Dom4J对XML的创建、修改、删除等操作

Dom4j也可以很方便完成XML文档的创建、元素的修改、文档的查询遍历等,但dom4j稍比jdom复杂一点,不过在大片文档的情况下dom4j的性能要不jdom好。

准备

首先,提供相关的jar包

Dom4j jar包下载:

http://sourceforge.net/projects/dom4j/files/dom4j-2.0.0-ALPHA-2/

jaxen jar下载:

http://repo1.maven.org/maven2/jaxen/jaxen/1.1.1/jaxen-1.1.1.jar

和dom4j依赖或相关的jar:

http://dom4j.sourceforge.net/dependencies.html

Junit-jar下载:

http://ebr.springsource.com/repository/app/bundle/version/download?name=com.springsource.org.junit&version=4.8.1&type=binary

其次,准备测试案例的部分代码:

package com.hoo.test;
import java.io.File;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.List;
import org.dom4j.Attribute;
import org.dom4j.Document;
import org.dom4j.DocumentException;
import org.dom4j.DocumentHelper;
import org.dom4j.Element;
import org.dom4j.Node;
import org.dom4j.QName;
import org.dom4j.dom.DOMAttribute;
import org.dom4j.io.SAXReader;
import org.dom4j.tree.BaseElement;
import org.junit.After;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;
public class DocumentTest {
    private SAXReader reader = null;
    @Before
    public void init() {
        reader = new SAXReader();
    }
    @After
    public void destory() {
        reader = null;
    System.gc();
    }
    public void fail(Object o) {
        if (o != null)
        System.out.println(o);
    }
}            

  

创建一篇XML文档

文档格式如下:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<catalog>
    <!--An XML Catalog-->
    <?target instruction?>
    <journal title="XML Zone" publisher="IBM developerWorks">
        <article level="Intermediate" date="December-2001">
            <title>Java configuration with XML Schema</title>
            <author>
                <firstname>Marcello</firstname>
                <lastname>Vitaletti</lastname>
            </author>
        </article>
    </journal>
</catalog>        

  

@Test
public void createDocument() {
    //创建一篇文档
    Document doc = DocumentHelper.createDocument();
    //添加一个元素
    Element root = doc.addElement("catalog");
    //为root元素添加注释
    root.addComment("An XML Catalog");

    //添加标记
    root.addProcessingInstruction("target", "instruction");

    //创建元素
    Element journalEl = new BaseElement("journal");

    //添加属性
    journalEl.addAttribute("title", "XML Zone");
    journalEl.addAttribute("publisher", "IBM developerWorks");
    root.add(journalEl);

    //添加元素
    Element articleEl = journalEl.addElement("article");
    articleEl.addAttribute("level", "Intermediate");
    articleEl.addAttribute("date", "December-2001");
    Element titleEl = articleEl.addElement("title");

    //设置文本内容
    titleEl.setText("Java configuration with XML Schema");
    //titleEl.addText("Java configuration with XML Schema");
    Element authorEl = articleEl.addElement("author");
    authorEl.addElement("firstname").setText("Marcello");
    authorEl.addElement("lastname").addText("Vitaletti");

    //可以使用 addDocType() 方法添加文档类型说明。
    doc.addDocType("catalog", null,"file://c:/Dtds/catalog.dtd");
    fail(doc.getRootElement().getName());

    //将xml转换成文本
    fail(doc.asXML());
    //写入到文件
}

  

* DocumentHelper是一个文档助手类(工具类),它可以完成文档、元素、文本、属性、注释、CDATA、Namespace、XPath的创建,以及利用XPath完成文档的遍历和将文本转换成Document;

parseText完成将xml字符串转换成Doc的功能

Document doc = DocumentHelper.parseText("<root></root>");

  createDocument创建一个文档

Document doc = DocumentHelper.createDocument();

  

如果带参数就会创建一个带有根元素的文档

createElement_x创建一个元素

Element el = DocumentHelper.createElement_x("el");

  
* Document的addElement方法可以给当前文档添加一个子元素

Element root = doc.addElement("catalog");

  * addComment方法可以添加一段注释

root.addComment("An XML Catalog");

  

为root元素添加一段注释

* addProcessingInstruction添加一个标记

root.addProcessingInstruction("target", "instruction");

