centos7 扩展根目录
1. 首先你需要一块可用的空白磁盘
由于我是win+centos双系统, 这centos空间不足,我把windows磁盘压缩了50G空间分给centos
2. fdisk /dev/sda # sda根据自己的实际情况来修改,可以先使用lsblk查询
The device presents a logical sector size that is smaller than
the physical sector size. Aligning to a physical sector (or optimal
I/O) size boundary is recommended, or performance may be impacted.
欢迎使用 fdisk (util-linux 2.23.2)。
更改将停留在内存中,直到您决定将更改写入磁盘。
使用写入命令前请三思。
命令(输入 m 获取帮助):m
命令操作
a toggle a bootable flag
b edit bsd disklabel
c toggle the dos compatibility flag
d delete a partition
g create a new empty GPT partition table
G create an IRIX (SGI) partition table
l list known partition types
m print this menu
n add a new partition
o create a new empty DOS partition table
p print the partition table
q quit without saving changes
s create a new empty Sun disklabel
t change a partition's system id
u change display/entry units
v verify the partition table
w write table to disk and exit
x extra functionality (experts only)
命令(输入 m 获取帮助):n All primary partitions are in use 添加逻辑分区 8 起始 扇区 (803241984-908099583,默认为 803241984): # 我这里只准备创建一个卷,用的整个空白分区,所以都直接直接enter键使用默认值, 也可以自己手动修改为范围内的值 将使用默认值 803241984 Last 扇区, +扇区 or +size{K,M,G} (803241984-908099583,默认为 908099583): 将使用默认值 908099583 分区 8 已设置为 Linux 类型,大小设为 50 GiB 命令(输入 m 获取帮助):p 磁盘 /dev/sda:500.1 GB, 500107862016 字节,976773168 个扇区 Units = 扇区 of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes 扇区大小(逻辑/物理):512 字节 / 4096 字节 I/O 大小(最小/最佳):4096 字节 / 4096 字节 磁盘标签类型:dos 磁盘标识符:0x1f4a1000 设备 Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 * 2048 167776255 83887104 7 HPFS/NTFS/exFAT /dev/sda2 167778302 908099583 370160641 f W95 Ext'd (LBA) Partition 2 does not start on physical sector boundary. /dev/sda3 908099584 910196735 1048576 83 Linux /dev/sda4 910196736 976773119 33288192 8e Linux LVM /dev/sda5 167778304 398467071 115344384 7 HPFS/NTFS/exFAT /dev/sda6 398469120 629157887 115344384 7 HPFS/NTFS/exFAT /dev/sda7 629159936 803239935 87040000 7 HPFS/NTFS/exFAT /dev/sda8 803241984 908099583 52428800 83 Linux 命令(输入 m 获取帮助):t 分区号 (1-8,默认 8):8 #这里一般都是自动填写为你分出来的那块盘 Hex 代码(输入 L 列出所有代码):L 0 空 24 NEC DOS 81 Minix / 旧 Linu bf Solaris 1 FAT12 27 隐藏的 NTFS Win 82 Linux 交换 / So c1 DRDOS/sec (FAT- 2 XENIX root 39 Plan 9 83 Linux c4 DRDOS/sec (FAT- 3 XENIX usr 3c PartitionMagic 84 OS/2 隐藏的 C: c6 DRDOS/sec (FAT- 4 FAT16 <32M 40 Venix 80286 85 Linux 扩展 c7 Syrinx 5 扩展 41 PPC PReP Boot 86 NTFS 卷集 da 非文件系统数据 6 FAT16 42 SFS 87 NTFS 卷集 db CP/M / CTOS / . 