c++程序实例

设计一个用于人事管理的People（人员）类。考虑到通用性，这里只抽象出所有类型人员都具有的属性：number(编号)、sex(性别)、birthday(出生日期)、id(身份证号)等等。其中“出生日期”定义为一个“日期”类内嵌子对象。用成员函数实现对人员信息的录入和显示。要求包括：构造函数和析构函数、拷贝构造函数、内联成员函数。

 1 #include<iostream>
 2 #include<string>
 3 using namespace std;
 4 
 5 class Brithday
 6 {
 7 private:
 8     int year;
 9     int moon;
10     int day;
11 public:
12     Brithday(int year, int moon, int day)
13     {
14         this->year = year;
15         this->moon = moon;
16         this->day = day;
17     }
18     ~Brithday()
19     {
20         cout << "Brithday 析构函数输出" << endl;
21     }
22     int getYear()
23     {
24         return year;
25     }
26     int getMoon()
27     {
28         return moon;
29     }
30     int getDay()
31     {
32         return day;
33     }
34 };
35 class People
36 {
37 private:
38     string number;
39     string sex;
40     Brithday brithday;
41     string id;
42 public:
43     People(string number, string sex, int year,int moon,int day, string id)
44         :brithday(year,moon,day)
45     {
46         this->number = number;
47         this->sex = sex;
48         this->id = id;
49     }
50     People(People & p1)
51         :brithday(p1.brithday.getYear(), p1.brithday.getMoon(), p1.brithday.getDay())
52     {
53         this->number = p1.number;
54         this->sex = p1.sex;
55         this->id = p1.id;
56     }
57     ~People()
58     {
59         cout << "People 成员析构函数输出" << endl;
60     }
61     void display();
62 };
63 inline void People::display()
64 {
65     cout << "Peolpe 成员数据输出：" << endl;
66     cout << number << " " << sex << " " << brithday.getYear() << " 年" << brithday.getMoon()<< "月" << brithday.getDay() << "日 " << id << endl;
67 }
68 
69 int main()
70 {
71     People p1("159074277", "男", 1997, 2, 4, "452316735216753251");
72     p1.display();
73     People p2(p1);
74     p2.display();
75     system("pause");
76     return 0;
77 }
View Code

实验中People（人员）类。具有的属性如下：姓名char name[11]、 编号char number[7]、性别 char sex[3]、生日 birthday、身份证号 char id[16]。其中“出生日期”定义为一个“日期”类内嵌对象。用成员函数实现对人员信息的录入和显示。要求包括：构造函数和析构函、拷贝构造函数、内联成员函数、聚集。在测试程序中定义 people类的对象数组，录入数据并显示。

//个人认为在C++中使用string比char方便，所以用的是string

 

people（人员）类派生出student(学生)类，添加属性：班号char classNo[7];从people类派生出teacher（教师）类，添加属性：职务char principalship[11]、部门char department[21]。从student类派生出graduate（研究生）类，添加属性：专业char subject[21]、导师teacher adviser;从graduate类和teacher类派出TA（助教生）类，注意虚基类的使用。重载相应的成员函数，测试这些类。

