Android与服务器端数据交互（基于SOAP协议整合android+webservice）
此文出自：http://www.cnblogs.com/zhangdongzi/archive/2011/04/19/2020688.html
上一节中我们通过http协议，采用HttpClient向服务器端action请求数据。当然调用服务器端方法获取数据并不止这一种。WebService也可以为我们提供所需数据，
那么什么是webService呢？，它是一种基于SAOP协议的远程调用标准，通过webservice可以将不同操作系统平台，不同语言，不同技术整合到一起。
我们在PC机器java客户端中，需要一些库，比如XFire,Axis2,CXF等等来支持访问WebService，但是这些库并不适合我们资源有限的android手机客户端，做过JAVA ME的人都知道有KSOAP这个第三方的类库，可以帮助我们获取服务器端webService调用，当然KSOAP已经提供了基于android版本的jar包了，那么我们就开始吧：
首先下载KSOAP包：ksoap2-android-assembly-2.5.2-jar-with-dependencies.jar包
然后新建android项目：并把下载的KSOAP包放在android项目的lib目录下：右键->build path->configure build path--选择Libraries，如图：
以下分为七个步骤来调用WebService方法：
第一：实例化SoapObject 对象，指定webService的命名空间（从相关WSDL文档中可以查看命名空间），以及调用方法名称。如：
//命名空间 private static final String serviceNameSpace="http://WebXml.com.cn/"; //调用方法(获得支持的城市) private static final String getSupportCity="getSupportCity"; //实例化SoapObject对象 SoapObject request=new SoapObject(serviceNameSpace, getSupportCity);
//命名空间
private static final String serviceNameSpace="http://WebXml.com.cn/";
//调用方法(获得支持的城市)
private static final String getSupportCity="getSupportCity";
//实例化SoapObject对象
SoapObject request=new SoapObject(serviceNameSpace, getSupportCity);
private static final String serviceNameSpace="http://WebXml.com.cn/";
//调用方法(获得支持的城市)
private static final String getSupportCity="getSupportCity";
//实例化SoapObject对象
SoapObject request=new SoapObject(serviceNameSpace, getSupportCity);
第二步：假设方法有参数的话,设置调用方法参数
request.addProperty("参数名称","参数值");
第三步：设置SOAP请求信息(参数部分为SOAP协议版本号，与你要调用的webService中版本号一致):
//获得序列化的Envelope SoapSerializationEnvelope envelope=new SoapSerializationEnvelope(SoapEnvelope.VER11); envelope.bodyOut=request;
第四步：注册Envelope,
(new MarshalBase64()).register(envelope);
第五步：构建传输对象，并指明WSDL文档URL：
//请求URL private static final String serviceURL="http://www.webxml.com.cn/webservices/weatherwebservice.asmx"; //Android传输对象 AndroidHttpTransport transport=new AndroidHttpTransport(serviceURL); transport.debug=true;
第六步：调用WebService(其中参数为1：命名空间+方法名称，2：Envelope对象):
transport.call(serviceNameSpace+getWeatherbyCityName, envelope);
第七步：解析返回数据：
if(envelope.getResponse()!=null){ return parse(envelope.bodyIn.toString()); } /************** * 解析XML * @param str * @return */ private static List<String> parse(String str){ String temp; List<String> list=new ArrayList<String>(); if(str!=null && str.length()>0){ int start=str.indexOf("string"); int end=str.lastIndexOf(";"); temp=str.substring(start, end-3); String []test=temp.split(";"); for(int i=0;i<test.length;i++){ if(i==0){ temp=test[i].substring(7); }else{ temp=test[i].substring(8); } int index=temp.indexOf(","); list.add(temp.substring(0, index)); } } return list; }
这样就成功啦。那么现在我们就来测试下吧，这里有个地址提供webService天气预报的服务的，我这里只提供获取城市列表：
//命名空间 private static final String serviceNameSpace="http://WebXml.com.cn/"; //请求URL private static final String serviceURL="http://www.webxml.com.cn/webservices/weatherwebservice.asmx"; //调用方法(获得支持的城市) private static final String getSupportCity="getSupportCity"; //调用城市的方法(需要带参数) private static final String getWeatherbyCityName="getWeatherbyCityName"; //调用省或者直辖市的方法(获得支持的省份或直辖市) private static final String getSupportProvince="getSupportProvince";
然后你可以在浏览器中输入地址（WSDL）：serviceURL,你会看到一些可供调用的方法：
