Docker 集群Swarm创建和Swarm Web管理

关于Docker Swarm更多的介绍请查看《Docker管理工具-Swarm部署记录》

一、环境配置

1、安装环境

# cat /etc/redhat-release 
CentOS Linux release 7.3.1611 (Core) 
# docker version
Client:
 Version:      1.12.3
 API version:  1.24
 Go version:   go1.6.3
 Git commit:   6b644ec
 Built:        
 OS/Arch:      linux/amd64

Server:
 Version:      1.12.3
 API version:  1.24
 Go version:   go1.6.3
 Git commit:   6b644ec
 Built:        
 OS/Arch:      linux/amd64

2、安装iptables，并关闭firewall防火墙，

# yum install iptables-services -y &&  systemctl enable iptables &&  service iptables save
# systemctl disable firewalld.service
# systemctl stop firewalld.service

关闭firewall防火墙，如果不开启iptables nat，Docker容器将无法正常启动。

运行 sudo iptables -L | grep DOCKER 若输出

DOCKER     all  --  anywhere             anywhere
Chain DOCKER (1 references)

则没问题。

否则，运行 iptables-save > /etc/sysconfig/iptables 并编辑添加相应的内容：

*nat
:PREROUTING ACCEPT [27:11935]
:INPUT ACCEPT [0:0]
:OUTPUT ACCEPT [598:57368]
:POSTROUTING ACCEPT [591:57092]
:DOCKER - [0:0]
-A PREROUTING -m addrtype --dst-type LOCAL -j DOCKER
-A OUTPUT ! -d 127.0.0.0/8 -m addrtype --dst-type LOCAL -j DOCKER
-A POSTROUTING -s 172.17.0.0/16 ! -o docker0 -j MASQUERADE
COMMIT
# Completed on Sun Sep 20 17:35:31 2015
# Generated by iptables-save v1.4.21 on Sun Sep 20 17:35:31 2015
*filter
:INPUT ACCEPT [139291:461018923]
:FORWARD ACCEPT [0:0]
:OUTPUT ACCEPT [127386:5251162]
:DOCKER - [0:0]
-A FORWARD -o docker0 -j DOCKER
-A FORWARD -o docker0 -m conntrack --ctstate RELATED,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT
-A FORWARD -i docker0 ! -o docker0 -j ACCEPT
-A FORWARD -i docker0 -o docker0 -j ACCEPT
COMMIT
# Completed on Sun Sep 20 17:35:31 2015

3、所有主机节点docker开启2375监听，docker版本不同，配置方式不一样

vim /etc/sysconfig/docker

......
OPTIONS='-H 0.0.0.0:2375 -H unix:///var/run/docker.sock'           //在OPTIONS参数项后面的''里添加内容

或者

# cat  /usr/lib/systemd/system/docker.service  |grep ExecStart
ExecStart=/usr/bin/dockerd   -H 0.0.0.0:2375  -H unix:///var/run/docker.sock

重启docker服务

systemctl daemon-reload    ##使配置文件生效
systemctl restart docker

二、Swarm安装和集群创建

1、Swarm镜像下载

# docker pull swarm
# docker images
REPOSITORY          TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
docker.io/swarm     latest              36b1e23becab        4 months ago        15.85 MB

2、创建Swarm

# docker swarm init --advertise-addr  192.168.23.56:2377
Swarm initialized: current node (4cejtuairtof6d0wjq88merwb) is now a manager.

To add a worker to this swarm, run the following command:

    docker swarm join \
    --token SWMTKN-1-3kntv9pmgo1w2uk4yqk79v0lw0z35uw2k5j6rw7cns2v0xv3tn-2zqnn7e2zf1azaad2teeh9arw \
    192.168.23.56:2377

To add a manager to this swarm, run 'docker swarm join-token manager' and follow the instructions.

上面命令执行后，该机器自动加入到swarm集群。这个会创建一个集群token，获取全球唯一的 token，作为集群唯一标识。后续将其他节点加入集群都会用到这个token值。

其中，--advertise-addr参数表示其它swarm中的worker节点使用此ip地址与manager联系。命令的输出包含了其它节点如何加入集群的命令。

3、添加集群节点

[root@kbsonlong ~]# docker swarm join \
>     --token SWMTKN-1-3kntv9pmgo1w2uk4yqk79v0lw0z35uw2k5j6rw7cns2v0xv3tn-2zqnn7e2zf1azaad2teeh9arw \
>     192.168.23.56:2377
This node joined a swarm as a worker.

