MyBatis框架原理1：构建SqlSessionFactory的过程
SqlSessionFactoryBuilder
首先创建了一个SqlSessionFactoryBuilder对象，然后调用该对象的build方法加载全局XML配置的流文件构建出一个SqlSessionFactory对象。
//指定全局配置文件路径
String resource = "org/mybatis/example/mybatis-config.xml";
//加载配置文件
InputStream inputStream = Resources.getResourceAsStream(resource);
//构建者模式创建SqlSessionFactory
SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(inputStream);
查看一下SqlSessionFactoryBuilder的源码：
public SqlSessionFactory build(InputStream inputStream, String environment, Properties properties) {
try {
XMLConfigBuilder parser = new XMLConfigBuilder(inputStream, environment, properties);
return build(parser.parse());
} catch (Exception e) {
throw ExceptionFactory.wrapException("Error building SqlSession.", e);
} finally {
ErrorContext.instance().reset();
try {
inputStream.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
// Intentionally ignore. Prefer previous error.
}
}
}
public SqlSessionFactory build(Configuration config) {
return new DefaultSqlSessionFactory(config);
}
SqlSessionFactoryBuilder只有一堆重载的build方法，除了build(Configuration)方法，其他方法的参数都是输入流，最终由build(Configuration)方法生成SqlSessionFactory对象，下面来看如何构建Configuration对象。
XMLConfigBuilder解析配置文件
从XMLConfigBuilder类名就可以看出，这是用来解析XML配置文件的类，其父类为BaseBuilder。
BaseBuilder还包含了MapperBuilderAssistant, SqlSourceBuilder, XMLConfigBuilder, XMLMapperBuilder, XMLScriptBuilder, XMLStatementBuilder等子类，这些子类都是用来解析MyBatis各个配置文件，他们通过BaseBuilder父类共同维护一个全局的Configuration对象，
XMLConfigBuilder的作用就是解析全局配置文件，调用BaseBuilder其他子类解析其他配置文件，生成最终的Configuration对象。
public XMLConfigBuilder(InputStream inputStream, String environment, Properties props) {
this(new XPathParser(inputStream, true, props, new XMLMapperEntityResolver()), environment, props);
}
private XMLConfigBuilder(XPathParser parser, String environment, Properties props) {
super(new Configuration());
ErrorContext.instance().resource("SQL Mapper Configuration");
this.configuration.setVariables(props);
this.parsed = false;
this.environment = environment;
this.parser = parser;
}
查看XMLConfigBuilder源码，可以得知XML配置文件最终是由org.apache.ibatis.parsing.XPathParser封装的XPath解析的。通过XpathParser构造方法传入我们读取的XML流文件、Properites流文件和environment等参数得到了一个XpathParser实例对象parser,这里parser已包含全局XML配置文件解析后的所有信息,再将parser作为参数传给XMLConfigBuilder构造方法。XMLConfigBuilder构造方法调用其父类BaseBuilder的构造方法BaseBuilder(Configuration),构造出一个XMLConfigBuilder对象。值得注意的是，这里BaseBuilder构造方法参数是一个初始化的Configuration对象，Configuration对象初始化的时候，内置的别名注册器TypeAliasRegistry注册了默认的别名：
public Configuration() {
typeAliasRegistry.registerAlias("JDBC", JdbcTransactionFactory.class);
typeAliasRegistry.registerAlias("MANAGED", ManagedTransactionFactory.class);
typeAliasRegistry.registerAlias("JNDI", JndiDataSourceFactory.class);
typeAliasRegistry.registerAlias("POOLED", PooledDataSourceFactory.class);
typeAliasRegistry.registerAlias("UNPOOLED", UnpooledDataSourceFactory.class);
...
