BootStrap24
一、概念
一个前端开发的框架，Bootstrap，来自 Twitter，是目前很受欢迎的前端框架。Bootstrap 是基于 HTML、CSS、JavaScript 的，它简洁灵活，使得 Web 开发更加快捷。
- 框架：一个半成品软件，开发人员可以在框架基础上，在进行开发，简化编码。
- 好处：
1. 定义了很多的css样式和js插件。我们开发人员直接可以使用这些样式和插件得到丰富的页面效果。
2. 响应式布局。
同一套页面可以兼容不同分辨率的设备。
二、快速入门
1. 下载Bootstrap
2. 在项目中将这三个文件夹复制
min-压缩版
复制资料中的jquery-3.2.1.min.js到js目录下
3. 创建html页面，引入必要的资源文件
<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="zh-CN"> <head> <meta charset="utf-8"> <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"> <!-- 上述3个meta标签*必须*放在最前面，任何其他内容都*必须*跟随其后！ --> <title>Bootstrap HelloWorld</title> <!-- Bootstrap --> <link href="css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <!-- jQuery (Bootstrap 的所有 JavaScript 插件都依赖 jQuery，所以必须放在前边) --> <script src="js/jquery-3.2.1.min.js"></script> <!-- 加载 Bootstrap 的所有 JavaScript 插件。你也可以根据需要只加载单个插件。 --> <script src="js/bootstrap.min.js"></script> </head> <body> <h1>你好，世界！</h1> </body> </html>
三、
同一套页面可以兼容不同分辨率的设备。
1、实现：依赖于栅格系统：将一行平均分成12个格子，可以指定元素占几个格子
2、步骤：
1. 定义容器。相当于之前的table
容器分类：
1. container：两边留白
2. container-fluid：每一种设备都是100%宽度
2. 定义行。相当于之前的tr。样式：row
3. 定义元素。指定该元素在不同的设备上，所占的格子数目。样式：col-设备代号-格子数目
设备代号：
1. xs：超小屏幕 手机 (<768px)：col-xs-12
2. sm：小屏幕 平板 (≥768px)
3. md：中等屏幕 桌面显示器 (≥992px)
4. lg：大屏幕 大桌面显示器 (≥1200px)
注意：
1. 一行中如果格子数目超过12，则超出部分自动换行。
2. 栅格类属性可以向上兼容。栅格类适用于与屏幕宽度大于或等于分界点大小的设备。
3. 如果真实设备宽度小于了设置栅格类属性的设备代码的最小值，会一个元素占满一整行。
<!doctype html> <html lang="zh-CN"> <head> <meta charset="utf-8"> <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"> <!-- 上述3个meta标签*必须*放在最前面，任何其他内容都*必须*跟随其后！ --> <title>Bootstrap 101 Template</title> <!-- Bootstrap --> <link rel="stylesheet" href="css/bootstrap.min.css"> <!-- HTML5 shim 和 Respond.js 是为了让 IE8 支持 HTML5 元素和媒体查询（media queries）功能 --> <!-- 警告：通过 file:// 协议（就是直接将 html 页面拖拽到浏览器中）访问页面时 Respond.js 不起作用 --> <!--[if lt IE 9]--> <!--<script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/html5shiv@3.7.3/dist/html5shiv.min.js"></script>--> <!--<script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/respond.js@1.4.2/dest/respond.min.js"></script>--> <!--[endif]--> <!-- jQuery (Bootstrap 的所有 JavaScript 插件都依赖 jQuery，所以必须放在前边) --> <script src="js/jquery-3.2.1.min.js"></script> <!-- 加载 Bootstrap 的所有 JavaScript 插件。你也可以根据需要只加载单个插件。 --> <script src="js/bootstrap.min.js"></script> <style> .inner{ border: 1px solid red; } </style> </head> <body> <!--1.定义容器--> <div class="container"> <!--2.定义行--> <div class="row"> <!--3.定义元素 在大显示器一行12个格子 在pad上一行6个各自 --> <div class="col-lg-1 col-sm-2 inner">栅格</div> <div class="col-lg-1 col-sm-2 inner">栅格</div> <div class="col-lg-1 col-sm-2 inner">栅格</div> <div class="col-lg-1 col-sm-2 inner">栅格</div> <div class="col-lg-1 col-sm-2 inner">栅格</div> <div class="col-lg-1 col-sm-2 inner">栅格</div> <div class="col-lg-1 col-sm-2 inner">栅格</div> <div class="col-lg-1 col-sm-2 inner">栅格</div> <div class="col-lg-1 col-sm-2 inner">栅格</div> <div class="col-lg-1 col-sm-2 inner">栅格</div> <div class="col-lg-1 col-sm-2 inner">栅格</div> <div class="col-lg-1 col-sm-2 inner">栅格</div> <!--<div class="col-md-4 inner">栅格</div> <div class="col-md-4 inner">栅格</div> <div class="col-md-4 inner">栅格</div>--> </div> </div> </body> </html>
四、CSS样式和JS插件
1、全局CSS样式：
- 按钮：class="btn btn-default"