  

为root元素添加一个标记

* new BaseElement可以创建一个元素

Element journalEl = new BaseElement("journal");

  * addAttribute添加属性

journalEl.addAttribute("title", "XML Zone");

  * add添加一个元素

root.add(journalEl);

  

将journalEl元素添加到root元素中

* addElement添加一个元素,并返回当前元素

Element articleEl = journalEl.addElement("article");

  

给journalEl元素添加一个子元素article

* setText、addText可以设置元素的文本

authorEl.addElement("firstname").setText("Marcello");
authorEl.addElement("lastname").addText("Vitaletti");

  * addDocType可以设置文档的DOCTYPE

doc.addDocType("catalog", null,file://c:/Dtds/catalog.dtd);

  * asXML可以将文档或元素转换成一段xml字符串

doc.asXML();
root.asXML();

  * XMLWriter类可以把文档写入到文件中

output = new XMLWriter(new FileWriter(new File("file/catalog.xml")));
output.write(doc);
output.close();

  # 修改XML文档内容

@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
@Test
public void modifyDoc() {
    try {
        Document doc = reader.read(new File("file/catalog.xml"));
        //修改属性内容
        List list = doc.selectNodes("//article/@level");
        Iterator<Attribute> iter = list.iterator();
        while (iter.hasNext()) {
            Attribute attr = iter.next();
            fail(attr.getName() + "#" + attr.getValue() + "#" + attr.getText());
            if ("Intermediate".equals(attr.getValue())) {
            //修改属性值
                attr.setValue("Introductory");
                fail(attr.getName() + "#" + attr.getValue() + "#" + attr.getText());
            }
        }

        list = doc.selectNodes("//article/@date");
        iter = list.iterator();
        while (iter.hasNext()) {
            Attribute attr = iter.next();
            fail(attr.getName() + "#" + attr.getValue() + "#" + attr.getText());
            if ("December-2001".equals(attr.getValue())) {
                //修改属性值
                attr.setValue("December-2011");
                fail(attr.getName() + "#" + attr.getValue() + "#" + attr.getText());
            }
        }
        //修改节点内容
        list = doc.selectNodes("//article");
        Iterator<Element> it = list.iterator();
        while (it.hasNext()) {
            Element el = it.next();
            fail(el.getName() + "#" + el.getText() + "#" + el.getStringValue());
            //修改title元素
            Iterator<Element> elIter = el.elementIterator("title");
            while(elIter.hasNext()) {
                Element titleEl = elIter.next();
                fail(titleEl.getName() + "#" + titleEl.getText() + "#" +                 titleEl.getStringValue());
                if ("Java configuration with XML     Schema".equals(titleEl.getTextTrim())) {
                    //修改元素文本值
                    titleEl.setText("Modify the Java configuration with XML Schema");
                    fail(titleEl.getName() + "#" + titleEl.getText() + "#" + titleEl.getStringValue());
                }
            }
        }
        //修改节点子元素内容
        list = doc.selectNodes("//article/author");
        it = list.iterator();
        while (it.hasNext()) {
            Element el = it.next();
            fail(el.getName() + "#" + el.getText() + "#" + el.getStringValue());
            List<Element> childs = el.elements();
            for (Element e : childs) {
                fail(e.getName() + "#" + e.getText() + "#" + e.getStringValue());
                if ("Marcello".equals(e.getTextTrim())) {
                    e.setText("Ayesha");
                } else if ("Vitaletti".equals(e.getTextTrim())) {
                    e.setText("Malik");
                }
                fail(e.getName() + "#" + e.getText() + "#" + e.getStringValue());
            }
        }
    //写入到文件
    } catch (DocumentException e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
    } catch (Exception e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
    }
}                                       

  

* reader.read(new File("file/catalog.xml"));读取指定xml文件内容到文档中;

* selectNodes是XPath的查询方法,完成xml文档的查询,传递xpath路径。其使用方法可以参考jdom的xpath的使用方法:

http://www.cnblogs.com/hoojo/archive/2011/08/11/2134638.html

* getName获取元素标签名称、getValue、getText获取值、文本内容;

* elementIterator("title");获取当前节点下所有的title元素,返回Iterator;

