如何给spring3 MVC中的Action做JUnit单元测试？

使用了spring3 MVC后，给action做单元测试也很方便，我以前从来不给action写单元测试的，再在不同了，方便了，所以一定要写。

 

 JUnitActionBase类是所有JUnit的测试类的父类

 

package test;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import org.junit.BeforeClass;
import org.springframework.mock.web.MockServletContext;
import org.springframework.web.context.WebApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.web.context.support.XmlWebApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.HandlerAdapter;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.HandlerExecutionChain;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.HandlerMapping;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.DefaultAnnotationHandlerMapping;
/**
* 说明： JUnit测试action时使用的基类
*
* @author  赵磊
* @version 创建时间：2011-2-2 下午10:27:03
*/
public class JUnitActionBase {
    private static HandlerMapping handlerMapping;
    private static HandlerAdapter handlerAdapter;
    /**
     * 读取spring3 MVC配置文件
     */
    @BeforeClass
 public static void setUp() {
        if (handlerMapping == null) {
            String[] configs = { "file:src/springConfig/springMVC.xml" };
            XmlWebApplicationContext context = new XmlWebApplicationContext();
            context.setConfigLocations(configs);
            MockServletContext msc = new MockServletContext();
            context.setServletContext(msc);         context.refresh();
            msc.setAttribute(WebApplicationContext.ROOT_WEB_APPLICATION_CONTEXT_ATTRIBUTE, context);
            handlerMapping = (HandlerMapping) context
                    .getBean(DefaultAnnotationHandlerMapping.class);
            handlerAdapter = (HandlerAdapter) context.getBean(context.getBeanNamesForType(AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter.class)[0]);
        }
    }

    /**
     * 执行request对象请求的action
     *
     * @param request
     * @param response
     * @return
     * @throws Exception
     */
    public ModelAndView excuteAction(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
 throws Exception {
        HandlerExecutionChain chain = handlerMapping.getHandler(request);
        final ModelAndView model = handlerAdapter.handle(request, response,
                chain.getHandler());
        return model;
    }
}

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这是个JUnit测试类，我们可以new Request对象，来参与测试，太方便了。给request指定访问的URL，就可以请求目标Action了。

 

package test.com.app.user;
import org.junit.Assert;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.springframework.mock.web.MockHttpServletRequest;
import org.springframework.mock.web.MockHttpServletResponse;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;

import test.JUnitActionBase;

/**
* 说明： 测试OrderAction的例子
*
* @author  赵磊
* @version 创建时间：2011-2-2 下午10:26:55
*/

public class TestOrderAction extends JUnitActionBase {
    @Test
    public void testAdd() throws Exception {
    MockHttpServletRequest request = new MockHttpServletRequest();
        MockHttpServletResponse response = new MockHttpServletResponse();
        request.setRequestURI("/order/add");
        request.addParameter("id", "1002");
        request.addParameter("date", "2010-12-30");
        request.setMethod("POST");
        // 执行URI对应的action
        final ModelAndView mav = this.excuteAction(request, response);
        // Assert logic
        Assert.assertEquals("order/add", mav.getViewName());
        String msg=(String)request.getAttribute("msg");
        System.out.println(msg);
    }
}

 需要说明一下 ：由于当前最想版本的Spring(Test) 3.0.5还不支持@ContextConfiguration的注解式context file注入，所以还需要写个setUp处理下，否则类似于Tiles的加载过程会有错误，因为没有ServletContext。3.1的版本应该有更好的解决方案