<a class="btn btn-default" href="#" role="button">Link</a> <button class="btn btn-default" type="submit">Button</button> <input class="btn btn-default" type="button" value="Input"> <input class="btn btn-default" type="submit" value="Submit">
<!-- Standard button --> <button type="button" class="btn btn-default">（默认样式）Default</button> <!-- Provides extra visual weight and identifies the primary action in a set of buttons --> <button type="button" class="btn btn-primary">（首选项）Primary</button> <!-- Indicates a successful or positive action --> <button type="button" class="btn btn-success">（成功）Success</button> <!-- Contextual button for informational alert messages --> <button type="button" class="btn btn-info">（一般信息）Info</button> <!-- Indicates caution should be taken with this action --> <button type="button" class="btn btn-warning">（警告）Warning</button> <!-- Indicates a dangerous or potentially negative action --> <button type="button" class="btn btn-danger">（危险）Danger</button> <!-- Deemphasize a button by making it look like a link while maintaining button behavior --> <button type="button" class="btn btn-link">（链接）Link</button>
- 图片：
class="img-responsive"：图片在任意尺寸宽度都占100%
<img src="..." class="img-responsive">
- 图片形状
<img src="..." alt="..." class="img-rounded"> <img src="..." alt="..." class="img-circle"> <img src="..." alt="..." class="img-thumbnail">
- 表格
table
table-bordered
table-hover
<table class="table table-bordered table-hover"> ... </table>
- 表单
给表单项添加：class="form-control"
<form> <div class="form-group"> <label for="exampleInputEmail1">Email address</label> <input type="email" class="form-control" id="exampleInputEmail1" placeholder="Email"> </div> <div class="form-group"> <label for="exampleInputPassword1">Password</label> <input type="password" class="form-control" id="exampleInputPassword1" placeholder="Password"> </div> <div class="form-group"> <label for="exampleInputFile">File input</label> <input type="file" id="exampleInputFile"> <p class="help-block">Example block-level help text here.</p> </div> <div class="checkbox"> <label> <input type="checkbox"> Check me out </label> </div> <button type="submit" class="btn btn-default">Submit</button> </form>
<form class="form-horizontal"> <div class="form-group"> <label for="inputEmail3" class="col-sm-2 control-label">Email</label> <div class="col-sm-10"> <input type="email" class="form-control" id="inputEmail3" placeholder="Email"> </div> </div> <div class="form-group"> <label for="inputPassword3" class="col-sm-2 control-label">Password</label> <div class="col-sm-10"> <input type="password" class="form-control" id="inputPassword3" placeholder="Password"> </div> </div> <div class="form-group"> <div class="col-sm-offset-2 col-sm-10"> <div class="checkbox"> <label> <input type="checkbox"> Remember me </label> </div> </div> </div> <div class="form-group"> <div class="col-sm-offset-2 col-sm-10"> <button type="submit" class="btn btn-default">Sign in</button> </div> </div> </form>
2、组件：
- 导航条
