[虚拟化]虚拟机 XML 配置

虚拟机 XML 配置示例

虚拟机的 XML 配置(也称为 域 XML )决定虚拟机的设置和组件。下表显示了虚拟机(VM)的 XML 配置示例并解释了其内容。

要获取虚拟机的 XML 配置，您可以使用 virsh dumpxml 命令，后跟虚拟机的名称。

virsh dumpxml demo-guest1

XML 配置示例和解释

<domain type='kvm' id='13'>
  <name>demo-guest1</name>
  <uuid>409fc837-ef54-48c9-9a47-c62fe383d33d</uuid>
  <!-- guset可以使用的最大内存，以KB为单位 -->  
  <memory unit='KiB'>2097152</memory>
  <!-- guest启动时内存，可以通过virsh setmem来调整内存，但不能大于最大可使用内存 -->  
  <currentMemory unit='KiB'>2097152</currentMemory>
  <!-- 分配的虚拟cpu --> 
  <vcpu placement='static'>2</vcpu>
  <resource>
    <partition>/machine</partition>
  </resource>
  <os>
    <type arch='x86_64' machine='pc-i440fx-rhel7.0.0'>hvm</type>
    <boot dev='hd'/>
  </os>
  <features>
    <acpi/>
    <apic/>
  <!-- 处理器特性 --> 
  </features>
  <cpu mode='custom' match='exact' check='full'>
    <model fallback='forbid'>Skylake-Server-IBRS</model>
    <feature policy='require' name='md-clear'/>
    <feature policy='require' name='spec-ctrl'/>
    <feature policy='require' name='ssbd'/>
    <feature policy='require' name='hypervisor'/>
    <feature policy='disable' name='arat'/>
  </cpu>
  <!-- 时钟, 使用本地时间: utc --> 
  <clock offset='utc'>
    <timer name='rtc' tickpolicy='catchup'/>
    <timer name='pit' tickpolicy='delay'/>
    <timer name='hpet' present='no'/>
  </clock>
  <!-- 定义了在kvm环境中crash时的默认的动作分别为destroy和restart。
    destroy：停止该虚拟机。相当于关闭电源。
    restart: 重启虚拟机 -->  
  <on_poweroff>destroy</on_poweroff>
  <on_reboot>restart</on_reboot>
  <on_crash>destroy</on_crash>
  <pm>
    <suspend-to-mem enabled='no'/>
    <suspend-to-disk enabled='no'/>
  </pm>
  <!-- 设备定义开始 -->
  <devices>
    <!-- 模拟器，此处路径为qemu-kvm绝对路径 -->
    <emulator>/usr/libexec/qemu-kvm</emulator>
    <!-- 用于kvm启动或者存储的文件,启动设备为：/image/UCarApp1/UCarApp1_clone-disk1.raw -->
    <disk type='file' device='disk'>
      <driver name='qemu' type='raw'/>
      <source file='/image/UCarApp1/UCarApp1_clone-disk1.raw'/>
      <backingStore/>
      <target dev='vda' bus='virtio'/>
      <!-- 可通过--disk 修改磁盘总线类型为ide --disk UCarApp1_clone-disk1.raw,bus=ide -->
      <alias name='virtio-disk0'/>
      <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x06' function='0x0'/>
    </disk>
    <controller type='usb' index='0' model='ich9-ehci1'>
      <alias name='usb'/>
      <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x04' function='0x7'/>
    </controller>
    <controller type='usb' index='0' model='ich9-uhci1'>
      <alias name='usb'/>
      <master startport='0'/>
      <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x04' function='0x0' multifunction='on'/>
    </controller>
    <controller type='usb' index='0' model='ich9-uhci2'>
      <alias name='usb'/>
      <master startport='2'/>
      <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x04' function='0x1'/>
    </controller>
    <controller type='usb' index='0' model='ich9-uhci3'>
      <alias name='usb'/>
      <master startport='4'/>
      <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x04' function='0x2'/>
    </controller>
    <controller type='pci' index='0' model='pci-root'>
      <alias name='pci.0'/>
    </controller>
    <controller type='virtio-serial' index='0'>
      <alias name='virtio-serial0'/>
      <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x05' function='0x0'/>
    </controller>
    <!-- 采用普通的驱动，即硬盘和网卡都采用默认配置情况下，网卡工作在 模拟的rtl 8139 网卡下，速度为100M 全双工。采用 virtio 驱动后，网卡工作在 1000M 的模式下 -->
    <interface type='bridge'>
      <mac address='52:54:00:bc:1b:74'/>
      <source bridge='br0'/>
      <target dev='vnet6'/>
      <model type='virtio'/>
      <alias name='net0'/>
      <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x03' function='0x0'/>
    </interface>
    <serial type='pty'>
      <source path='/dev/pts/11'/>
      <target type='isa-serial' port='0'>
        <model name='isa-serial'/>
      </target>
      <alias name='serial0'/>
    </serial>
    <console type='pty' tty='/dev/pts/11'>
      <source path='/dev/pts/11'/>
      <target type='serial' port='0'/>
      <alias name='serial0'/>
    </console>
    <channel type='unix'>
      <source mode='bind' path='/var/lib/libvirt/qemu/channel/target/domain-13-demo-guest1/org.qemu.guest_agent.0'/>
      <target type='virtio' name='org.qemu.guest_agent.0' state='disconnected'/>
      <alias name='channel0'/>
      <address type='virtio-serial' controller='0' bus='0' port='1'/>
    </channel>
    <!-- 输入设备 -->
    <input type='tablet' bus='usb'>
      <alias name='input0'/>
      <address type='usb' bus='0' port='1'/>
    </input>
    <!-- 输入设备 -->
    <input type='mouse' bus='ps2'>
      <alias name='input1'/>
    </input>
    <input type='keyboard' bus='ps2'>
      <alias name='input2'/>
    </input>
    <!-- 定义与guset交互的图形设备。在这个例子中，使用vnc协议。listen的地址为0.0.0.0的地址。prot为5903,通过以下的命令查找端口号: virsh vncdisplay guestName -->
    <graphics type='vnc' port='5903' autoport='yes' listen='0.0.0.0'>
      <listen type='address' address='0.0.0.0'/>
    </graphics>
    <video>
      <model type='cirrus' vram='16384' heads='1' primary='yes'/>
      <alias name='video0'/>
      <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x02' function='0x0'/>
    </video>
    <memballoon model='virtio'>
      <alias name='balloon0'/>
      <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x07' function='0x0'/>
    </memballoon>
    <rng model='virtio'>
      <backend model='random'>/dev/urandom</backend>
      <alias name='rng0'/>
      <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x08' function='0x0'/>
    </rng>
  <!-- 设备定义结束 -->
  </devices>
  <seclabel type='dynamic' model='selinux' relabel='yes'>
    <label>system_u:system_r:svirt_t:s0:c47,c808</label>
    <imagelabel>system_u:object_r:svirt_image_t:s0:c47,c808</imagelabel>
  </seclabel>
  <seclabel type='dynamic' model='dac' relabel='yes'>
    <label>+107:+107</label>
    <imagelabel>+107:+107</imagelabel>
  </seclabel>
</domain>