[实验]Data Guard 环境下修改数据库字符集

环境：

VMWARE

      OS：CentOS 5.3

      Primary：Oracle 10.2.0.1.0

      Standby：Oracle 10.2.0.1.0

 

下面的操作均在Primary上，不会影响到Standby DB，备库需要单独操作。
数据库更改字符集：
源字符集   目标字符集
WE8ISO8859P1 --> AL32UTF8
AL16UTF16 --> AL16UTF16

 

<方法一>：由于目标字符集不是源字符集的超集，所以导致失败
　　Startup nomount;
　　Alter database mount exclusive;
　　Alter system enable restricted session;
　　Alter system set job_queue_processes=0;**
　　Alter database open;
　　Alter database character set AL32UTF8;
在最后一步报错，内容为目标字符集不是源字符集的超集
过程：
SQL> shutdown immediate;
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.
SQL> startup nomount;
ORA-32004: obsolete and/or deprecated parameter(s) specified
ORACLE instance started.

 

Total System Global Area  272629760 bytes
Fixed Size                  1218920 bytes
Variable Size              92276376 bytes
Database Buffers          176160768 bytes
Redo Buffers                2973696 bytes
SQL> Alter database mount exclusive;

 

Database altered.

 

SQL> Alter system enable restricted session;

 

System altered.

 
SQL> Alter system set job_queue_processes=0;

 

System altered.

 

SQL> Alter database open;

 

Database altered.

 

SQL> Alter database character set AL32UTF8;
Alter database character set AL32UTF8
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-12712: new character set must be a superset of old character set

 

SQL> host
[oracle@Primary ~]$ oerr ora 12712
12712, 00000, "new character set must be a superset of old character set"
// *Cause: When you ALTER DATABASE ... CHARACTER SET, the new
//         character set must be a superset of the old character set.
//         For example, WE8ISO8859P1 is not a superset of the WE8DEC.
// *Action: Specify a superset character set.

 

<方法二>：成功，但此方法非常危险，可能会造成数据库崩溃
SQL> show user;
USER is "SYS"
SQL> select status from v$instance;

 

STATUS
------------------------------------
OPEN

 

SQL> update props$ set value$ = 'AL32UTF8' where name = 'NLS_CHARACTERSET';

 

1 row updated.

 

SQL> update props$ set value$ = 'AL16UTF16' where name = 'NLS_NCHAR_CHARACTERSET';

 

1 row updated.

 

SQL> commit;

 

Commit complete.

 

SQL> exit
Disconnected from Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP and Data Mining options
/home/oracle>sqlplus / as sysdba;

 

SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Wed Apr 15 17:15:47 2009

 

Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

 

Connected to:
Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP and Data Mining options

 

SQL> shutdown immediate;
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.
SQL> startup mount;
ORA-32004: obsolete and/or deprecated parameter(s) specified
ORACLE instance started.

 

Total System Global Area  272629760 bytes
Fixed Size                  1218920 bytes
Variable Size              92276376 bytes
Database Buffers          176160768 bytes
Redo Buffers                2973696 bytes
Database mounted.
SQL> alter system enable restricted session;

 

System altered.

 

SQL> alter system set job_queue_processes=0;

 

System altered.

 

SQL> alter database open;

 

Database altered.

 

SQL> alter database character set AL32UTF8;

 

Database altered.

 

SQL> shutdown immediate;
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.
SQL> exit
/home/oracle>sqlplus / as sysdba;

 

SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Wed Apr 15 17:21:15 2009

 

Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

 

Connected to an idle instance.

 

SQL> startup
ORA-32004: obsolete and/or deprecated parameter(s) specified
ORACLE instance started.

 

Total System Global Area  272629760 bytes
Fixed Size                  1218920 bytes
Variable Size              92276376 bytes
Database Buffers          176160768 bytes
Redo Buffers                2973696 bytes
Database mounted.
Database opened.

 

SQL>select * from v$nls_parameters;
1 NLS_LANGUAGE SIMPLIFIED CHINESE
2 NLS_TERRITORY CHINA
3 NLS_CURRENCY ？
4 NLS_ISO_CURRENCY CHINA
5 NLS_NUMERIC_CHARACTERS .,
6 NLS_CALENDAR GREGORIAN
7 NLS_DATE_FORMAT DD-MON-RR
8 NLS_DATE_LANGUAGE SIMPLIFIED CHINESE
9 NLS_CHARACTERSET WE8ISO8859P1
10 NLS_SORT BINARY
11 NLS_TIME_FORMAT HH.MI.SSXFF AM
12 NLS_TIMESTAMP_FORMAT DD-MON-RR HH.MI.SSXFF AM
13 NLS_TIME_TZ_FORMAT HH.MI.SSXFF AM TZR
14 NLS_TIMESTAMP_TZ_FORMAT DD-MON-RR HH.MI.SSXFF AM TZR
15 NLS_DUAL_CURRENCY ？
16 NLS_NCHAR_CHARACTERSET AL16UTF16
17 NLS_COMP BINARY
18 NLS_LENGTH_SEMANTICS BYTE
19 NLS_NCHAR_CONV_EXCP FALSE
成功更改！