<!doctype html> <html lang="zh-CN"> <head> <meta charset="utf-8"> <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"> <title>Bootstrap 101 Template</title> <link rel="stylesheet" href="css/bootstrap.min.css"> <script src="js/jquery-3.2.1.min.js"></script> <script src="js/bootstrap.min.js"></script> </head> <body> <nav class="navbar navbar-default"> <div class="container-fluid"> <!-- Brand and toggle get grouped for better mobile display --> <div class="navbar-header"> <button type="button" class="navbar-toggle collapsed" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#bs-example-navbar-collapse-1" aria-expanded="false"> <span class="sr-only">Toggle navigation</span> <span class="icon-bar"></span> <span class="icon-bar"></span> <span class="icon-bar"></span> </button> <a class="navbar-brand" href="#">Brand</a> </div> <!-- Collect the nav links, forms, and other content for toggling --> <div class="collapse navbar-collapse" id="bs-example-navbar-collapse-1"> <ul class="nav navbar-nav"> <li class="active"><a href="#">Link <span class="sr-only">(current)</span></a></li> <li><a href="#">Link</a></li> <li class="dropdown"> <a href="#" class="dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">Dropdown <span class="caret"></span></a> <ul class="dropdown-menu"> <li><a href="#">Action</a></li> <li><a href="#">Another action</a></li> <li><a href="#">Something else here</a></li> <li role="separator" class="divider"></li> <li><a href="#">Separated link</a></li> <li role="separator" class="divider"></li> <li><a href="#">One more separated link</a></li> </ul> </li> </ul> <form class="navbar-form navbar-left"> <div class="form-group"> <input type="text" class="form-control" placeholder="Search"> </div> <button type="submit" class="btn btn-default">Submit</button> </form> <ul class="nav navbar-nav navbar-right"> <li><a href="#">Link</a></li> <li class="dropdown"> <a href="#" class="dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">Dropdown <span class="caret"></span></a> <ul class="dropdown-menu"> <li><a href="#">Action</a></li> <li><a href="#">Another action</a></li> <li><a href="#">Something else here</a></li> <li role="separator" class="divider"></li> <li><a href="#">Separated link</a></li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div><!-- /.navbar-collapse --> </div><!-- /.container-fluid --> </nav> </body> </html>
<nav class="navbar navbar-inverse"> ... </nav>
- 分页条
<nav aria-label="Page navigation"> <ul class="pagination"> <li> <a href="#" aria-label="Previous"> <span aria-hidden="true">«</span> </a> </li> <li><a href="#">1</a></li> <li><a href="#">2</a></li> <li><a href="#">3</a></li> <li><a href="#">4</a></li> <li><a href="#">5</a></li> <li> <a href="#" aria-label="Next"> <span aria-hidden="true">»</span> </a> </li> </ul> </nav>
3、插件：
- 轮播图
<div id="carousel-example-generic" class="carousel slide" data-ride="carousel"> <!-- Indicators --> <ol class="carousel-indicators"> <li data-target="#carousel-example-generic" data-slide-to="0" class="active"></li> <li data-target="#carousel-example-generic" data-slide-to="1"></li> <li data-target="#carousel-example-generic" data-slide-to="2"></li> </ol> <!-- Wrapper for slides --> <div class="carousel-inner" role="listbox"> <div class="item active"> <img src="img/banner_1.jpg" alt="..."> <div class="carousel-caption"> </div> </div> <div class="item"> <img src="img/banner_2.jpg" alt="..."> <div class="carousel-caption"> </div> </div> <div class="item"> <img src="img/banner_3.jpg" alt="..."> <div class="carousel-caption"> </div> </div> </div> <!-- Controls --> <a class="left carousel-control" href="#carousel-example-generic" role="button" data-slide="prev"> <span class="glyphicon glyphicon-chevron-left" aria-hidden="true"></span> <span class="sr-only">Previous</span> </a> <a class="right carousel-control" href="#carousel-example-generic" role="button" data-slide="next"> <span class="glyphicon glyphicon-chevron-right" aria-hidden="true"></span> <span class="sr-only">Next</span> </a> </div>
