Hive不同文件的读取对比
stored as textfile
直接查看hdfs
hadoop fs -text
hive> create table test_txt(name string,val string) stored as textfile;
stored as sequencefile
hadoop fs -text
hive> create table test_seq(name string,val string) stored as sequencefile;
stored as rcfile
hive –service rcfilecat path
hive> create table test_rc(name string,val string) stored as rcfile;
stored as inputformat ‘class’自定义
outformat ‘class’
基本步骤:
1、编写自定义类
2、打成jar包
3、添加jar文件,hive> add jar /***/***/***.jar
(当前生效)或者拷贝到hive安装目录的lib目录下,重启客户端(永久生效)。
4、创建表,指定自定义的类
Hive使用SerDe
SerDe是”Serializer”和”Deserializer”的简写。
Hive使用SerDe(和FileFormat)来读、写表的行。
读写数据的顺序如下:
HDFS文件-->InputFileFormat--><key,value>-->Deserializer-->Row对象 Row对象-->Serializer--><key,value>-->OutputFileFormat-->HDFS文件
Hive自带的序列化与反序列化
当然我们也可以自己实现自定义的序列化与反序列化
Hive自定义序列化与反序列化步骤
1、实现接口SerDe或者继承AbstractSerDe抽象类
2、重写里面的方法
Demo:
创建表
drop table apachelog; create table apachelog( host string, identity string, user string, time string, request string, status string, size string, referer string, agent string ) row format serde 'org.apache.hadoop.hive.contrib.serde2.RegexSerDe' with serdeproperties( "input.regex" = "([^ ]*) ([^ ]*) ([^ ]*) ([^ ]*) ([^ ]*) ([0-9]*) ([0-9]*) ([^ ]*) ([^ ]*)" )stored as textfile;
cat serdedata 110.52.250.126 test user - GET 200 1292 refer agent 27.19.74.143 test root - GET 200 680 refer agent
加载数据
load data local inpath '/liguodong/hivedata/serdedata' overwrite into table apachelog;
查看内容
select * from apachelog; select host from apachelog;