PHP laravel+thrift+swoole打造微服务框架

Laravel作为最受欢迎的php web框架一直广受广大互联网公司的喜爱。

笔者也参与过一些由laravel开发的项目。虽然laravel的性能广受诟病但是业界也有一些比较好的解决方案,比如堆机器,比如使用swoole进行加速。

一个项目立项到开发上线,随着时间和需求的不断激增,会越来越复杂,变成一个大项目,如果前期项目架构没设计的不好,代码会越来越臃肿,难以维护,后期的每次产品迭代上线都会牵一发而动全身。项目微服务化,松耦合模块间的关系,是一个很好的选择,随然增加了维护成本,但是还是很值得的。

那么有什么办法使一个laravel项目改造成微服务呢?

 

最近研究thrift的时候发现thrift对php之城非常好,那么可不可以使用使用thrift作为rpc框架,使用swoole来实现异步TCP服务,打造一个微服务框架呢。

 

心动不如行动我们开始尝试一下吧。首先我们创建一个laravel的项目,笔者使用的laravel官方提供的homestead的环境。

laravel new laravel-thrift-app 

安装laravel-s

composer require "hhxsv5/laravel-s:~3.5.0" -vvv 

laravel-s是一个由swoole写的laravel扩展,赋予laravel更好的性能,具体使用方法参看官方文档。

在项目的根目录下新建一个thrift的目录,然后在该子目录下创建 Thrift IDL 文件 user.thrift,用于定义和用户相关的服务接口。

1 namespace php App.Thrift.User  
2 // 定义用户接口 
3 service User {     
4 string getInfo(1:i32 id)
5  }

 

这里我们定义了一个接口,接着在项目根目录下运行如下命令,根据上述 IDL 文件生成相关的服务代码:

thrift -r --gen php:server -out ./ thrift/user.thrift 

 

查看文件这时候我们会发现在App\Thrift\User`目录下生成对应的服务代码。

 

通过 Composer 安装 Thrift PHP 依赖包:

composer require apache/thrift 

 

编写服务代码,在 app目录下新建一个 Services/Server 子目录,然后在该目录下创建服务接口类 UserService,该类实现自 `App\Thrift\User\UserIf` 接口:

 1 <?php
 2 namespace App\Services\Server;
 3 
 4 
 5 use App\Thrift\User\UserIf;
 6 
 7 class UserService implements UserIf
 8 {
 9     public function getInfo($id)
10     {
11         return "chenSi".$id;
12     }
13 }

 

在 app 目录下新建一个 Sockets目录用于存放 Swoole 相关代码,首先我们创建一个 ServerTransport.php用来存放服务端代理类,并编写代码如下:

 1 <?php
 2 namespace App\Sockets;
 3 
 4 
 5 use Thrift\Server\TServerTransport;
 6 
 7 class ServerTransport extends TServerTransport
 8 {
 9     /**
10      * @var array 服务器选项
11      */
12     public $options = [
13         'dispatch_mode'         => 1, //1: 轮循, 3: 争抢
14         'open_length_check'     => true, //打开包长检测
15         'package_max_length'    => 8192000, //最大的请求包长度,8M
16         'package_length_type'   => 'N', //长度的类型,参见PHP的pack函数
17         'package_length_offset' => 0,   //第N个字节是包长度的值
18         'package_body_offset'   => 4,   //从第几个字节计算长度
19     ];
20 
21     /**
22      * @var SwooleServer
23      */
24     public $server;
25     protected $host;
26     protected $port;
27     protected $sockType;
28 
29 
30     public function __construct($swoole, $host, $port = 9999, $sockType = SWOOLE_SOCK_TCP, $options = [])
31     {
32         $this->server = $swoole;
33         $this->host   = $host;
34         $this->port   = $port;
35         $this->sockType = $sockType;
36         $this->options = array_merge($this->options,$options);
37 
38     }
39 
40 
41     public function listen()
42     {
43         $this->server =$this->server->addlistener($this->host,$this->port,$this->sockType);
44         $this->server->set($this->options);
45         return null;
46     }
47 
48 
49     public function close()
50     {
51         //$this->server->shutdown();
52         return null;
53     }
54 
55 
56     protected function acceptImpl()
57     {
58         return null;
59     }
60 }