所以XML配置文件里可以直接用这些别名。
此时我们已经得到了XMLConfigBuilder对象，再看SqlSessionFactoryBuilder的build方法，将XMLConfigBuilder实例对象parser调用parser()方法得到的Configuration实例对象config作为参数，调用SqlSessionFactory接口的实现类DefaultSqlSessionFactory构造出SqlSessionFactory对象。
XMLConfigBuilder对象在调用parser()方法时，会读出所有所有配置文件，将配置文件解析后保存在Configuration对象中。
public Configuration parse() {
if (parsed) {
throw new BuilderException("Each XMLConfigBuilder can only be used once.");
}
parsed = true;
//参数是<configuraton>标签根节点
parseConfiguration(parser.evalNode("/configuration"));
return configuration;
}
private void parseConfiguration(XNode root) {
try {
//issue #117 read properties first
propertiesElement(root.evalNode("properties"));
Properties settings = settingsAsProperties(root.evalNode("settings"));
loadCustomVfs(settings);
typeAliasesElement(root.evalNode("typeAliases"));
pluginElement(root.evalNode("plugins"));
objectFactoryElement(root.evalNode("objectFactory"));
objectWrapperFactoryElement(root.evalNode("objectWrapperFactory"));
reflectorFactoryElement(root.evalNode("reflectorFactory"));
settingsElement(settings);
// read it after objectFactory and objectWrapperFactory issue #631
environmentsElement(root.evalNode("environments"));
databaseIdProviderElement(root.evalNode("databaseIdProvider"));
typeHandlerElement(root.evalNode("typeHandlers"));
mapperElement(root.evalNode("mappers"));
} catch (Exception e) {
throw new BuilderException("Error parsing SQL Mapper Configuration. Cause: " + e, e);
}
}
XMLConfigBuilder的parseConfiguration(XNode)方法把XML全局配置文件中每一个节点的信息都读取出来，保存在一个Configuration对象中，Configuration分别对以下内容做出了初始化：
- properties 属性
- settings 设置
- typeAliases 类型别名
- typeHandlers 类型处理器
- objectFactory 对象工厂
- plugins 插件
- environments 环境
- databaseIdProvider 数据库厂商标识
- mappers 映射器
这里对properties和mappers的初始化进行分析：
properties的初始化
private void propertiesElement(XNode context) throws Exception {
if (context != null) {
Properties defaults = context.getChildrenAsProperties();
String resource = context.getStringAttribute("resource");
String url = context.getStringAttribute("url");
if (resource != null && url != null) {
throw new BuilderException("The properties element cannot specify both a URL and a resource based property file reference. Please specify one or the other.");
}
if (resource != null) {
defaults.putAll(Resources.getResourceAsProperties(resource));
} else if (url != null) {
defaults.putAll(Resources.getUrlAsProperties(url));
}
Properties vars = configuration.getVariables();
if (vars != null) {
defaults.putAll(vars);
}
parser.setVariables(defaults);
configuration.setVariables(defaults);
}
}
XMLConfigBuilder的getChildrenAsProperties()方法读取properties标签的子节点，保存到Configuration对象的Properties属性里，这里可以看出只能在resource和url两种方式中二选一来加载外部properties配置文件，如果外部properties文件里面属性名和主配置XML文件properties标签的子元素属性重名，则会覆盖主配置文件的属性值，然后将初始化的Configuration对象中的Properties与解析配置文件后封装好的Properties合并，最后再将Properties保存到Configuration对象中。
mappers的初始化
private void mapperElement(XNode parent) throws Exception {
if (parent != null) {
for (XNode child : parent.getChildren()) {
if ("package".equals(child.getName())) {
String mapperPackage = child.getStringAttribute("name");
configuration.addMappers(mapperPackage);
} else {
String resource = child.getStringAttribute("resource");
String url = child.getStringAttribute("url");
String mapperClass = child.getStringAttribute("class");
if (resource != null && url == null && mapperClass == null) {
ErrorContext.instance().resource(resource);
InputStream inputStream = Resources.getResourceAsStream(resource);
XMLMapperBuilder mapperParser = new XMLMapperBuilder(inputStream, configuration, resource, configuration.getSqlFragments());
