239 vue学习【第5篇】：vue-cli脚手架（框架）

一、创建vue项目

npm install vue-cli -g   #-g全局
(sudo)npm install vue-cli -g   #mac笔记本

vue-init webpack myvue  #项目的名字
cd muvue
npm install
npm run dev

二、目录结构的说明

出现下面这样的图就说明成功了

 

三、import和require的区别

import一定要放在文件顶部，他相当于一个指针引用了文件，并没有吧文件包含进来，需要调用文件时才引入
require可以吧文件放在任何位置，他是吧文件直接包含进来

四、设置文件路径的流程

1）建立组件（.vue的文件）
2）配置路由（index.js文件中配置）
3）<router-link></router-link>
4)<router-view></router-view>
5)import 包名 from "组件路径"
6)comonents进行注册

五、实现异步加载

//异步
vue-resource:实现异步加载数据（已经弃用）
axios：实现异步加载数据
npm install axios --save-dev
npm install vue-axios --save-dev

 

六、VUE的生命周期

1、定义vue对象并实例化
2、执行created函数
3、编译模板，只会编译template的模板
4、吧HTML元素渲染到页面当中
5、执行mounted函数，（加载）相当于onload
6、如果有元素的更新，就执行update函数
7、销毁实例

六、项目实战

仿抽屉网站

ALL.vue

 1 <template>
 2   <div class='box'>
 3     <ul>
 4       <li v-for='item in arr'>
 5         <div class='p1'>
 6           <router-link :to="{path:'/detail',query:{ids:item.id}}">{{item.content}} </router-link>
 7         </div>
 8         <div class="p2">
 9           <img :src="item.imgUrl">
10         </div>
11       </li>
12 
13     </ul>
14 
15   </div>
16 </template>
17 
18 <script>
19   export default {
20     name: 'HelloWorld',
21     data () {
22       return {
23         arr: []
24       }
25     },
26     mounted () {
27       var url = '../../static/news.json'
28       var self=this;
29       this.$axios.get(url)
30         .then(function (response) {
31           console.log(response.data.result.data);
32           self.arr = response.data.result.data;
33         })
34         .catch(function (error) {
35           console.log(error);
36         })
37     }
38   }
39 </script>
40 
41 <!-- Add "scoped" attribute to limit CSS to this component only -->
42 <style scoped>
43   h1, h2 {
44     font-weight: normal;
45   }
46 
47   ul {
48     list-style-type: none;
49     padding: 0;
50   }
51 
52   li {
53     display: inline-block;
54     margin: 0 10px;
55   }
56 
57   a {
58     color: #42b983;
59   }
60 .box{
61   width: 980px;
62 }
63 .p1{
64   float:left;
65   width:780px;
66 }
67  img{
68   float:right;
69  }
70 </style>
View Code

DETAIL.vue

 1 <template>
 2   <div class="box">
 3     <h1>我是详细页面{{id}}</h1>
 4     <ul>
 5       <li>
 6         <div class="p1">
 7           {{obj.content}}
 8         </div>
 9         <div class="p2">
10           <img :src="obj.imgUrl">
11         </div>
12 
13       </li>
14     </ul>
15   </div>
16 </template>
17 
18 <script>
19   export default {
20     name: 'Detail',
21     data () {
22       return {
23           obj:{} ,
24           id:this.$route.query.ids
25       }
26     },
27     mounted(){
28       var url = "../../static/news.json"
29       var self =this;
30       this.$axios.get(url,{
31           params:{id:this.id}
32       })
33         .then(function (response) {
34           //console.log(response.data.result.data);
35           self.obj = response.data.result.data[0];
36         })
37         .catch(function (error) {
38           console.log(error);
39         })
40     }
41   }
42 </script>
43 
44 <!-- Add "scoped" attribute to limit CSS to this component only -->
45 <style scoped>
46   h1, h2 {
47     font-weight: normal;
48   }
49 
50   ul {
51     list-style-type: none;
52     padding: 0;
53   }
54 
55   li {
56     display: inline-block;
57     margin: 0 10px;
58   }
59 
60   a {
61     color: #42b983;
62   }
63   .box{
64     width: 980px;
65   }
66 
67   .p1{
68     float:left;
69     width:700px;
70   }
71   .p2{
72     float:right;
73   }
74 </style>
View Code

DUANZI.vue

 1 <template>
 2   <div>
 3     <h1> 我是段子手</h1>
 4   </div>
 5 </template>
 6 
 7 <script>
 8 export default {
 9   name: 'HelloWorld',
10   data () {
11     return {
12 
13     }
14   }
15 }
16 </script>
17 
18 <!-- Add "scoped" attribute to limit CSS to this component only -->
19 <style scoped>
20 h1, h2 {
21   font-weight: normal;
22 }
23 ul {
24   list-style-type: none;
25   padding: 0;
26 }
27 li {
28   display: inline-block;
29   margin: 0 10px;
30 }
31 a {
32   color: #42b983;
33 }
34 </style>
View Code