4、查看集群节点

[root@along ~]# docker node list
ID                           HOSTNAME     STATUS  AVAILABILITY  MANAGER STATUS
4cejtuairtof6d0wjq88merwb *  along.party  Ready   Active        Leader
9388mi6e3fnk9l70g24cljhr5    kbsonlong    Ready   Active

[root@along ~]# docker node list
ID                           HOSTNAME     STATUS  AVAILABILITY  MANAGER STATUS
4cejtuairtof6d0wjq88merwb *  along.party  Ready   Active        Leader
9388mi6e3fnk9l70g24cljhr5    kbsonlong    Ready   Active        

//将kbsonlong  节点下线。如果要删除node1节点，命令是"docker node rm --force kbsonlong  "
[root@along ~]# docker node update --availability drain kbsonlong  
kbsonlong
[root@along ~]# docker node list
ID                           HOSTNAME     STATUS  AVAILABILITY  MANAGER STATUS
4cejtuairtof6d0wjq88merwb *  along.party  Ready   Active        Leader
9388mi6e3fnk9l70g24cljhr5    kbsonlong    Ready   Drain         
[root@along ~]#
//可以看到kbsonlong节点状态变为Drain，那么该节点就不会接受task任务分发，就算之前已经接受的任务也会转移到别的节点上。
 

//再次修改为active状态（及将下线的节点再次上线）
[root@along ~]# docker node update --availability active kbsonlong
kbsonlong
[root@along ~]# docker node list
ID                           HOSTNAME     STATUS  AVAILABILITY  MANAGER STATUS
4cejtuairtof6d0wjq88merwb *  along.party  Ready   Active        Leader
9388mi6e3fnk9l70g24cljhr5    kbsonlong    Ready   Active        
[root@along ~]#

##关于Swarm更多的命令行操作，请查看《Docker管理工具-Swarm部署记录》

三、Swarm 的Web管理（Portainer、Shipyard、Docerkui）

1、Portainer安装

# docker run -d -p 9000:9000 -v /var/run/docker.sock:/var/run/docker.sock portainer/portainer
-d 参数以detach方式运行
-p 将容器工作端口映射至物理机端口 HOST端口:容器端口
-v 将容器目录挂载(映射)到物理机对应位置,这里指定通讯方式为sock
portainer/portainer 为镜像名称

portainner 也支持用TCP通讯，启动命令
# docker run -d -p 9000:9000 portainer/portainer -H tcp://<REMOTE_HOST>:<REMOTE_PORT>

优点

支持容器管理、镜像管理
轻量级，消耗资源少
基于docker api，安全性高，可指定docker api端口，支持TLS证书认证。
支持权限分配
支持集群

缺点

功能不够强大。
容器创建后，无法通过后台增加端口。

2、Shipyard

一键安装脚本

curl -sSL https://shipyard-project.com/deploy | bash -s

注意：由于Shipyard使用shipyard-proxy代理容器，所以需要把docker配置的tcp 0.0.0.0:2375关闭

[root@kbsonlong ~]# docker ps -a |grep shi
7122d3f37464        shipyard/shipyard:latest       "/bin/controller --de"   About an hour ago   Up About an hour    0.0.0.0:8080->8080/tcp                           shipyard-controller
b350b117d76d        swarm:latest                   "/swarm j --addr 172."   About an hour ago   Up About an hour    2375/tcp                                         shipyard-swarm-agent
a7feb0759efe        swarm:latest                   "/swarm m --replicati"   About an hour ago   Up About an hour    2375/tcp                                         shipyard-swarm-manager
3e784b0b2140        shipyard/docker-proxy:latest   "/usr/local/bin/run"     About an hour ago   Up About an hour    0.0.0.0:2375->2375/tcp                           shipyard-proxy
49f9700f0811        alpine                         "sh"                     About an hour ago   Up About an hour                                                     shipyard-certs
7fe4c0e821c1        microbox/etcd:latest           "/bin/etcd -addr 172."   About an hour ago   Up About an hour    0.0.0.0:4001->4001/tcp, 0.0.0.0:7001->7001/tcp   shipyard-discovery
e3750c5de7e2        rethinkdb                      "rethinkdb --bind all"   About an hour ago   Up About an hour    8080/tcp, 28015/tcp, 29015/tcp                   shipyard-rethinkdb
[root@kbsonlong ~]#

可以看到启动了7个Shipyard相关的容器

1、shipyard-rethinkdb ：数据存放

2、shipyard-discovery ：自动发现

3、shipyard-certs：认证

4、shipyard-proxy：代理

5、shipyard-swarm-manager： swarm管理节点

6、shipyard-swarm-agent： swarm 工作节点 work

7、shipyard-controller：shipyard控制台，即Web页面

2、添加Swarm work节点，使用Shipyard时添加Swarm节点有点不一样

curl -sSL https://shipyard-project.com/deploy | ACTION=node DISCOVERY=etcd://10.0.1.10:4001 bash -s

ACTION

This controls the action for the deployment. Available options are:

deploy: Deploy a new Shipyard instance
upgrade: Upgrade an existing instance (note: you will need to pass the same environment variables as when you deployed to keep the same configuration)
node: Add current Docker engine as a new Swarm node in the cluster
remove: Completely removes Shipyard

DISCOVERY自动发现

etcd://10.0.1.10:4001 管理节点上的自动发现服务

:8080">:8080">:8080">:8080">http://<server_ip>:8080 admin/shipyard