired
    @Qualifier("dq")
    //@Qualifier("mq")
    private IDelayOrder delayOrder;

    /**
     * 接收前端页面参数,生成订单
     * @param orderNumber 订单个数
     */
    public void insertOrders(int orderNumber){
        Random r = new Random();
        OrderExp orderExp ;
        for(int i=0;i<orderNumber;i++) {
            //订单的超时时长,单位秒
            long expireTime = r.nextInt(20)+5;
            orderExp = new OrderExp();
            String orderNo = "DD00_"+expireTime+"S";
            orderExp.setOrderNo(orderNo);
            orderExp.setOrderNote("享学订单——"+orderNo);
            orderExp.setOrderStatus(UNPAY);
            orderExpDao.insertDelayOrder(orderExp,expireTime);  
            logger.info("保存订单到DB:"+orderNo);
            delayOrder.orderDelay(orderExp, expireTime);
        }
    }

    /**
     * 应用重启带来的问题:
     * 1、保存在Queue中的订单会丢失,这些丢失的订单会在什么时候过期,因为队列里已经没有这个订单了,无法检查了,这些订单就得不到处理了。
     * 2、已过期的订单不会被处理,在应用的重启阶段,可能会有一部分订单过期,这部分过期未支付的订单同样也得不到处理,会一直放在数据库里,
     * 过期未支付订单所对应的资源比如电影票所对应的座位,就不能被释放出来,让别的用户来购买。
     * 解决之道 :在系统启动时另行处理
     */
    @PostConstruct
    public void initDelayOrder() {
        logger.info("系统启动,扫描表中过期未支付的订单并处理.........");
        int counts = orderExpDao.updateExpireOrders();
        logger.info("系统启动,处理了表中["+counts+"]个过期未支付的订单!");
        List<OrderExp> orderList = orderExpDao.selectUnPayOrders();
        logger.info("系统启动,发现了表中还有["+orderList.size() +"]个未到期未支付的订单!推入检查队列准备到期检查....");
        for(OrderExp order:orderList) {
            long expireTime = order.getExpireTime().getTime()-(new Date().getTime());
            delayOrder.orderDelay(order, expireTime);
        }
    }
}

2、IDelayOrder

package cn.enjoyedu.service.delay;

import cn.enjoyedu.model.OrderExp;

/**
 *类说明:延时处理订单的的接口
 */
public interface IDelayOrder {

    /**
     * 进行延时处理的方法
     * @param order 要进行延时处理的订单
     * @param expireTime 延时时长,单位秒
     */
    public void orderDelay(OrderExp order, long expireTime);
}

3、DqMode

package cn.enjoyedu.service.delay.impl;

import cn.enjoyedu.model.OrderExp;
import cn.enjoyedu.service.busi.DlyOrderProcessor;
import cn.enjoyedu.service.delay.IDelayOrder;
import cn.enjoyedu.vo.ItemVo;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

import javax.annotation.PostConstruct;
import javax.annotation.PreDestroy;
import java.util.concurrent.DelayQueue;

/**
 *类说明:阻塞队列的实现
 */
@Service
@Qualifier("dq")
public class DqMode implements IDelayOrder {
    
    private Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(DqMode.class);
    
    @Autowired
    private DlyOrderProcessor processDelayOrder;
    private Thread takeOrder;
    
    private static DelayQueue<ItemVo<OrderExp>> delayOrder = new DelayQueue<ItemVo<OrderExp>>();

    public void orderDelay(OrderExp order, long expireTime) {
        ItemVo<OrderExp> itemOrder = new ItemVo<OrderExp>(expireTime*1000,order);
        delayOrder.put(itemOrder);
        logger.info("订单[超时时长:"+expireTime+"秒]被推入检查队列,订单详情:"+order);
    }
    
    private class TakeOrder implements Runnable{
        
        private DlyOrderProcessor processDelayOrder;

        public TakeOrder(DlyOrderProcessor processDelayOrder) {
            super();
            this.processDelayOrder = processDelayOrder;
        }

        public void run() {
            logger.info("处理到期订单线程已经启动!");
            while(!Thread.currentThread().isInterrupted()) {
                try {
                    ItemVo<OrderExp> itemOrder = delayOrder.take();
                    if (itemOrder!=null) {
                        processDelayOrder.checkDelayOrder(itemOrder.getData());
                    }
                } catch (Exception e) {
                    logger.error("The thread :",e);
                }
            }
            logger.info("处理到期订单线程准备关闭......");
        }
    }
    
    @PostConstruct
    public void init() {
        takeOrder = new Thread(new TakeOrder(processDelayOrder));
        takeOrder.start();
    }
    
    @PreDestroy
    public void close() {
        takeOrder.interrupt();
    }
}

4、ItemVo

package cn.enjoyedu.vo;

import java.util.concurrent.Delayed;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;

/**
 *类说明:存放到延迟队列的元素,对业务数据进行了包装
 */
public class ItemVo<T> implements Delayed{
    //到期时间,但传入的数值代表过期的时长,传入单位毫秒
    private long activeTime;
    private T data;//业务数据,泛型
    
    public ItemVo(long activeTime, T data) {
        super();
        this.activeTime = activeTime + System.currentTimeMillis();
        this.data = data;
    }

    public long getActiveTime() {
        return activeTime;
    }

    public T getData() {
        return data;
    }
    
    /*
     * 这个方法返回到激活日期的剩余时间,时间单位由单位参数指定。
     */
    public long getDelay(TimeUnit unit) {
        long d = unit.convert(this.activeTime - System.currentTimeMillis(), unit);
        return d;
    }