NaveList.vue

 1 <template>
 2   <div>
 3     <router-link to="/">首页</router-link>
 4     <router-link to="/news">新闻</router-link>
 5     <router-link to="/duanzi">段子</router-link>
 6   </div>
 7 </template>
 8 
 9 <script>
10 export default {
11   name: 'HelloWorld',
12   data () {
13     return {
14 
15     }
16   }
17 }
18 </script>
19 
20 <!-- Add "scoped" attribute to limit CSS to this component only -->
21 <style scoped>
22 h1, h2 {
23   font-weight: normal;
24 }
25 ul {
26   list-style-type: none;
27   padding: 0;
28 }
29 li {
30   display: inline-block;
31   margin: 0 10px;
32 }
33 a {
34   color: #42b983;
35 }
36 </style>
View Code

NEWS.vue

 1 <template>
 2   <div>
 3     <h1> 我是新闻</h1>
 4 
 5   </div>
 6 </template>
 7 
 8 <script>
 9 export default {
10   name: 'HelloWorld',
11   data () {
12     return {
13 
14     }
15   }
16 }
17 </script>
18 
19 <!-- Add "scoped" attribute to limit CSS to this component only -->
20 <style scoped>
21 h1, h2 {
22   font-weight: normal;
23 }
24 ul {
25   list-style-type: none;
26   padding: 0;
27 }
28 li {
29   display: inline-block;
30   margin: 0 10px;
31 }
32 a {
33   color: #42b983;
34 }
35 </style>
View Code

index.js

 1 import Vue from 'vue'
 2 import Router from 'vue-router'
 3 import HelloWorld from '@/components/HelloWorld'
 4 import ALL from '@/components/All'
 5 import NEWS from '@/components/NEWS'
 6 import DUANZI from '@/components/duanzi'
 7 import Detail from '@/components/Detail'
 8 
 9 Vue.use(Router)
10 
11 export default new Router({
12   routes: [
13     {
14       path: '/hw',
15       name: 'HelloWorld',
16       component: HelloWorld
17     },
18     {
19       path: '/',
20       name: 'ALL',
21       component: ALL
22     },
23     {
24       path: '/news',
25       name: 'NEWS',
26       component: NEWS
27     },
28     {
29       path: '/duanzi',
30       name: 'duanzi',
31       component: DUANZI
32     },
33     {
34       path: '/detail',
35       name: 'Detail',
36       component: Detail
37     },
38 
39 
40   ]
41 })
View Code

App.vue

 1 <template>
 2   <div id="app">
 3   <NavList></NavList>
 4     <router-view></router-view>
 5   </div>
 6 </template>
 7 
 8 <script>
 9 import NavList from './components/NavList'
10 export default {
11   name: 'App',
12   components: {NavList}
13 }
14 </script>
15 
16 <style>
17 #app {
18   font-family: 'Avenir', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;
19   -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
20   -moz-osx-font-smoothing: grayscale;
21   text-align: center;
22   color: #2c3e50;
23   margin-top: 60px;
24 }
25 </style>
View Code

main.js

 1 // The Vue build version to load with the `import` command
 2 // (runtime-only or standalone) has been set in webpack.base.conf with an alias.
 3 import Vue from 'vue'
 4 import App from './App'
 5 import router from './router'
 6 import axios from 'axios'
 7 import VueAxios from 'vue-axios'
 8 
 9 Vue.prototype.$axios = axios;
10 
11 //Vue.use(axios, VueAxios)
12 //Vue.config.productionTip = false
13 
14 /* eslint-disable no-new */
15 new Vue({
16   el: '#app',
17   router,
18   components: { App },
19   template: '<App/>'
20 })
View Code

 项目需要注意的问题

 问题一：在手动执行webpack app/a.js publicndle.js打包时出错的解决方法需要修改为： require("style-loader!css-loader!./style.css")
 问题2：脚手架生成项目后，运行 npm run dev启动项目后，
             如果想把地址栏中的  #去掉，如：http://localhost:8080/#/news，需要在
             router文件夹下的index.js文件中，加入 mode: "history"

问题三：引入axios的2种方法：
　　　　需要在main.js中进行设置：这2种方法都可以，但引用顺序不能翻转。

 

 

posted @ 2020-01-01 16:22  ABDM  阅读(1221)  评论(0)  编辑  收藏  举报