7 HPFS/NTFS/exFAT 4d QNX4.x 88 Linux 纯文本 de Dell 工具 8 AIX 4e QNX4.x 第2部分 8e Linux LVM df BootIt 9 AIX 可启动 4f QNX4.x 第3部分 93 Amoeba e1 DOS 访问 a OS/2 启动管理器 50 OnTrack DM 94 Amoeba BBT e3 DOS R/O b W95 FAT32 51 OnTrack DM6 Aux 9f BSD/OS e4 SpeedStor c W95 FAT32 (LBA) 52 CP/M a0 IBM Thinkpad 休 eb BeOS fs e W95 FAT16 (LBA) 53 OnTrack DM6 Aux a5 FreeBSD ee GPT f W95 扩展 (LBA) 54 OnTrackDM6 a6 OpenBSD ef EFI (FAT-12/16/ 10 OPUS 55 EZ-Drive a7 NeXTSTEP f0 Linux/PA-RISC 11 隐藏的 FAT12 56 Golden Bow a8 Darwin UFS f1 SpeedStor 12 Compaq 诊断 5c Priam Edisk a9 NetBSD f4 SpeedStor 14 隐藏的 FAT16 <3 61 SpeedStor ab Darwin 启动 f2 DOS 次要 16 隐藏的 FAT16 63 GNU HURD or Sys af HFS / HFS+ fb VMware VMFS 17 隐藏的 HPFS/NTF 64 Novell Netware b7 BSDI fs fc VMware VMKCORE 18 AST 智能睡眠 65 Novell Netware b8 BSDI swap fd Linux raid 自动 1b 隐藏的 W95 FAT3 70 DiskSecure 多启 bb Boot Wizard 隐 fe LANstep 1c 隐藏的 W95 FAT3 75 PC/IX be Solaris 启动 ff BBT 1e 隐藏的 W95 FAT1 80 旧 Minix Hex 代码(输入 L 列出所有代码):8e 已将分区“Linux”的类型更改为“Linux LVM” 命令(输入 m 获取帮助):p 磁盘 /dev/sda:500.1 GB, 500107862016 字节,976773168 个扇区 Units = 扇区 of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes 扇区大小(逻辑/物理):512 字节 / 4096 字节 I/O 大小(最小/最佳):4096 字节 / 4096 字节 磁盘标签类型:dos 磁盘标识符:0x1f4a1000 设备 Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 * 2048 167776255 83887104 7 HPFS/NTFS/exFAT /dev/sda2 167778302 908099583 370160641 f W95 Ext'd (LBA) Partition 2 does not start on physical sector boundary. /dev/sda3 908099584 910196735 1048576 83 Linux /dev/sda4 910196736 976773119 33288192 8e Linux LVM /dev/sda5 167778304 398467071 115344384 7 HPFS/NTFS/exFAT /dev/sda6 398469120 629157887 115344384 7 HPFS/NTFS/exFAT /dev/sda7 629159936 803239935 87040000 7 HPFS/NTFS/exFAT /dev/sda8 803241984 908099583 52428800 8e Linux LVM 命令(输入 m 获取帮助):w The partition table has been altered! Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table. WARNING: Re-reading the partition table failed with error 16: 设备或资源忙. The kernel still uses the old table. The new table will be used at the next reboot or after you run partprobe(8) or kpartx(8) 正在同步磁盘。
2. 创建物理卷
[root@maple-master ~]# pvcreate /dev/sda8 Device /dev/sda8 not found.
这里可能会出现设备无法找到,执行以下命令查看: [root@maple-master ~]# lsblk NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT sda 8:0 0 465.8G 0 disk ├─sda1 8:1 0 80G 0 part ├─sda2 8:2 0 1K 0 part ├─sda3 8:3 0 1G 0 part /boot ├─sda4 8:4 0 31.8G 0 part │ ├─centos-root 253:0 0 28G 0 lvm / │ └─centos-swap 253:1 0 3.8G 0 lvm [SWAP] ├─sda5 8:5 0 110G 0 part ├─sda6 8:6 0 110G 0 part └─sda7 8:7 0 83G 0 part sr0 11:0 1 1024M 0 rom
并没有sda8,但是前面是已经创建好了的,执行下面命令后在查看: [root@maple-master ~]# partprobe #这条命令的作用是通知系统分区有变化,起到刷新作用 [root@maple-master ~]# lsblk NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT sda 8:0 0 465.8G 0 disk ├─sda1 8:1 0 80G 0 part ├─sda2 8:2 0 1K 0 part ├─sda3 8:3 0 1G 0 part /boot ├─sda4 8:4 0 31.8G 0 part │ ├─centos-root 253:0 0 28G 0 lvm / │ └─centos-swap 253:1 0 3.8G 0 lvm [SWAP] ├─sda5 8:5 0 110G 0 part ├─sda6 8:6 0 110G 0 part ├─sda7 8:7 0 83G 0 part └─sda8 8:8 0 50G 0 part
sr0 11:0 1 1024M 0 rom
继续执行创建物理卷:
[root@maple-master ~]# pvcreate /dev/sda8
Physical volume "/dev/sda8" successfully created.