* elements获取下面所有的子元素,返回的是一个集合List;

显示文档相关信息

private String format(int i) {
		String temp = "";
		while (i > 0) {
			temp += "--";
			i--;
		}
		return temp;
	}

	private void print(int i, List<Element> els) {
		i++;
		for (Element el : els) {
			fail(format(i) + "##" + el.getName() + "#" + el.getTextTrim());
			if (el.hasContent()) {
				print(i, el.elements());
			}
		}
	}

	@Test
	public void printInfo() {
		try {
			Document doc = reader.read(new File("file/catalog.xml"));
			fail("asXML: " + doc.asXML());
			fail(doc.asXPathResult(new BaseElement("article")));
			List<Node> list = doc.content();
			for (Node node : list) {
				fail("Node: " + node.getName() + "#" + node.getText() + "#"
						+ node.getStringValue());
			}
			fail("-----------------------------");
			print(0, doc.getRootElement().elements());
			fail("getDocType: " + doc.getDocType());
			fail("getNodeTypeName: " + doc.getNodeTypeName());
			fail("getPath: " + doc.getRootElement().getPath());
			fail("getPath: "
					+ doc.getRootElement().getPath(new BaseElement("journal")));
			fail("getUniquePath: " + doc.getRootElement().getUniquePath());
			fail("getXMLEncoding: " + doc.getXMLEncoding());
			fail("hasContent: " + doc.hasContent());
			fail("isReadOnly: " + doc.isReadOnly());
			fail("nodeCount: " + doc.nodeCount());
			fail("supportsParent: " + doc.supportsParent());
		} catch (DocumentException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
		fail("getEncoding: " + reader.getEncoding());
		fail("isIgnoreComments: " + reader.isIgnoreComments());
		fail("isMergeAdjacentText: " + reader.isMergeAdjacentText());
		fail("isStringInternEnabled: " + reader.isStringInternEnabled());
		fail("isStripWhitespaceText: " + reader.isStripWhitespaceText());
		fail("isValidating: " + reader.isValidating());
	}

  # 删除文档内容

@Test
	public void removeNode() {
		try {
			Document doc = reader.read(new File("file/catalog-modified.xml"));
			fail("comment: " + doc.selectSingleNode("//comment()"));
			// 删除注释
			doc.getRootElement().remove(doc.selectSingleNode("//comment()"));
			Element node = (Element) doc.selectSingleNode("//article");
			// 删除属性
			node.remove(new DOMAttribute(QName.get("level"), "Introductory"));
			// 删除元素 节点
			node.remove(doc.selectSingleNode("//title"));
			// 只能删除下一级节点,不能超过一级;(需要在父元素的节点上删除子元素)
			Node lastNameNode = node.selectSingleNode("//lastname");
			lastNameNode.getParent().remove(lastNameNode);
			fail("Text: " + doc.selectObject("//*[text()='Ayesha']"));
			Element firstNameEl = (Element) doc.selectObject("//firstname");
			fail("Text: " + firstNameEl.selectSingleNode("text()"));
			// 删除text文本
			// firstNameEl.remove(firstNameEl.selectSingleNode("text()"));
			// firstNameEl.remove(doc.selectSingleNode("//firstname/text()"));
			firstNameEl.remove(doc
					.selectSingleNode("//*[text()='Ayesha']/text()"));
			// 删除子元素author
			// node.remove(node.selectSingleNode("//author"));
			fail(doc.asXML());
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
	}

  * 删除注释

doc.getRootElement().remove(doc.selectSingleNode("//comment()"));

  

删除root元素下面的注释

* 删除属性(可以删除非命名空间的属性)

node.remove(new DOMAttribute(QName.get("level"), "Introductory"));

  

删除node节点中的名称为level,其值为Introductory的属性

* 删除元素   

node.remove(doc.selectSingleNode("//title"));

  

删除node节点下的title元素

* 删除文本

firstNameEl.remove(firstNameEl.selectSingleNode("text()"));
firstNameEl.remove(doc.selectSingleNode("//firstname/text()"));
firstNameEl.remove(doc.selectSingleNode("//*[text()='Ayesha']/text()"));

  删除firstNameEl的文本内容

posted @ 2015-09-10 15:38  a757956132  阅读(766)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报