automake

./configure --prefix="/root/code/install/x86" CPPFLAGS="-I/root/src/include" LDFLAGS="-L/usr/local/lib -L/root/code/x86/sqlite"

动态链接

AUTOMAKE_OPTIONS=foreign
SUBDIRS=face cgi
bin_PROGRAMS=main 
main_SOURCES=main.cpp
main_LDADD=face/libface.a -lopencv_video -lopencv_videostab -lrt -lpthread -lm -ldl  

静态库

AUTOMAKE_OPTIONS=foreign
noinst_LIBRARIES=libface.a 
libface_a_SOURCES=face.h face.cpp

静态链接

AUTOMAKE_OPTIONS=foreign
bin_PROGRAMS=hello.cgi <br>INCLUDES= -I../include/sqlite
hello_cgi_SOURCES=hello.cpp 
hello_cgi_LDADD= -lsqlite3 -lpthread -ldl
hello_cgi_LDFLAGS=-static

说明:

文件类型	书写格式
可执行文件	bin_PROGRAMS = foo
	foo_SOURCES = xxxx.c
	foo_LDADD = libfoolib.a
	foo_LDFLAGS =
	foo_DEPENDENCIES =
静态库	lib_LIBRARIES = libfoo.a
	foo_a_SOURCES =
	foo_a_LDADD =
	foo_a_LIBADD =
	foo_a_LDFALGS =
头文件	include_HEADERS = foo.h
数据文件	data_DATA = data1 data2

如果只想编译，而不想安装到系统中，就用 noinst_LIBRARIES 代替 bin_LIBRARIES ，对于可执行文件就用 noinst_PROGRAMS 代替 bin_PROGRAMS

还可以在Makefile.am添加编译参数AM_CPPFLAGS和AM_LDFLAGS

比如64位linux编译32位程序可以加入下面参数:

AM_CPPFLAGS = -m32
AM_LDFLAGS = -m32 -melf_32

减少无用的依赖

main_LDFLAGS=-Wl,--as-needed

1.autoscan (autoconf): 扫描源代码以搜寻普通的可移植性问题，比如检查编译器，库，头文件等，生成文件configure.scan,它是configure.ac的一个雏形。
2.aclocal (automake):根据已经安装的宏，用户定义宏和acinclude.m4文件中的宏将configure.ac文件所需要的宏集中定义到文件 aclocal.m4中。
aclocal是一个perl 脚本程序，它的定义是：“aclocal - create aclocal.m4 by scanning configure.ac”
  
user input files   optional input     process          output files
================   ==============     =======          ============
  
                    acinclude.m4 - - - - -.
                                          V
                                      .-------,
configure.ac ------------------------>|aclocal|
                 {user macro files} ->|       |------> aclocal.m4
                                      `-------'
3.autoheader(autoconf): 根据configure.ac中的某些宏，比如cpp宏定义，运行m4，声称config.h.in
  
user input files    optional input     process          output files
================    ==============     =======          ============
  
                    aclocal.m4 - - - - - - - .
                                             |
                                             V
                                     .----------,
configure.ac ----------------------->|autoheader|----> autoconfig.h.in
                                     `----------'
4.automake: automake将Makefile.am中定义的结构建立Makefile.in，然后configure脚本将生成的Makefile.in文件转换为Makefile。
如果在configure.ac中定义了一些特殊的宏，比如AC_PROG_LIBTOOL，它会调用libtoolize，
否则它会自己产生config.guess和config.sub
  
user input files   optional input   processes          output files
================   ==============   =========          ============
  
                                     .--------,
                                     |        | - - -> COPYING
                                     |        | - - -> INSTALL
                                     |        |------> install-sh
                                     |        |------> missing
                                     |automake|------> mkinstalldirs
configure.ac ----------------------->|        |
Makefile.am  ----------------------->|        |------> Makefile.in
                                     |        |------> stamp-h.in
                                 .---+        | - - -> config.guess
                                 |   |        | - - -> config.sub
                                 |   `------+-'
                                 |          | - - - -> config.guess
                                 |libtoolize| - - - -> config.sub
                                 |          |--------> ltmain.sh
                                 |          |--------> ltconfig
                                 `----------'
5.autoconf:将configure.ac中的宏展开，生成configure脚本。这个过程可能要用到aclocal.m4中定义的宏。
  
user input files   optional input   processes          output files
================   ==============   =========          ============
  
                   aclocal.m4 - - - - - -.
                                         V
                                     .--------,
configure.ac ----------------------->|autoconf|------> configure ----->autoconfig.h,Makefile