【857】R语言实现字符串操作、补零操作

ref: Add Leading Zeros to the Elements of a Vector in R 

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参考代码：

# 数组
> seq(12)
 [1]  1  2  3  4  5  6  7  8  9 10 11 12
    
# 格式化打印，自动补零
> sprintf("%02d", seq(12))
 [1] "01" "02" "03" "04" "05" "06" "07" "08" "09" "10" "11" "12"
  
# 直接赋值，可以当成数组使用
> months = sprintf("%02d", seq(12))
> months
 [1] "01" "02" "03" "04" "05" "06" "07" "08" "09" "10" "11" "12"
 
# for 循环，paste0 用来连接，相当于 Python 里面的加号，如果使用 paste，中间会多一个空格    
> for(m in months) print(paste0("avg_tmins_", m))
[1] "avg_tmins_01"
[1] "avg_tmins_02"
[1] "avg_tmins_03"
[1] "avg_tmins_04"
[1] "avg_tmins_05"
[1] "avg_tmins_06"
[1] "avg_tmins_07"
[1] "avg_tmins_08"
[1] "avg_tmins_09"
[1] "avg_tmins_10"
[1] "avg_tmins_11"
[1] "avg_tmins_12"