五、案例
<!doctype html> <html lang="zh-CN"> <head> <meta charset="utf-8"> <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"> <title>Bootstrap 101 Template</title> <link rel="stylesheet" href="css/bootstrap.min.css"> <script src="js/jquery-3.2.1.min.js"></script> <script src="js/bootstrap.min.js"></script> <style> .paddtop{ padding-top: 10px; } .search-input{ float: left; border: 2px solid #ffc900; width: 400px; height: 35px; padding-left: 5px; margin-top: 15px; } .search-btn{ float: left; border: 2px solid #ffc900; width: 50px; height: 35px; background-color: #ffc900; text-align: center; line-height: 35px; margin-top: 15px; } .jx{ border-bottom: 2px solid #ffc900; padding: 5px; } .company{ height: 40px; background-color: #ffc900; text-align: center; line-height:40px ; font-size: 8px; } </style> </head> <body> <!--1.页眉部分--> <header class="container-fluid"> <div class="row"> <img src="img/top_banner.jpg" class="img-responsive"> </div> <div class="row paddtop"> <div class="col-md-3"> <img src="img/logo.jpg" class="img-responsive"> </div> <div class="col-md-5"> <input class="search-input" placeholder="请输入线路名称"> <a href="#" class="search-btn">搜索</a> </div> <div class="col-md-4"> <img src="img/hotel_tel.png" class="img-responsive"> </div> </div> <!--导航条--> <div class="row"> <nav class="navbar navbar-default"> <div class="container-fluid"> <!-- Brand and toggle get grouped for better mobile display --> <div class="navbar-header"> <button type="button" class="navbar-toggle collapsed" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#bs-example-navbar-collapse-1" aria-expanded="false"> <span class="sr-only">Toggle navigation</span> <span class="icon-bar"></span> <span class="icon-bar"></span> <span class="icon-bar"></span> </button> <a class="navbar-brand" href="#">传智播客</a> </div> <!-- Collect the nav links, forms, and other content for toggling --> <div class="collapse navbar-collapse" id="bs-example-navbar-collapse-1"> <ul class="nav navbar-nav"> <li class="active"><a href="#">JavaEE <span class="sr-only">(current)</span></a></li> <li><a href="#">Android</a></li> <li><a href="#">Android</a></li> <li><a href="#">Android</a></li> <li><a href="#">Android</a></li> <li><a href="#">Android</a></li> <li><a href="#">Android</a></li> <li><a href="#">Android</a></li> <li><a href="#">Android</a></li> <li><a href="#">Android</a></li> <li><a href="#">Android</a></li> </ul> </div><!-- /.navbar-collapse --> </div><!-- /.container-fluid --> </nav> </div> <!--轮播图--> <div class="row"> <div id="carousel-example-generic" class="carousel slide" data-ride="carousel"> <!-- Indicators --> <ol class="carousel-indicators"> <li data-target="#carousel-example-generic" data-slide-to="0" class="active"></li> <li data-target="#carousel-example-generic" data-slide-to="1"></li> <li data-target="#carousel-example-generic" data-slide-to="2"></li> </ol> <!