[root@maple-master ~]# pvdisplay
--- Physical volume ---
PV Name /dev/sda4
VG Name centos
PV Size <31.75 GiB / not usable 4.00 MiB
Allocatable yes
PE Size 4.00 MiB
Total PE 8126
Free PE 1
Allocated PE 8125
PV UUID kzyz5m-Izv0-ldbt-Zs4D-JMrF-AhKU-yDVECz
"/dev/sda8" is a new physical volume of "50.00 GiB"
--- NEW Physical volume ---
PV Name /dev/sda8
VG Name
PV Size 50.00 GiB
Allocatable NO
PE Size 0
Total PE 0
Free PE 0
Allocated PE 0
PV UUID LvmDLU-UZ3T-smzz-8RDS-6j4P-E3IP-vzIK8d
3. 获取vg name,将新增的/dev/sda8分区加入到根目录分区centos
[root@maple-master ~]# vgdisplay --- Volume group --- VG Name centos System ID Format lvm2 Metadata Areas 1 Metadata Sequence No 3 VG Access read/write VG Status resizable MAX LV 0 Cur LV 2 Open LV 2 Max PV 0 Cur PV 1 Act PV 1 VG Size 31.74 GiB PE Size 4.00 MiB Total PE 8126 Alloc PE / Size 8125 / <31.74 GiB Free PE / Size 1 / 4.00 MiB VG UUID FrCd3Z-v1wq-0Fg8-Nyio-T5vX-vb8z-PE34JO /dev/sda8分区加入到根目录分区centos: [root@maple-master ~]# vgextend centos /dev/sda8 Volume group "centos" successfully extended [root@maple-master ~]# vgdisplay --- Volume group --- VG Name centos System ID Format lvm2 Metadata Areas 2 Metadata Sequence No 4 VG Access read/write VG Status resizable MAX LV 0 Cur LV 2 Open LV 2 Max PV 0 Cur PV 2 Act PV 2 VG Size <81.74 GiB PE Size 4.00 MiB Total PE 20925 Alloc PE / Size 8125 / <31.74 GiB Free PE / Size 12800 / 50.00 GiB VG UUID FrCd3Z-v1wq-0Fg8-Nyio-T5vX-vb8z-PE34JO
4. 进行卷扩容
找到根目录挂点: [root@maple-master ~]# df -h 文件系统 容量 已用 可用 已用% 挂载点 /dev/mapper/centos-root 28G 28G 956M 97% / devtmpfs 3.8G 0 3.8G 0% /dev tmpfs 3.8G 49M 3.7G 2% /dev/shm tmpfs 3.8G 2.8M 3.8G 1% /run tmpfs 3.8G 0 3.8G 0% /sys/fs/cgroup /dev/sda3 1014M 299M 716M 30% /boot [root@maple-master ~]# lvextend -l +100%FREE /dev/mapper/centos-root Size of logical volume centos/root changed from <27.99 GiB (7165 extents) to <77.99 GiB (19965 extents). Logical volume centos/root successfully resized.
5. 调整卷分区大小
[root@maple-master ~]# xfs_growfs /dev/mapper/centos-root meta-data=/dev/mapper/centos-root isize=512 agcount=4, agsize=1834240 blks = sectsz=4096 attr=2, projid32bit=1 = crc=1 finobt=0 spinodes=0 data = bsize=4096 blocks=7336960, imaxpct=25 = sunit=0 swidth=0 blks naming =version 2 bsize=4096 ascii-ci=0 ftype=1 log =internal bsize=4096 blocks=3582, version=2 = sectsz=4096 sunit=1 blks, lazy-count=1 realtime =none extsz=4096 blocks=0, rtextents=0 data blocks changed from 7336960 to 20444160 [root@maple-master ~]# df -h 文件系统 容量 已用 可用 已用% 挂载点 /dev/mapper/centos-root 78G 28G 51G 35% / devtmpfs 3.8G 0 3.8G 0% /dev tmpfs 3.8G 49M 3.7G 2% /dev/shm tmpfs 3.8G 2.8M 3.8G 1% /run tmpfs 3.8G 0 3.8G 0% /sys/fs/cgroup /dev/sda3 1014M 299M 716M 30% /boot 可以看到根分区目录已经成功扩容
NOTE:
也可以参照步骤扩展其他的分区,从步骤4开始,修改为自己想要扩展的分区名即可。