我们选择获取国内外主要城市或者省份的方法吧：getSupportProvice,然后调用，你会发现浏览器返回给我们的是xml文档：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?> - <ArrayOfString xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns="http://WebXml.com.cn/"> <string>直辖市</string> <string>特别行政区</string> <string>黑龙江</string> <string>吉林</string> <string>辽宁</string> <string>内蒙古</string> <string>河北</string> <string>河南</string> <string>山东</string> <string>山西</string> <string>江苏</string> <string>安徽</string> <string>陕西</string> <string>宁夏</string> <string>甘肃</string> <string>青海</string> <string>湖北</string> <string>湖南</string> <string>浙江</string> <string>江西</string> <string>福建</string> <string>贵州</string> <string>四川</string> <string>广东</string> <string>广西</string> <string>云南</string> <string>海南</string> <string>新疆</string> <string>西藏</string> <string>台湾</string> <string>亚洲</string> <string>欧洲</string> <string>非洲</string> <string>北美洲</string> <string>南美洲</string> <string>大洋洲</string> </ArrayOfString>
我们可以用 listview来显示：
那么下面我将给出全部代码：
public class WebServiceHelper { //WSDL文档中的命名空间 private static final String targetNameSpace="http://WebXml.com.cn/"; //WSDL文档中的URL private static final String WSDL="http://webservice.webxml.com.cn/WebServices/WeatherWebService.asmx?wsdl"; //需要调用的方法名(获得本天气预报Web Services支持的洲、国内外省份和城市信息) private static final String getSupportProvince="getSupportProvince"; //需要调用的方法名(获得本天气预报Web Services支持的城市信息,根据省份查询城市集合：带参数) private static final String getSupportCity="getSupportCity"; //根据城市或地区名称查询获得未来三天内天气情况、现在的天气实况、天气和生活指数 private static final String getWeatherbyCityName="getWeatherbyCityName"; /******** * 获得州，国内外省份和城市信息 * @return */ public List<String> getProvince(){ List<String> provinces=new ArrayList<String>(); String str=""; SoapObject soapObject=new SoapObject(targetNameSpace,getSupportProvince); //request.addProperty("参数", "参数值");调用的方法参数与参数值（根据具体需要可选可不选） SoapSerializationEnvelope envelope=new SoapSerializationEnvelope(SoapEnvelope.VER11); envelope.dotNet=true; envelope.setOutputSoapObject(soapObject);//envelope.bodyOut=request; AndroidHttpTransport httpTranstation=new AndroidHttpTransport(WSDL); //或者HttpTransportSE httpTranstation=new HttpTransportSE(WSDL); try { httpTranstation.call(targetNameSpace+getSupportProvince, envelope); SoapObject result=(SoapObject)envelope.getResponse(); //下面对结果进行解析，结构类似json对象 //str=(String) result.getProperty(6).toString(); int count=result.getPropertyCount(); for(int index=0;index<count;index++){ provinces.add(result.getProperty(index).toString()); } } catch (IOException e) { // TODO Auto-generated catch block e.printStackTrace(); } catch (XmlPullParserException e) { // TODO Auto-generated catch block e.printStackTrace(); } return provinces; } /********** * 根据省份或者直辖市获取天气预报所支持的城市集合 * @param province * @return */ public List<String> getCitys(String province){ List<String> citys=new ArrayList<String>(); SoapObject soapObject=new SoapObject(targetNameSpace,getSupportCity); soapObject.addProperty("byProvinceName", province); SoapSerializationEnvelope envelope=new SoapSerializationEnvelope(SoapEnvelope.VER11); envelope.dotNet=true; envelope.setOutputSoapObject(soapObject); AndroidHttpTransport httpTransport=new AndroidHttpTransport(WSDL); try { httpTransport.call(targetNameSpace+getSupportCity, envelope); SoapObject result=(SoapObject)envelope.getResponse(); int count=result.getPropertyCount(); for(int index=0;index<count;index++){ citys.add(result.getProperty(index).toString()); } } catch (IOException e) { // TODO Auto-generated catch block e.printStackTrace(); } catch (XmlPullParserException