    /*
     *Delayed接口继承了Comparable接口,按剩余时间排序,实际计算考虑精度为纳秒数
     */
    public int compareTo(Delayed o) {
        long d = (getDelay(TimeUnit.NANOSECONDS) - o.getDelay(TimeUnit.NANOSECONDS));
        return (d == 0) ? 0 : ((d < 0) ? -1 : 1);
    }
}

5、DlyOrderProcessor

package cn.enjoyedu.service.busi;

import cn.enjoyedu.dao.OrderExpDao;
import cn.enjoyedu.model.OrderExp;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

/**
 *类说明:处理延期订单的服务
 */
@Service
public class DlyOrderProcessor {
    private Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(DlyOrderProcessor.class);
    
    @Autowired
    private OrderExpDao orderExpDao;
    
    /**检查数据库中指定id的订单的状态,如果为未支付,则修改为已过期*/
    public void checkDelayOrder(OrderExp record) {
        OrderExp dbOrder = orderExpDao.selectByPrimaryKey(record.getId());
        if(dbOrder.getOrderStatus()==SaveOrder.UNPAY) {
            logger.info("订单【"+record+"】未支付已过期,需要更改为过期订单!");
            orderExpDao.updateExpireOrder(record.getId());
        }else {
            logger.info("已支付订单【"+record+"】,无需修改!");
        }
    }
}

DelayQueue: 阻塞队列(先进先出)

  • 1)支持阻塞的插入方法:意思是当队列满时,队列会阻塞插入元素的线程,直到队列不满。
  • 2)支持阻塞的移除方法:意思是在队列为空时,获取元素的线程会等待队列变为非空。

延迟期满时才能从中提取元素(光队列里有元素还不行)。

Delayed接口使对象成为延迟对象,它使存放在DelayQueue类中的对象具有了激活日期。该接口强制实现下列两个方法。

  • CompareTo(Delayed o):Delayed接口继承了Comparable接口,因此有了这个方法。让元素按激活日期排队
  • getDelay(TimeUnit unit):这个方法返回到激活日期的剩余时间,时间单位由单位参数指定。

解决方案二-----MQ(activeMq)

1、修改SaveOrder

    @Autowired
    //@Qualifier("dq")
    @Qualifier("mq")
    private IDelayOrder delayOrder;

2、ActiveMQ的延迟和定时投递

修改配置文件(activemq.xml),增加延迟和定时投递支持-----schedulerSupport="true"

<broker xmlns="http://activemq.apache.org/schema/core" brokerName="localhost" dataDirectory="${activemq.data}" schedulerSupport="true">

3、MqProducer

package cn.enjoyedu.service.mq;

import cn.enjoyedu.model.OrderExp;
import cn.enjoyedu.service.delay.IDelayOrder;
import com.google.gson.Gson;
import org.apache.activemq.ScheduledMessage;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier;
import org.springframework.jms.core.JmsTemplate;
import org.springframework.jms.core.MessageCreator;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

import javax.jms.JMSException;
import javax.jms.Message;
import javax.jms.Session;

/**
 *类说明:消息队列的实现
 */
@Service
@Qualifier("mq")
public class MqProducer implements IDelayOrder {
    
    private Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(MqProducer.class);
    
    @Autowired
    private JmsTemplate jmsTemplate;    
    
    /**
     *类说明:创建消息的类
     */
    private static class CreateMessage implements MessageCreator{
        
        private OrderExp order;
        private long expireTime;
        
        public CreateMessage(OrderExp order, long expireTime) {
            super();
            this.order = order;
            this.expireTime = expireTime;
        }

        public Message createMessage(Session session) throws JMSException {
            Gson gson = new Gson();
            String txtMsg = gson.toJson(order);
            Message message = session.createTextMessage(txtMsg);
            /**
             * 需要把几个描述消息定时调度方式的参数作为属性添加到消息,broker端的调度器就会按照我们想要的行为去处理消息。
             * 一共有4个属性
             * 1:AMQ_SCHEDULED_DELAY :延迟投递的时间
             * 2:AMQ_SCHEDULED_PERIOD :重复投递的时间间隔
             * 3:AMQ_SCHEDULED_REPEAT:重复投递次数
             * 4:AMQ_SCHEDULED_CRON:Cron表达式
             * ActiveMQ也提供了一个封装的消息类型:org.apache.activemq.ScheduledMessage,可以使用这个类来辅助设置
             */
            message.setLongProperty(ScheduledMessage.AMQ_SCHEDULED_DELAY, expireTime);
            return message;
        }
    }

    public void orderDelay(OrderExp order, long expireTime) {
        logger.info("订单[超时时长:"+expireTime+"秒] 将被发送给消息队列,详情:"+order);
        jmsTemplate.send("order.delay", new CreateMessage(order,expireTime*1000));
    }
}

4、MqConsume

package cn.enjoyedu.service.mq;

import cn.enjoyedu.model.OrderExp;
import cn.enjoyedu.service.busi.DlyOrderProcessor;
import com.google.gson.Gson;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

import javax.jms.Message;
import javax.jms.MessageListener;
import javax.jms.TextMessage;

/**
 *类说明:处理消息队列返回的延时订单
 */
@Service
public class MqConsume implements MessageListener {
    private Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(MqConsume.class);
    
    @Autowired
    private DlyOrderProcessor processDlyOrder;
    
    public void onMessage(Message message) {
        try {
            String txtMsg = ((TextMessage)message).getText();
            logger.info("接收到消息队列发出消息:"+txtMsg);
            Gson gson = new Gson();
            OrderExp order = (OrderExp)gson.fromJson(txtMsg, OrderExp.class);
            processDlyOrder.checkDelayOrder(order);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            logger.error("处理消费异常!",e);
        }
    }
}

 

posted on 2020-05-08 22:29  阿里-马云的学习笔记  阅读(895)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报