mapperParser.parse();
} else if (resource == null && url != null && mapperClass == null) {
ErrorContext.instance().resource(url);
InputStream inputStream = Resources.getUrlAsStream(url);
XMLMapperBuilder mapperParser = new XMLMapperBuilder(inputStream, configuration, url, configuration.getSqlFragments());
mapperParser.parse();
} else if (resource == null && url == null && mapperClass != null) {
Class<?> mapperInterface = Resources.classForName(mapperClass);
configuration.addMapper(mapperInterface);
} else {
throw new BuilderException("A mapper element may only specify a url, resource or class, but not more than one.");
}
}
}
}
}
遍历mappers标签下所有子节点
- 如果遍历到package子节点，是以包名引入映射器，则将该包下所有Class注册到Configuration的mapperRegistry中。
- 如果遍历到mapper子节点的class属性，则将制定的Class注册到注册到Configuration的mapperRegistry中。
- 如果遍历到mapper子节点的resource或者url属性，则直接对资源文件进行解析：
首先构建一个XMLMapperBuilder对象,构建过程如下
public XMLMapperBuilder(InputStream inputStream, Configuration configuration, String resource, Map<String, XNode> sqlFragments) {
this(new XPathParser(inputStream, true, configuration.getVariables(), new XMLMapperEntityResolver()),
configuration, resource, sqlFragments);
}
private XMLMapperBuilder(XPathParser parser, Configuration configuration, String resource, Map<String, XNode> sqlFragments) {
super(configuration);
this.builderAssistant = new MapperBuilderAssistant(configuration, resource);
this.parser = parser;
this.sqlFragments = sqlFragments;
this.resource = resource;
}
XPathParser将mapper配置文件解析成Document对象后封装到一个XPathParser对象，再将XPathParser对象作为参数传给XMLMapperBuilder构造方法并构造出一个XMLMapperBuilder对象，XMLMapperBuilder对象的builderAssistant字段是一个MapperBuilderAssistant对象，同样也是BaseBuilder的一个子类，其作用是对MappedStatement对象进行封装。
有了XMLMapperBuilder对象后，就可以进入解析mapper映射文件的过程：
public void parse() {
if (!configuration.isResourceLoaded(resource)) {
configurationElement(parser.evalNode("/mapper"));
configuration.addLoadedResource(resource);
bindMapperForNamespace();
}
parsePendingResultMaps();
parsePendingCacheRefs();
parsePendingStatements();
}
调用XMLMapperBuilder的configurationElement方法，mapper映射文件进行解析
private void configurationElement(XNode context) {
try {
String namespace = context.getStringAttribute("namespace");
if (namespace == null || namespace.equals("")) {
throw new BuilderException("Mapper's namespace cannot be empty");
}
builderAssistant.setCurrentNamespace(namespace);
cacheRefElement(context.evalNode("cache-ref"));
cacheElement(context.evalNode("cache"));
parameterMapElement(context.evalNodes("/mapper/parameterMap"));
resultMapElements(context.evalNodes("/mapper/resultMap"));
sqlElement(context.evalNodes("/mapper/sql"));
buildStatementFromContext(context.evalNodes("select|insert|update|delete"));
} catch (Exception e) {
throw new BuilderException("Error parsing Mapper XML. The XML location is '" + resource + "'. Cause: " + e, e);
}
}
mapper映射文件必须有namespace属性值，否则抛出异常，将namespace属性保存到XMLMapperBuilder的MapperBuilderAssistant对象中，以便其他方法调用。
该方法对mapper映射文件每个标签逐一解析并保存到Configuration和MapperBuilderAssistant对象中，最后调用buildStatementFromContext方法解析select、insert、update和delete节点。
private void buildStatementFromContext(List<XNode> list) {
if (configuration.getDatabaseId() != null) {
buildStatementFromContext(list, configuration.getDatabaseId());
}
buildStatementFromContext(list, null);
}
private void buildStatementFromContext(List<XNode> list, String requiredDatabaseId) {
for (XNode context : list) {
final XMLStatementBuilder statementParser = new XMLStatementBuilder(configuration, builderAssistant, context, requiredDatabaseId);
try {
statementParser.parseStatementNode();
} catch (IncompleteElementException e) {
