SSH(ssh: connect to host localhost port 22: Connection refused)问题的解决

我们在远程ssh链接ubuntn服务器的时候，会出现一下的一个问题

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ssh: connect to host localhost port 22: Connection refused

之所以出现这个问题，是因为我们ubuntn系统默认是没有安装openssh-server的。

解决办法就是安装这个模块

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sudo apt-get install openssh-server

安装完成后，我们再输入下面的命令，就可以远程登录了

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ssh ubuntu@xx.20.xxx.63

再执行完命令的时候，还会出现一个问题

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➜  ~ ssh  ubuntu@xx.20.xxx.63
@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@
@    WARNING: REMOTE HOST IDENTIFICATION HAS CHANGED!     @
@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@
IT IS POSSIBLE THAT SOMEONE IS DOING SOMETHING NASTY!
Someone could be eavesdropping on you right now (man-in-the-middle attack)!
It is also possible that a host key has just been changed.
The fingerprint for the ECDSA key sent by the remote host is
SHA256:mPfvt1SS+fncIH5f8DYiFtoII7eLtHdTJ1CbTRYx6oo.
Please contact your system administrator.
Add correct host key in /Users/用户名/.ssh/known_hosts to get rid of this message.
Offending ECDSA key in /Users/用户名/.ssh/known_hosts:6
ECDSA host key for xx.20.xxx.63 has changed and you have requested strict checking.
Host key verification failed.

原因：

因为服务器的ip发生变更了
第一次SSH连接时，会生成一个认证，储存在客户端（也就是用SSH连线其他电脑的那个，自己操作的那个）中的known_hosts，但是如果服务器验证过了，认证资讯当然也会更改，服务器端与客户端不同时，就会跳出错误啦。

解决办法：

输入命令：ssh-keygen -R +输入服务器的IP

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 ~ ssh-keygen -R xx.20.xxx.63
# Host xx.20.xxx.63 found: line 36
/Users/用户名/.ssh/known_hosts updated.

或者

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rm ~/.ssh/known_hosts

上面两个命令执行其中一个之后，在继续执行ssh ubuntu@xx.20.xxx.63

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~ ssh  ubuntu@172.20.110.63
The authenticity of host '172.20.110.63 (172.20.110.63)' can't be established.
ECDSA key fingerprint is SHA256:mPfvt1SS+fncIH5f8DYiFtoII7eLtHdTJ1CbTRYx6oo.
Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no/[fingerprint])? 

输入yes

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ubuntu@172.20.110.63's password: 	[输入密码]
Welcome to Ubuntu 18.04.6 LTS (GNU/Linux 5.4.0-107-generic x86_64)

 * Documentation:  https://help.ubuntu.com
 * Management:     https://landscape.canonical.com
 * Support:        https://ubuntu.com/advantage

26 updates can be applied immediately.
To see these additional updates run: apt list --upgradable

Your Hardware Enablement Stack (HWE) is supported until April 2023.

The programs included with the Ubuntu system are free software;
the exact distribution terms for each program are described in the
individual files in /usr/share/doc/*/copyright.

Ubuntu comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by
applicable law.

ubuntu@ubuntu-HP-Z4-G4-Workstation:~$	[进入服务器]