1. 路由 php artisan route:list

routes/web.php
/***   by lin start: ***/
Route::get('/lin', function () {
    echo "nihao lin";
});
//1.路由参数 ，可选多个问号{id?}
//http://www.laravel02.com/user/111
Route::get('user/{id?}', function ($id = 0) {
    echo "nihao".$id;
});
//1.1通过?形式来传递参数，不需要写路由
//http://www.laravel02.com/test?id=111
Route::any('test', function () {
    echo "nihao".$_GET['id'];
});
//2.路由类型
Route::match(['get', 'post'], '/purchase', function(){});
Route::any('foo',function(){});
//3.路由别名
Route::any('test2', function () {
    echo "nihao".$_GET['id'];
})->name('新名字');
//调用路由：route('新名字');

//4.路由群组 admin
Route::group(['prefix'=>'admin'],function(){
    Route::get('test1', function () {
        //匹配 /admin/test1
        echo "/admin/test1";
    });
    Route::any('/test2', function () {
        //匹配 /admin/test2
    });
});