e) { // TODO Auto-generated catch block e.printStackTrace(); } return citys; } /*************************** * 根据城市信息获取天气预报信息 * @param city * @return ***************************/ public WeatherBean getWeatherByCity(String city){ WeatherBean bean=new WeatherBean(); SoapObject soapObject=new SoapObject(targetNameSpace,getWeatherbyCityName); soapObject.addProperty("theCityName",city);//调用的方法参数与参数值（根据具体需要可选可不选） SoapSerializationEnvelope envelope=new SoapSerializationEnvelope(SoapEnvelope.VER11); envelope.dotNet=true; envelope.setOutputSoapObject(soapObject);//envelope.bodyOut=request; AndroidHttpTransport httpTranstation=new AndroidHttpTransport(WSDL); //或者HttpTransportSE httpTranstation=new HttpTransportSE(WSDL); try { httpTranstation.call(targetNameSpace+getWeatherbyCityName, envelope); SoapObject result=(SoapObject)envelope.getResponse(); //下面对结果进行解析，结构类似json对象 bean=parserWeather(result); } catch (IOException e) { // TODO Auto-generated catch block e.printStackTrace(); } catch (XmlPullParserException e) { // TODO Auto-generated catch block e.printStackTrace(); } return bean; } /** * 解析返回的结果 * @param soapObject */ protected WeatherBean parserWeather(SoapObject soapObject){ WeatherBean bean=new WeatherBean(); List<Map<String,Object>> list=new ArrayList<Map<String,Object>>(); Map<String,Object> map=new HashMap<String,Object>(); //城市名 bean.setCityName(soapObject.getProperty(1).toString()); //城市简介 bean.setCityDescription(soapObject.getProperty(soapObject.getPropertyCount()-1).toString()); //天气实况+建议 bean.setLiveWeather(soapObject.getProperty(10).toString()+"\n"+soapObject.getProperty(11).toString()); //其他数据 //日期， String date=soapObject.getProperty(6).toString(); //--------------------------------------------------- String weatherToday="今天：" + date.split(" ")[0]; weatherToday+="\n天气："+ date.split(" ")[1]; weatherToday+="\n气温："+soapObject.getProperty(5).toString(); weatherToday+="\n风力："+soapObject.getProperty(7).toString(); weatherToday+="\n"; List<Integer> icons=new ArrayList<Integer>(); icons.add(parseIcon(soapObject.getProperty(8).toString())); icons.add(parseIcon(soapObject.getProperty(9).toString())); map.put("weatherDay", weatherToday); map.put("icons",icons); list.add(map); //------------------------------------------------- map=new HashMap<String,Object>(); date=soapObject.getProperty(13).toString(); String weatherTomorrow="明天：" + date.split(" ")[0]; weatherTomorrow+="\n天气："+ date.split(" ")[1]; weatherTomorrow+="\n气温："+soapObject.getProperty(12).toString(); weatherTomorrow+="\n风力："+soapObject.getProperty(14).toString(); weatherTomorrow+="\n"; icons=new ArrayList<Integer>(); icons.add(parseIcon(soapObject.getProperty(15).toString())); icons.add(parseIcon(soapObject.getProperty(16).toString())); map.put("weatherDay", weatherTomorrow); map.put("icons",icons); list.add(map); //-------------------------------------------------------------- map=new HashMap<String,Object>(); date=soapObject.getProperty(18).toString(); String weatherAfterTomorrow="后天：" + date.split(" ")[0]; weatherAfterTomorrow+="\n天气："+ date.split(" ")[1]; weatherAfterTomorrow+="\n气温："+soapObject.getProperty(17).toString(); weatherAfterTomorrow+="\n风力："+soapObject.getProperty(19).toString(); weatherAfterTomorrow+="\n"; icons=new