「模板」快读快写

namespace IO
{
    template <typename T>
    void read(T &x)
    {
        x = 0; bool f = 0; char c = gc();
        while(!isdigit(c)) f |= c == '-', c = gc();
        while(isdigit(c)) x = x * 10 + c - '0', c = gc();
        if(f) x = -x;
    }

    template <typename T>
    void write(T x)
    {
        if(x < 0) pc('-'), x = -x;
        if(x > 9) write(x / 10);
        pc('0' + x % 10);
    }
}
using namespace IO;