java 通过HttpURLConnection与servlet通信
研究了一天才搞清楚,其实挺简单的,在这里记录下,以便以后参考。
一、创建一个servlet项目
主要包括(WEB-INF)里面有classes文件夹、lib文件夹、web.xml文件。
将写好的servlet类编译成的.class放到项目中的classes文件夹下(我的是helloServlet.class)
1、在web.xml中配置
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?> <web-app xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" version="2.5"> <servlet> <servlet-name>HelloServlet</servlet-name> <servlet-class>helloServlet</servlet-class><!-路径加名称,如果是在classes中的myclass中则用:myclass/helloServlet。如果是lib中的.jar包则用com.gis.arcgisengine.ServiceContext的形式-> </servlet> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>HelloServlet</servlet-name> <url-pattern>/hello</url-pattern><!-通过url访问的别名,实际上就是对helloServlet.class的访问,前面的/不能少-> </servlet-mapping> </web-app>
2、helloServlet文件(是servlet类)
import java.io.IOException; import java.io.PrintWriter; import java.io.ObjectInputStream; import java.io.ObjectOutputStream; import javax.servlet.ServletException; import javax.servlet.ServletOutputStream; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse; public class helloServlet extends HttpServlet { private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L; public helloServlet() { super(); } public void destroy() { super.destroy(); // Just puts "destroy" string in log // Put your code here } public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException { doPost(request,response); } public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException { //overwrite String[] myName = null; response.setContentType("application/octet-stream"); try { ObjectInputStream ois = new ObjectInputStream(request.getInputStream()); Object obj = ois.readObject();//读取输入对象(传过来的流对象) ois.close(); myName = (String[])obj; for(int i=0;i<myName.length;i++){ System.out.println(myName[i]); } } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } String name = request.getParameter("name"); ServletOutputStream out = response.getOutputStream(); ObjectOutputStream oos = new ObjectOutputStream(out); oos.writeObject(name);//写入输出对象(返回给调用函数) oos.close(); out.close(); /*String name = request.getParameter("name"); if(name != null){ name = new String(name.getBytes("ISO-8859-1"),"GB2312"); }else{ name = "默认值"; } response.setContentType("text/html;charset=GB2312"); PrintWriter out = response.getWriter(); out.println("<HTML>"); out.println(" <HEAD><TITLE>A Servlet</TITLE></HEAD>"); out.println(" <BODY>"); out.println("<h1>"+name+":你好</h1>"); out.println(" </BODY>"); out.println("</HTML>"); System.out.println(name); out.flush(); out.close();*/ } public void init() throws ServletException { // Put your code here } }
二、创建普通项目并调用servlet项目中的helloServlet.class中的方法
1、项目中创建普通类
import java.io.ObjectInputStream; import java.io.ObjectOutputStream; import java.net.HttpURLConnection; import java.net.URL; public class webtest { public static void myFun(){ try{ String[] arr = {"aaa","bbb","ccc","ddd"}; String tempGisEngineUrl = "http://sun:8080/helloapp/hello?name=中国";//hello是在servlet项目中web.xml中配置的url访问别名。 URL imsServerURL = new URL(tempGisEngineUrl); HttpURLConnection imsConnection = (HttpURLConnection) imsServerURL .openConnection(); imsConnection.setDoInput(true); imsConnection.setDoOutput(true); imsConnection.setUseCaches(false); imsConnection.setDefaultUseCaches(false); imsConnection.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "application/octet-stream"); ObjectOutputStream oos = new ObjectOutputStream(imsConnection .getOutputStream()); oos.writeObject(arr);//写入输出对象 oos.flush(); oos.close(); ObjectInputStream ois = new ObjectInputStream(imsConnection .getInputStream()); String oResult = (String)ois.readObject();//读取输入对象 ois.close(); imsConnection.disconnect(); System.out.println("from servlet:"+oResult);//将读取到的输入对象进行转换后打印到后台 }catch(Exception ex){ System.out.println(ex.getMessage()); } } public static void main(String[] args){ myFun(); } }
三、运行结果:
1、在servlet端输出:
aaa
bbb
ccc
ddd
2、在调用端输出:from servlet:中国
注意:
实现service方法。
Servlet的主要功能是接受从浏览器发送过来的HTTP请求(request),并返回HTTP响应(response)。这个工作是在service方法中完成的。service方法包括从request对象获得客户端数据和向response对象创建输出。
如果一个Servlet从javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet继承,实现了doPost或doGet方法,那么这个Servlet只能对POST或GET做出响应。如果开发人员想处理所有类型的请求(request),只要简单地实现service方法即可(但假如选择实现service方法,则不必实现doPost或doGet方法,除非在service方法的开始调用super.service())。
多看一行书,就少写一行代码,记录点滴,用心生活。