ArrayList<Integer>(); icons.add(parseIcon(soapObject.getProperty(20).toString())); icons.add(parseIcon(soapObject.getProperty(21).toString())); map.put("weatherDay", weatherAfterTomorrow); map.put("icons",icons); list.add(map); //-------------------------------------------------------------- bean.setList(list); return bean; } //解析图标字符串 private int parseIcon(String data){ // 0.gif，返回名称0, int resID=32; String result=data.substring(0, data.length()-4).trim(); // String []icon=data.split("."); // String result=icon[0].trim(); // Log.e("this is the icon", result.trim()); if(!result.equals("nothing")){ resID=Integer.parseInt(result.trim()); } return resID; //return ("a_"+data).split(".")[0]; } }
以及帮助类：
public class WebServiceUtil { //命名空间 private static final String serviceNameSpace="http://WebXml.com.cn/"; //请求URL private static final String serviceURL="http://www.webxml.com.cn/webservices/weatherwebservice.asmx"; //调用方法(获得支持的城市) private static final String getSupportCity="getSupportCity"; //调用城市的方法(需要带参数) private static final String getWeatherbyCityName="getWeatherbyCityName"; //调用省或者直辖市的方法(获得支持的省份或直辖市) private static final String getSupportProvince="getSupportProvince"; /************* * @return城市列表 *************/ public static List<String> getCityList(){ //实例化SoapObject对象 SoapObject request=new SoapObject(serviceNameSpace, getSupportCity); //获得序列化的Envelope SoapSerializationEnvelope envelope=new SoapSerializationEnvelope(SoapEnvelope.VER11); envelope.bodyOut=request; (new MarshalBase64()).register(envelope); //Android传输对象 AndroidHttpTransport transport=new AndroidHttpTransport(serviceURL); transport.debug=true; //调用 try { transport.call(serviceNameSpace+getWeatherbyCityName, envelope); if(envelope.getResponse()!=null){ return parse(envelope.bodyIn.toString()); } } catch (IOException e) { // TODO Auto-generated catch block e.printStackTrace(); } catch (XmlPullParserException e) { // TODO Auto-generated catch block e.printStackTrace(); } return null; } public static List<String> getProviceList(){ //实例化SoapObject对象 SoapObject request=new SoapObject(serviceNameSpace, getSupportProvince); //获得序列化的Envelope SoapSerializationEnvelope envelope=new SoapSerializationEnvelope(SoapEnvelope.VER11); envelope.bodyOut=request; (new MarshalBase64()).register(envelope); //Android传输对象 AndroidHttpTransport transport=new AndroidHttpTransport(serviceURL); transport.debug=true; //调用 try { transport.call(serviceNameSpace+getWeatherbyCityName, envelope); if(envelope.getResponse()!=null){ return null; } } catch (IOException e) { // TODO Auto-generated catch block e.printStackTrace(); } catch (XmlPullParserException e) { // TODO Auto-generated catch block e.printStackTrace(); } return null; } /************* * @param cityName * @return *************/ public static String getWeather(String cityName){ return ""; } /************** * 解析XML * @param str * @return */ private static List<String> parse(String str){ String temp; List<String> list=new ArrayList<String>(); if(str!=null && str.length()>0){ int start=str.indexOf("string"); int end=str.lastIndexOf(";"); temp=str.substring(start, end-3); String []test=temp.split(";"); for(int i=0;i<test.length;i++){ if(i==0){ temp=test[i].substring(7); }else{ temp=test[i].substring(8); } int index=temp.indexOf(","); list.add(temp.substring(0, index)); } } return list; } /********* * 获取天气 * @param soapObject */ private void parseWeather(SoapObject soapObject){ //String date=soapObject.getProperty(6); } }
以上就是我所作的查询天气预报的全部核心代码了，读者可以根据注释以及本文章了解下具体实现，相信很快就搞明白了，运行结果如下：
到此结束，下一节主要是socket通信了。
