Caused by : java.io.IOException: Cleartext HTTP traffic to 《“url”》 not permitted
一、问题原因:
根本原因是从Android9.0开始,出于完全因素考虑,默认不再支持http网络请求,需要使用 https。
二、解决方案:
解决的基本思路是:对指定的网址进行过滤,强制允许指定网址继续使用http请求
参考地址1:https://stackoverflow.com/questions/45940861/android-8-cleartext-http-traffic-not-permitted
参考地址2:https://developer.android.com/training/articles/security-config#CleartextTrafficPermitted
参考地址3: https://koz.io/android-m-and-the-war-on-cleartext-traffic/
下列解决步骤基于参考地址1整理:
方案 1:
A:创建 res/xml/network_security_config.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <network-security-config> <domain-config cleartextTrafficPermitted="true"> <domain includeSubdomains="true">Your URL(ex: 127.0.0.1)</domain> </domain-config> </network-security-config>
注意:上述代码的意思是解除对指定网址的限制。
B:修改 AndroidManifest.xml
配置 android:networkSecurityConfig
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <manifest ...> <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET" /> <application ... android:networkSecurityConfig="@xml/network_security_config" ...> ... </application> </manifest>
方案 2:
A:修改AndroidManifest.xml
启用 android:usesCleartextTraffic
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <manifest ...> <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET" /> <application ... android:usesCleartextTraffic="true" ...> ... </application> </manifest>
方案 3:
在 @david.s'的回答中指出 也可能会导致该问题 -
在 Manifest Docs https://developer.android.com/guide/topics/manifest/manifest-element#targetSandboxVersion中对于 有如下描述
android:targetSandboxVersion
The target sandbox for this app to use. The higher the sandbox version number, the higher the level of security. Its default value is 1; you can also set it to 2. Setting this attribute to 2 switches the app to a different SELinux sandbox. The following restrictions apply to a level 2 sandbox:
The default value of usesCleartextTraffic in the Network Security Config is false.Uid sharing is not permitted.
所以,如果你在 AndroidManifest.xml 的节点中配置了 ,需要将它的值置为1.
A:修改AndroidManifest.xml
降低 android:targetSandboxVersion 的版本
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <manifest android:targetSandboxVersion="1"> <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET" /> ... </manifest>