  1 #include<iostream>
  2 #include<string>
  3 using namespace std;
  4  
  5 class Brithday
  6 {
  7 public:
  8        int year;
  9        int moon;
 10        int day;
 11 public:
 12        Brithday(int year, int moon, int day)
 13        {
 14               this->year = year;
 15               this->moon = moon;
 16               this->day = day;
 17        }
 18        ~Brithday()
 19        {
 20               cout << "Brithday 析构函数输出" << endl;
 21        }
 22        int getYear()
 23        {
 24               return year;
 25        }
 26        int getMoon()
 27        {
 28               return moon;
 29        }
 30        int getDay()
 31        {
 32               return day;
 33        }
 34 };
 35  
 36 class People
 37 {
 38 public:
 39        string number;
 40        string sex;
 41        Brithday brithday;
 42        string id;
 43 public:
 44        People(string number, string sex, int year, int moon, int day, string id)
 45               :brithday(year, moon, day)
 46        {
 47               this->number = number;
 48               this->sex = sex;
 49               this->id = id;
 50               cout << "People 构造函数调用成功" << endl;
 51        }
 52        People(People & p1)
 53               :brithday(p1.brithday.getYear(), p1.brithday.getMoon(), p1.brithday.getDay())
 54        {
 55               this->number = p1.number;
 56               this->sex = p1.sex;
 57               this->id = p1.id;
 58               cout << "People 拷贝构造函数调用成功" << endl;
 59        }
 60        ~People()
 61        {
 62               cout << "People 成员析构函数输出" << endl;
 63        }
 64        void display();
 65 };
 66 inline void People::display()
 67 {
 68        cout << "成员数据输出：" << endl;
 69        cout << "    "<<number << " " << sex << " " << brithday.getYear() << "年" << brithday.getMoon() << "月" << brithday.getDay() << "日 " <<"id:"<< id << " ";
 70 }
 71  
 72  
 73 class Student :virtual public People
 74 {
 75 private:
 76        string classNO;
 77 public:
 78        Student() :People("空", "空", 0000, 0, 0, "空")
 79        { 
 80               classNO = "空";
 81               cout << "Student 缺省构造函数调用成功" << endl;
 82        }
 83        Student(string number, string sex, int year, int moon, int day, string id, string classno) :
 84               People(number, sex, year, moon, day, id){
 85               classNO = classno;
 86               cout << "Student 构造函数调用成功" << endl;
 87        }
 88        Student(People p, string classno) :
 89               People(p){
 90               classNO = classno;
 91               cout << "Student people类的拷贝构造函数调用成功" << endl;
 92        }
 93        ~Student()
 94        {
 95               cout << "Student 析构函数调用成功" << endl;
 96        }
 97        void display();
 98 };
 99 inline void Student::display()
100 {
101        People::display();
102        cout << "classNO:" << classNO <<" ";
103 }
104  
105 class Teacher :virtual public People
106 {
107 private:
108        string principalship;
109        string department;
110 public:
111        Teacher() :People("空", "空", 0000, 0, 0, "空")
112        {
113               principalship = "空";
114               department = "空";
115               cout << "Teacher 缺省构造函数调用成功" << endl;
116        }
117        Teacher(string number, string sex, int year, int moon, int day, string id, string principalship,string department) :
118               People(number, sex, year, moon, day, id){
119               this->principalship = principalship;
120               this->department = department;
121               cout << "Teacher 构造函数调用成功" << endl;
122        }
123        Teacher(People p, string principalship, string department) :
124               People(p){
125               this->principalship = principalship;
126               this->department = department;
127               cout << "Teacher people类的拷贝构造函数调用成功" << endl;
128        }
129        ~Teacher()
130        {
131               cout << "Teacher 析构函数调用成功" << endl;
132        }
133        void display(int i);
134 };
135 inline void Teacher::display(int i = 0)
136 {
137        if (i != 1)
138             People::display();
139        cout << "principalship:" << principalship << " department:" << department<<" ";
140 }
141  
142 class Graduate :public Student
143 {
144 private:
145        string subject;
146        string teacher_adviser;
147 public:
148        Graduate() :Student("空", "空", 0000, 0, 0, "空","空"),
149               People("空", "空", 0000, 0, 0, "空")
150        {
151               subject = "空";
152               teacher_adviser = "空";
153               cout << "Graduate 缺省构造函数调用成功" << endl;
154        }
155        Graduate(string number, string sex, int year, int moon, int day, string id, string classno, string subject, string teacher_adviser) :
156               Student(number, sex, year, moon, day, id, classno), People(number, sex, year, moon, day, id)
157        {
158               this->subject = subject;
159               this->teacher_adviser = teacher_adviser;
160               cout << "Graduate 构造函数调用成功" << endl;
161        }
162        Graduate(Student p, string subject, string teacher_adviser) :
163               Student(p),People(p.number, p.sex, p.brithday.year, p.brithday.moon, p.brithday.day, p.id){
164               this->subject = subject;
165               this->teacher_adviser = teacher_adviser;
166               cout << "Graduate Student 类的拷贝构造函数调用成功" << endl;
167        }
168        ~Graduate()
169        {
170               cout << "Graduate 析构函数调用成功" << endl;
171        }
172        void display();
173  
174 };
175 inline void Graduate::display()
176 {
177        Student::display();
178        cout << "subject:" << subject << " teacher_adviser:" << teacher_adviser<<" ";
179 }
180  
181 class TA :public Teacher, public Graduate
182 {
183 public:
184        TA() :Graduate("空", "空", 0000, 0, 0, "空", "空","空","空"),
185               Teacher("空", "空", 0000, 0, 0, "空", "空", "空"),
186               People("空", "空", 0000, 0, 0, "空")
187        {
188               cout << "TA 缺省构造函数调用成功" << endl;
189        }
190        TA(string number, string sex, int year, int moon, int day, string id, string classno, string subject, string teacher_adviser, string principalship, string department) :
191               Graduate(number, sex, year, moon, day, id, classno, subject,teacher_adviser),
192               Teacher(number, sex, year, moon, day, id, principalship, department)
193               ,People(number, sex,year,brithday.moon, day, id)
194        {
195               cout << "TA 构造函数调用成功" << endl;
196        }
197        TA(Graduate G,Teacher T) :
198               Graduate(G), Teacher(T), People(G.number, G.sex, G.brithday.year, G.brithday.moon, G.brithday.day, G.id)
199        {
200               cout << "TA Graduate ,Teacher 类的拷贝构造函数调用成功" << endl;
201        }
202        ~TA()
203        {
204               cout << "TA 析构函数调用成功" << endl;
205        }
206        void display();
207 };
208 inline void TA::display()
209 {
210        Graduate::display();
211        Teacher::display(1);
212 }
213 int main()
214 {
215        People p1("159074277", "男", 1997, 2, 4, "452316735216753251");
216        cout << "    People p1";  p1.display();  cout << "\n";
217        People p2(p1);
218        cout << "    People p2";  p2.display();  cout << "\n";
219        Student S1(p1, "1213");
220        cout << "    Student S1";  S1.display();  cout << "\n";
221        Teacher T1(p2, "English Teacher", " English"); 
222        cout << "    Teacher T1"; T1.display();  cout << "\n";
223        Teacher T2;
224        Graduate G1(S1, "mach","zhangsan");
225        cout << "    Graduate G1";  G1.display();  cout << "\n";
226        TA TA1(G1, T2);
227        cout << "    TA TA1";  TA1.display();  cout << "\n";
228        system("pause");
229        return 0;
230 }
View Code