configuration.addIncompleteStatement(statementParser);
}
}
}
buildStatementFromContext方法中调用XMLStatementBuilder来完成解析，可以看到SQL语句封装到一个SqlSource对象，SqlSource是个接口，如果是动态SQL就创建DynamicSqlSource实现类，否则创建StaticSqlSource实现类。
public void parseStatementNode() {
String id = context.getStringAttribute("id");
String databaseId = context.getStringAttribute("databaseId");
if (!databaseIdMatchesCurrent(id, databaseId, this.requiredDatabaseId)) {
return;
}
Integer fetchSize = context.getIntAttribute("fetchSize");
Integer timeout = context.getIntAttribute("timeout");
String parameterMap = context.getStringAttribute("parameterMap");
String parameterType = context.getStringAttribute("parameterType");
Class<?> parameterTypeClass = resolveClass(parameterType);
String resultMap = context.getStringAttribute("resultMap");
String resultType = context.getStringAttribute("resultType");
String lang = context.getStringAttribute("lang");
LanguageDriver langDriver = getLanguageDriver(lang);
Class<?> resultTypeClass = resolveClass(resultType);
String resultSetType = context.getStringAttribute("resultSetType");
StatementType statementType = StatementType.valueOf(context.getStringAttribute("statementType", StatementType.PREPARED.toString()));
ResultSetType resultSetTypeEnum = resolveResultSetType(resultSetType);
String nodeName = context.getNode().getNodeName();
SqlCommandType sqlCommandType = SqlCommandType.valueOf(nodeName.toUpperCase(Locale.ENGLISH));
boolean isSelect = sqlCommandType == SqlCommandType.SELECT;
boolean flushCache = context.getBooleanAttribute("flushCache", !isSelect);
boolean useCache = context.getBooleanAttribute("useCache", isSelect);
boolean resultOrdered = context.getBooleanAttribute("resultOrdered", false);
// Include Fragments before parsing
XMLIncludeTransformer includeParser = new XMLIncludeTransformer(configuration, builderAssistant);
includeParser.applyIncludes(context.getNode());
// Parse selectKey after includes and remove them.
processSelectKeyNodes(id, parameterTypeClass, langDriver);
// Parse the SQL (pre: <selectKey> and <include> were parsed and removed)
SqlSource sqlSource = langDriver.createSqlSource(configuration, context, parameterTypeClass);
String resultSets = context.getStringAttribute("resultSets");
String keyProperty = context.getStringAttribute("keyProperty");
String keyColumn = context.getStringAttribute("keyColumn");
KeyGenerator keyGenerator;
String keyStatementId = id + SelectKeyGenerator.SELECT_KEY_SUFFIX;
keyStatementId = builderAssistant.applyCurrentNamespace(keyStatementId, true);
if (configuration.hasKeyGenerator(keyStatementId)) {
keyGenerator = configuration.getKeyGenerator(keyStatementId);
} else {
keyGenerator = context.getBooleanAttribute("useGeneratedKeys",
configuration.isUseGeneratedKeys() && SqlCommandType.INSERT.equals(sqlCommandType))
? Jdbc3KeyGenerator.INSTANCE : NoKeyGenerator.INSTANCE;
}
builderAssistant.addMappedStatement(id, sqlSource, statementType, sqlCommandType,
fetchSize, timeout, parameterMap, parameterTypeClass, resultMap, resultTypeClass,
resultSetTypeEnum, flushCache, useCache, resultOrdered,
keyGenerator, keyProperty, keyColumn, databaseId, langDriver, resultSets);
}
MapperBuilderAssistant通过addMappedStatement方法将MappedStatement对象放入Configuration对象的mappedStatements容器中，得到了最终的Configuration对象后传入SqlSessionFactoryBuilder的构造方法，生成我们需要的DefaultSqlSessionFactory对象。
这里只分析了MyBatis是如何解析resource和url方式指定的mapper配置文件，如果是通过指定Mapper接口的package或者class全限定名配置方式，则Configuration对象会通过addMappers方法将接口注册，再通过Java反射技术和JDK动态代理技术，根据接口class的全限定名找到对应的XML配置文件或者注解进行解析，如果是非注解模式的xml配置文件必须和这个class在同一级目录，且与class同名，这里不再详解。
最后附上SqlSessionFactory构建过程的简易流程图
