dict - zip，列表生成式，三元运算

数据：

1,Alex Li,22,13651054608,IT,2013-04-01
2,Jack Wang,28,13451024608,HR,2015-01-07
3,Rain Wang,21,13451054608,IT,2017-04-01
4,Mack Qiao,44,15653354208,Sales,2016-02-01
5,Rachel Chen,23,13351024606,IT,2013-03-16
6,Eric Liu,19,18531054602,Marketing,2012-12-01
7,Chao Zhang,21,13235324334,Administration,2011-08-08
8,Kevin Chen,22,13151054603,Sales,2013-04-01
9,Shit Wen,20,13351024602,IT,2017-07-03
10,Shanshan Du,26,13698424612,Operation,2017-07-02

代码：

new_staff_table = {}
filed_list = ['num','name','age','phone','dept','enroll_date']

def openfile():
    staff_file = open("staffinfo.txt", 'r+', encoding='utf-8')

    for line in staff_file:
        line = line.strip().split(',')
        new_staff_table[line[1]] = dict(zip(filed_list,line[:6]))

if __name__ == "__main__":
    openfile()
    print(new_staff_table)

new_staff_table = {}

def openfile():
    staff_file = open("staffinfo.txt", 'r+', encoding='utf-8')

    for line in staff_file:
        line = line.strip().split(',')
        new_staff_table[line[1]] = {'num':line[0],'name':line[1],'age':line[2],'phone':line[3],'dept':line[4],'enroll_date':line[5]}

if __name__ == "__main__":
    openfile()
    print(new_staff_table)

结果：

{'Alex Li': {'num': '1', 'name': 'Alex Li', 'age': '22', 'phone': '13651054608', 'dept': 'IT', 'enroll_date': '2013-04-01'},
'Jack Wang': {'num': '2', 'name': 'Jack Wang', 'age': '28', 'phone': '13451024608', 'dept': 'HR', 'enroll_date': '2015-01-07'},
'Rain Wang': {'num': '3', 'name': 'Rain Wang', 'age': '21', 'phone': '13451054608', 'dept': 'IT', 'enroll_date': '2017-04-01'},
'Mack Qiao': {'num': '4', 'name': 'Mack Qiao', 'age': '44', 'phone': '15653354208', 'dept': 'Sales', 'enroll_date': '2016-02-01'},
'Rachel Chen': {'num': '5', 'name': 'Rachel Chen', 'age': '23', 'phone': '13351024606', 'dept': 'IT', 'enroll_date': '2013-03-16'},
'Eric Liu': {'num': '6', 'name': 'Eric Liu', 'age': '19', 'phone': '18531054602', 'dept': 'Marketing', 'enroll_date': '2012-12-01'},
'Chao Zhang': {'num': '7', 'name': 'Chao Zhang', 'age': '21', 'phone': '13235324334', 'dept': 'Administration', 'enroll_date': '2011-08-08'},
'Kevin Chen': {'num': '8', 'name': 'Kevin Chen', 'age': '22', 'phone': '13151054603', 'dept': 'Sales', 'enroll_date': '2013-04-01'},
'Shit Wen': {'num': '9', 'name': 'Shit Wen', 'age': '20', 'phone': '13351024602', 'dept': 'IT', 'enroll_date': '2017-07-03'},
'Shanshan Du': {'num': '10', 'name': 'Shanshan Du', 'age': '26', 'phone': '13698424612', 'dept': 'Operation', 'enroll_date': '2017-07-02'}}

 

补充：

1.列表生成式
>>> li=[1,2,3]
>>> [i*2 for i in li]
[2, 4, 6]

2.三元运算
>>> a = True if 1 == 1 else False
>>> a
True
>>> a = True if 1 == 2 else False
>>> a
False

3.zip()
li1 = ["name","age"]
li2 = ["pizza",18]
>>> dict(zip(li1,li2))
{'name': 'pizza', 'age': 18}
>>> list(zip(li1,li2))
[('name', 'a'), ('age', 'b')]
>>> set(zip(li1,li2))
{('name', 'a'), ('age', 'b')}

4.步长
>>> li = [1,2,3,4,5]
>>> li
[1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
>>> li[1:2]
[2]
>>> li[1:]
[2, 3, 4, 5]
>>> li[1::2]
[2, 4]