People类重载“= =”运算符和“=”运算符，“= =”运算符判断两个People类对象的id属性是否相等；“=”运算符实现People类对象的赋值操作。

  1 #include<iostream>
  2 #include<string>
  3 using namespace std;
  4 
  5 class Brithday
  6 {
  7 private:
  8     int year;
  9     int moon;
 10     int day;
 11 public:
 12     Brithday(int year, int moon, int day)
 13     {
 14         this->year = year;
 15         this->moon = moon;
 16         this->day = day;
 17     }
 18     ~Brithday()
 19     {
 20         cout << "Brithday 析构函数输出" << endl;
 21     }
 22     int getYear()
 23     {
 24         return year;
 25     }
 26     int getMoon()
 27     {
 28         return moon;
 29     }
 30     int getDay()
 31     {
 32         return day;
 33     }
 34 };
 35 class People
 36 {
 37 private:
 38     string number;
 39     string sex;
 40     Brithday brithday;
 41     string id;
 42 public:
 43     People()
 44         :brithday(0000, 00, 00)
 45     {
 46         this->number = "空";
 47         this->sex = "空";
 48         this->id = "空";
 49     }
 50     People(string number, string sex, int year, int moon, int day, string id)
 51         :brithday(year, moon, day)
 52     {
 53         this->number = number;
 54         this->sex = sex;
 55         this->id = id;
 56     }
 57     People(People & p1)
 58         :brithday(p1.brithday.getYear(), p1.brithday.getMoon(), p1.brithday.getDay())
 59     {
 60         this->number = p1.number;
 61         this->sex = p1.sex;
 62         this->id = p1.id;
 63     }
 64     ~People()
 65     {
 66         cout << "People 成员析构函数输出" << endl;
 67     }
 68     void display();
 69     friend bool operator ==(People &p1, People &p2)
 70     {
 71         bool k;
 72         if (p1.id == p2.id)
 73             k = 1;
 74         else
 75             k = 0;
 76             return k;
 77     }
 78     People& operator =(People &p)
 79     {
 80         this->brithday = p.brithday;
 81         this->number = p.number;
 82         this->sex = p.sex;
 83         this->id = p.id;    
 84         return *this;
 85     }
 86 };
 87 inline void People::display()
 88 {
 89     cout << "Peolpe 成员数据输出：" << endl;
 90     cout << number << " " << sex << " " << brithday.getYear() << " 年" << brithday.getMoon() << "月" << brithday.getDay() << "日 " << id << endl;
 91 }
 92 
 93 int main()
 94 {
 95     People p1("159074277", "男", 1997, 2, 4, "452316735216753251");
 96     p1.display();
 97     People p2("159074275", "女",1996, 12 ,5, "452316735216753251");
 98     p2.display();
 99     if (p1 == p2)
100         cout << "p1 = p2" << endl;
101     p1 = p2;
102     p1.display();
103     system("pause");
104     return 0;
105 
106 }
View Code

