python3、pip 源码安装

源码安装 python3

1. 下载python包：（华为镜像源）：https://mirrors.huaweicloud.com/python/

2. 解压：tar -xzvf Python-3.7.16.tgz

3. 更新系统包

   1. 包管理用具为 apt-get

      apt-get update

      apt-get install -y gcc make build-essential libssl-dev zlib1g-dev libbz2-dev libreadline-dev libsqlite3-dev wget curl llvm libncurses5-dev libncursesw5-dev xz-utils tk-dev libffi-dev liblzma-dev

   2. 包管理工具为：yum

      yum install zlib-devel bzip2 bzip2-devel readline-devel sqlite sqlite-devel openssl-devel xz xz-devel libffi-devel

4. cd Python-3.7.16

5. 生成 Makefile：./configure --prefix=/usr/local/python3 --enable-shared

6. 编译：make && make install

7. 测试：./python -V

8. 错误：

   1. 3.12 版本在执行 python 时，报错 “./python: error while loading shared libraries: libpython3.12.so.1.0: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory”

      原因：生成 makefile 时 ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/python3 --enable-shared 开启了–enable-shared 导致的。

      解决方法：将源码包里的该文件复制到usr/lib64/里 cp libpython3.12.so libpython3.12.so.1.0 /usr/lib64/

安装 pip

1. 下载：curl -O https://bootstrap.pypa.io/get-pip.py
2. 安装：./python3 get-pip.py