-- Wrapper for slides --> <div class="carousel-inner" role="listbox"> <div class="item active"> <img src="img/banner_1.jpg" alt="..."> <div class="carousel-caption"> </div> </div> <div class="item"> <img src="img/banner_2.jpg" alt="..."> <div class="carousel-caption"> </div> </div> <div class="item"> <img src="img/banner_3.jpg" alt="..."> <div class="carousel-caption"> </div> </div> </div> <!-- Controls --> <a class="left carousel-control" href="#carousel-example-generic" role="button" data-slide="prev"> <span class="glyphicon glyphicon-chevron-left" aria-hidden="true"></span> <span class="sr-only">Previous</span> </a> <a class="right carousel-control" href="#carousel-example-generic" role="button" data-slide="next"> <span class="glyphicon glyphicon-chevron-right" aria-hidden="true"></span> <span class="sr-only">Next</span> </a> </div> </div> </header> <!--2.主体部分--> <div class="container"> <div class="row jx"> <img src="img/icon_5.jpg"> <span>黑马精选</span> </div> <div class="row paddtop"> <div class="col-md-3"> <div class="thumbnail"> <img src="img/jiangxuan_3.jpg"> <p>上海直飞三亚5天4晚自由行(春节预售+亲子/蜜月/休闲游首选+豪华酒店任选+接送机)</p> <font color="red">¥ 699</font> </div> </div> <div class="col-md-3"> <div class="thumbnail"> <img src="img/jiangxuan_3.jpg"> <p>上海直飞三亚5天4晚自由行(春节预售+亲子/蜜月/休闲游首选+豪华酒店任选+接送机)</p> <font color="red">¥ 699</font> </div> </div> <div class="col-md-3"> <div class="thumbnail"> <img src="img/jiangxuan_3.jpg"> <p>上海直飞三亚5天4晚自由行(春节预售+亲子/蜜月/休闲游首选+豪华酒店任选+接送机)</p> <font color="red">¥ 699</font> </div> </div> <div class="col-md-3"> <div class="thumbnail"> <img src="img/jiangxuan_3.jpg"> <p>上海直飞三亚5天4晚自由行(春节预售+亲子/蜜月/休闲游首选+豪华酒店任选+接送机)</p> <font color="red">¥ 699</font> </div> </div> </div> <div class="row jx"> <img src="img/icon_6.jpg"> <span>国内游</span> </div> <div class="row paddtop"> <div class="col-md-4"> <img src="img/guonei_1.jpg"> </div> <div class="col-md-8"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-4"> <div class="thumbnail"> <img src="img/jiangxuan_3.jpg"> <p>上海直飞三亚5天4晚自由行(春节预售+亲子/蜜月/休闲游首选+豪华酒店任选+接送机)</p> <font color="red">¥ 699</font> </div> </div> <div class="col-md-4"> <div class="thumbnail"> <img src="img/jiangxuan_3.jpg"> <p>上海直飞三亚5天4晚自由行(春节预售+亲子/蜜月/休闲游首选+豪华酒店任选+接送机)</p> <font color="red">¥ 699</font> </div> </div> <div class="col-md-4"> <div class="thumbnail"> <img src="img/jiangxuan_3.jpg"> <p>上海直飞三亚5天4晚自由行(春节预售+亲子/蜜月/休闲游首选+豪华酒店任选+接送机)</p> <font color="red">¥ 699</font> </div> </div> </div> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-4"> <div class="thumbnail"> <img src="img/jiangxuan_3.jpg"> <p>上海直飞三亚5天4晚自由行(春节预售+亲子/蜜月/休闲游首选+豪华酒店任选+接送机)</p> <font color="red">¥ 699</font> </div> </div> <div class="col-md-4"> <div class="thumbnail"> <img src="img/jiangxuan_3.jpg"> <p>上海直飞三亚5天4晚自由行(春节预售+亲子/蜜月/休闲游首选+豪华酒店任选+接送机)</p> <font color="red">¥ 699</font> </div> </div> <div class="col-md-4"> <div class="thumbnail"> <img src="img/jiangxuan_3.jpg"> <p>上海直飞三亚5天4晚自由行(春节预售+亲子/蜜月/休闲游首选+豪华酒店任选+接送机)</p> <font color="red">¥ 699</font> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <!--3.页脚部分--> <footer class="container-fluid"> <div class="row"> <img src="img/footer_service.png" class="img-responsive"> </div> <div class="row company"> 江苏传智播客教育科技股份有限公司 版权所有Copyright 2006-2018, All Rights Reserved 苏ICP备16007882 </div> </footer> </body> </html>