 

*****************************************************************************************************************

编写程序定义一个车(vehicle)基类，有Run、Stop等成员函数，由此派生出自行车(bicycle)类、汽车类（motorcar），从bicycle类和motorcar类派生出摩托车类（motorcycle），它们都有Run、Stop等成员函数。在main()函数中定义vehicle、bicycle、motorcar、motorcycle的对象，调用其Run()、Stop()函数，观察其执行情况。再分别用vehicle类型的指针来调用几个对象的成员函数，看看能否成功；把Run、Stop定义为虚函数，再试看。程序名：lab8_2.cpp。

  1 #include<iostream>
  2 #include<stdlib.h>
  3 using namespace std;
  4 
  5 class  Vehicle
  6 {
  7 private:
  8     double MaxSpeed;
  9     double Weight;
 10 public:
 11     Vehicle(double maxspeed, double weight)
 12     {
 13         this->MaxSpeed = maxspeed;
 14         this->Weight = weight;
 15         cout << "Vehicle 构造函数调用成功" << endl;
 16     }
 17     ~Vehicle()
 18     {
 19         cout << "Vehicle 析构函数调用成功" << endl;
 20     }
 21     virtual void Run()
 22     {
 23         cout << "Vehicle Run() 函数调用成功" << endl;
 24     }
 25     virtual void Stop()
 26     {
 27         cout << "Vehicle Stop() 函数调用成功" << endl;
 28     }
 29 };
 30 class Bicycle : virtual public Vehicle
 31 {
 32 private:
 33     double Height;
 34 public:
 35     Bicycle(double maxspeed, double weight, double height)
 36         :Vehicle(maxspeed, weight)
 37     {
 38         this->Height = height;
 39         cout << "Bicycle 构造函数输出" << endl;
 40     }
 41     ~Bicycle()
 42     {
 43         cout << "Bicycle 析构函数输出" << endl;
 44     }
 45     void Run()
 46     {
 47         cout << "Bicycle Run() 函数调用成功" << endl;
 48     }
 49     void Stop()
 50     {
 51         cout << "Bicycle Stop() 函数调用成功" << endl;
 52     }
 53 
 54 };
 55 class Motorcar : virtual public Vehicle
 56 {
 57 private:
 58     int SeatNum;
 59 public:
 60     Motorcar(double maxspeed, double weight, double seatnum)
 61         :Vehicle(maxspeed, weight)
 62     {
 63         this->SeatNum = seatnum;
 64         cout << "Motorcar 构造函数输出" << endl;
 65     }
 66     ~Motorcar()
 67     {
 68         cout << "Motorcar 析构函数输出" << endl;
 69     }
 70     //other 函数，待定
 71     void Run()
 72     {
 73         cout << "Motorcar Run() 函数调用成功" << endl;
 74     }
 75     void Stop()
 76     {
 77         cout << "Motorcar Stop() 函数调用成功" << endl;
 78     }
 79 };
 80 
 81 class Motorcycle :public Motorcar, public Bicycle
 82 {
 83 public:
 84     Motorcycle(double maxspeed, double weight, double height, double seatnum)
 85         :Vehicle(maxspeed, weight), Bicycle(maxspeed, weight, height),
 86         Motorcar(maxspeed, weight, seatnum)
 87     {
 88         cout << "Motorcycle 构造函数输出" << endl;
 89     }
 90     ~Motorcycle()
 91     {
 92         cout << "Motorcycle 析构函数输出" << endl;
 93     }
 94     //other 函数，待定
 95     void Run()
 96     {
 97         cout << "Motorcycle Run() 函数调用成功" << endl;
 98     }
 99     void Stop()
100     {
101         cout << "Motorcycle Stop() 函数调用成功" << endl;
102     }
103 };
104 
105 
106 int main(void)
107 {
108     Motorcycle *a = new Motorcycle(1, 2, 3, 4);
109     Vehicle *v;
110     Bicycle *b;
111     Motorcar *m;
112     a->Run(),a->Stop();
113     v = a;
114     v->Run(),v->Stop();
115     b = a;
116     b->Run(),b->Stop();
117     m = a;
118     m->Run(),m->Stop();
119     delete(a); 
120     a = NULL; 
121     system("pause");
122     return 0;
123 }
View Code

 

posted @ 2018-04-20 23:03  醉风晨  阅读(13756)  评论(2)  编辑  收藏  举报