 

我们在代理类的构造函数中初始化 Swoole TCP 服务器参数,由于我们使用的是laravel-s然后在该类中定义 listen 方法启动这个swoole增加监听的端口并监听客户端请求。

我们在 app/Sockets目录下创建 Transport.php文件用于存放基于 Swoole 的传输层实现代码:

  1 <?php
  2 /**
  3  * Created by PhpStorm.
  4  * User: 74100
  5  * Date: 2019/10/21
  6  * Time: 2:22
  7  */
  8 namespace App\Sockets;
  9 
 10 use Swoole\Server as SwooleServer;
 11 use Thrift\Exception\TTransportException;
 12 use Thrift\Transport\TTransport;
 13 
 14 class Transport extends TTransport
 15 {
 16     /**
 17      * @var swoole服务器实例
 18      */
 19     protected $server;
 20     /**
 21      * @var int 客户端连接描述符
 22      */
 23     protected $fd = -1;
 24     /**
 25      * @var string 数据
 26      */
 27     protected $data = '';
 28     /**
 29      * @var int 数据读取指针
 30      */
 31     protected $offset = 0;
 32 
 33     /**
 34      * SwooleTransport constructor.
 35      * @param SwooleServer $server
 36      * @param int $fd
 37      * @param string $data
 38      */
 39     public function __construct(SwooleServer $server, $fd, $data)
 40     {
 41         $this->server = $server;
 42         $this->fd = $fd;
 43         $this->data = $data;
 44     }
 45 
 46     /**
 47      * Whether this transport is open.
 48      *
 49      * @return boolean true if open
 50      */
 51     public function isOpen()
 52     {
 53         return $this->fd > -1;
 54     }
 55 
 56     /**
 57      * Open the transport for reading/writing
 58      *
 59      * @throws TTransportException if cannot open
 60      */
 61     public function open()
 62     {
 63         if ($this->isOpen()) {
 64             throw new TTransportException('Swoole Transport already connected.', TTransportException::ALREADY_OPEN);
 65         }
 66     }
 67 
 68     /**
 69      * Close the transport.
 70      * @throws TTransportException
 71      */
 72     public function close()
 73     {
 74         if (!$this->isOpen()) {
 75             throw new TTransportException('Swoole Transport not open.', TTransportException::NOT_OPEN);
 76         }
 77         $this->server->close($this->fd, true);
 78         $this->fd = -1;
 79     }
 80 
 81     /**
 82      * Read some data into the array.
 83      *
 84      * @param int $len How much to read
 85      * @return string The data that has been read
 86      * @throws TTransportException if cannot read any more data
 87      */
 88     public function read($len)
 89     {
 90         if (strlen($this->data) - $this->offset < $len) {
 91             throw new TTransportException('Swoole Transport[' . strlen($this->data) . '] read ' . $len . ' bytes failed.');
 92         }
 93         $data = substr($this->data, $this->offset, $len);
 94         $this->offset += $len;
 95         return $data;
 96     }
 97 
 98     /**
 99      * Writes the given data out.
100      *
101      * @param string $buf The data to write
102      * @throws TTransportException if writing fails
103      */
104     public function write($buf)
105     {
106         if (!$this->isOpen()) {
107             throw new TTransportException('Swoole Transport not open.', TTransportException::NOT_OPEN);
108         }
109         $this->server->send($this->fd, $buf);
110     }
111 }

 

Transport类主要用于从传输层写入或读取数据,最后我们创建 Server.php 文件,用于存放基于 Swoole 的 RPC 服务器类:

 1 <?php
 2 /**
 3  * Created by PhpStorm.
 4  * User: 74100
 5  * Date: 2019/10/21
 6  * Time: 2:24
 7  */
 8 namespace App\Sockets;
 9 
10 use Swoole\Server as SwooleServer;
11 use Thrift\Server\TServer;
12 
13 class Server extends TServer
14 {
15     public function serve()
16     {
17 
18         $this->transport_->server->on('receive', [$this, 'handleReceive']);
19         $this->transport_->listen();
20 
21     }
22 
23     public function stop()
24     {
25         $this->transport_->close();
26     }
27 
28     /**
29      * 处理RPC请求
30      * @param Server $server
31      * @param int $fd
32      * @param int $fromId
33      * @param string $data
34      */
35     public function handleReceive(SwooleServer $server, $fd, $fromId, $data)
36     {
37         $transport = new Transport($server, $fd, $data);
38         $inputTransport = $this->inputTransportFactory_->getTransport($transport);
39         $outputTransport = $this->outputTransportFactory_->getTransport($transport);
40         $inputProtocol = $this->inputProtocolFactory_->getProtocol($inputTransport);
41         $outputProtocol = $this->outputProtocolFactory_->getProtocol($outputTransport);
42         $this->processor_->process($inputProtocol, $outputProtocol);
43     }
44 }

 

 

该类继承自 Thrift\Server\TServer,在子类中需要实现 serve` 和 `stop`方法,分别定义服务器启动和关闭逻辑,这里我们在 serve方法中定义了 Swoole TCP 服务器收到请求时的回调处理函数,其中 $this->transport 指向 App\Swoole\ServerTransport 实例,回调函数 handleReceive中我们会将请求数据传入传输层处理类 Transport进行初始化,然后再通过一系列转化通过处理器对请求进行处理,该方法中 `$this` 指针指向的属性都是在外部启动 RPC 服务器时传入的,后面我们会看到。定义好请求回调后,即可通过 `$this->transport_->listen()` 启动服务器并监听请求。

 

最后我们使用laravel-s的事件回调。

在laravel-s的配置文件新增Master进程启动时的事件。

'event_handlers'           => [     'ServerStart' => \App\Events\ServerStartEvent::class, ], 

 

编写ServerStartEvent类。

 1 <?php
 2 namespace App\Events;
 3 use App\Sockets\ServerTransport;
 4 use Hhxsv5\LaravelS\Swoole\Events\ServerStartInterface;
 5 use App\Services\Server\UserService;
 6 use App\Sockets\TFramedTransportFactory;
 7 use App\Thrift\User\UserProcessor;
 8 use Thrift\Factory\TBinaryProtocolFactory;
 9 use Swoole\Http\Server;
10 use App\Sockets\Server as TServer;
11 
12 
13 class ServerStartEvent implements ServerStartInterface
14 {
15     public function __construct()
16     {
17     }
18     public function handle(Server $server)
19     {
20         // 初始化thrift
21         $processor = new UserProcessor(new UserService());
22         $tFactory = new TFramedTransportFactory();
23         $pFactory = new TBinaryProtocolFactory();
24         // 监听本地 9999 端口,等待客户端连接请求
25         $transport = new ServerTransport($server,'127.0.0.1', 9999);
26         $server = new TServer($processor, $transport, $tFactory, $tFactory, $pFactory, $pFactory);
27         $server->serve();
28     }
29 }

 

这时候我们服务端的代码已经写完。开始写客户端的代码。

接下来,我们来修改客户端请求服务端远程接口的代码,在此之前在 app/Sockets目录下新建一个 ClientTransport.php 来存放客户端与服务端通信的传输层实现代码:

  1 <?php
  2 namespace App\Sockets;
  3     use Swoole\Client;
  4     use Thrift\Exception\TTransportException;
  5     use Thrift\Transport\TTransport;
  6 
  7     class ClientTransport extends TTransport
  8     {
  9         /**
 10          * @var string 连接地址
 11          */
 12         protected $host;
 13         /**
 14          * @var int 连接端口
 15          */
 16         protected $port;
 17         /**
 18          * @var Client
 19          */
 20         protected $client;
 21 
 22         /**
 23          * ClientTransport constructor.
 24          * @param string $host
 25          * @param int $port
 26          */
 27         public function __construct($host, $port)
 28         {
 29             $this->host = $host;
 30             $this->port = $port;
 31             $this->client = new Client(SWOOLE_SOCK_TCP);
 32         }
 33 
 34         /**
 35          * Whether this transport is open.
 36          *
 37          * @return boolean true if open
 38          */
 39         public function isOpen()
 40         {
 41             return $this->client->sock > 0;
 42         }
 43 
 44         /**
 45          * Open the transport for reading/writing
 46          *
 47          * @throws TTransportException if cannot open
 48          */
 49         public function open()
 50         {
 51             if ($this->isOpen()) {
 52                 throw new TTransportException('ClientTransport already open.', TTransportException::ALREADY_OPEN);
 53             }
 54             if (!$this->client->connect($this->host, $this->port)) {
 55                 throw new TTransportException(
 56                     'ClientTransport could not open:' . $this->client->errCode,
 57                     TTransportException::UNKNOWN
 58                 );
 59             }
 60         }
 61 
 62         /**
 63          * Close the transport.
 64          * @throws TTransportException
 65          */
 66         public function close()
 67         {
 68             if (!$this->isOpen()) {
 69                 throw new TTransportException('ClientTransport not open.', TTransportException::NOT_OPEN);
 70             }
 71             $this->client->close();
 72         }
 73 
 74         /**
 75          * Read some data into the array.
 76          *
 77          * @param int $len How much to read
 78          * @return string The data that has been read
 79          * @throws TTransportException if cannot read any more data
 80          */
 81         public function read($len)
 82         {
 83             if (!$this->isOpen()) {
 84                 throw new TTransportException('ClientTransport not open.', TTransportException::NOT_OPEN);
 85             }
 86             return $this->client->recv($len, true);
 87         }
 88 
 89         /**
 90          * Writes the given data out.
 91          *
 92          * @param string $buf The data to write
 93          * @throws TTransportException if writing fails
 94          */
 95         public function write($buf)
 96         {
 97             if (!$this->isOpen()) {
 98                 throw new TTransportException('ClientTransport not open.', TTransportException::NOT_OPEN);
 99             }
100             $this->client->send($buf);
101         }
102     }

 

我们在 app/Services/Client 目录下创建 UserService.php,用于存放 RPC 客户端连接与请求服务接口方法:

 1 <?php
 2     namespace App\Services\Client;
 3 
 4     use App\Sockets\ClientTransport;
 5     use App\Thrift\User\UserClient;
 6     use Thrift\Exception\TException;
 7     use Thrift\Protocol\TBinaryProtocol;
 8     use Thrift\Protocol\TMultiplexedProtocol;
 9     use Thrift\Transport\TBufferedTransport;
10     use Thrift\Transport\TFramedTransport;
11     use Thrift\Transport\TSocket;
12 
13     class UserService
14     {
15         public function getUserInfoViaSwoole(int $id)
16         {
17             try {
18                 // 建立与 SwooleServer 的连接
19                 $socket = new ClientTransport("127.0.0.1", 9999);
20 
21                 $transport = new TFramedTransport($socket);
22                 $protocol = new TBinaryProtocol($transport);
23                 $client = new UserClient($protocol);
24                 $transport->open();
25 
26                 $result = $client->getInfo($id);
27 
28                 $transport->close();
29                 return $result;
30             } catch (TException $TException) {
31                 dd($TException);
32             }
33         }
34     }

 

测试,新增一个路由。

1 Route::get('/user/{id}', function($id) {
2     $userService = new UserService();
3     $user = $userService->getUserInfoViaSwoole($id);
4     return $user;
5 });

 

启动laravel-s。

php bin/laravels start 

 

在浏览器中输入 (192.168.10.100为我homestead设置的地址,5200为laravel-s设置的端口号)

这时候我们就会发现浏览器上面出现chensi2几个大字。一个由larave+thrift+swoole搭建的微服务框架就这样完成了。端口号固定9999也可以使用consul做服务发现。

 

当然了有兴趣的可以写一个package自己去实现而不用laravels这个扩展。

  • 多PHPer在进阶的时候总会遇到一些问题和瓶颈,业务代码写多了没有方向感,不知道该从那里入手去提升,对此我整理了一些资料,包括但不限于:分布式架构、高可扩展、高性能、高并发、服务器性能调优、TP6,laravel,YII2,Redis,Swoole、Swoft、Kafka、Mysql优化、shell脚本、Docker、微服务、Nginx等多个知识点高级进阶干货需要的可以免费分享给大家,需要的加群(点击→)677079770
posted @ 2019-11-07 13:58  八重樱  阅读(6178)  评论(1编辑  收藏  举报