mybatis多表关联查询
在以往的项目中,多表关联查询使用外键进行关联,在实体类中写的属性也是外键,在使用mybatis时,需要进行调整。需要用到的数据库如下:
-- ---------------------------- -- Table structure for dept -- ---------------------------- DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `dept`; CREATE TABLE `dept` ( `did` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, `dname` varchar(50) NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (`did`) ) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=3 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8; -- ---------------------------- -- Records of dept -- ---------------------------- INSERT INTO `dept` VALUES ('1', '人事部'); INSERT INTO `dept` VALUES ('2', '销售部'); -- ---------------------------- -- Table structure for emp -- ---------------------------- DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `emp`; CREATE TABLE `emp` ( `eid` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, `ename` varchar(50) NOT NULL, `did` int(11) DEFAULT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (`eid`) ) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=4 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8; -- ---------------------------- -- Records of emp -- ---------------------------- INSERT INTO `emp` VALUES ('1', 'zhangsan', '1'); INSERT INTO `emp` VALUES ('2', 'lisi', '1'); INSERT INTO `emp` VALUES ('3', 'wanger', '2'); -- ---------------------------- -- Table structure for login -- ---------------------------- DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `login`; CREATE TABLE `login` ( `uid` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, `username` varchar(50) DEFAULT NULL, `password` varchar(50) DEFAULT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (`uid`) ) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=4 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8; -- ---------------------------- -- Records of login -- ---------------------------- INSERT INTO `login` VALUES ('1', 'zhaoshuai', '123456'); INSERT INTO `login` VALUES ('3', 'xiaoming', '456789');
新建员工与部门的实体类:
package com.zs.entity; public class Emp { private int eid; private String ename; private Dept dept; public Emp() { } public Emp(int eid, String ename, Dept dept) { this.eid = eid; this.ename = ename; this.dept = dept; } public int getEid() { return eid; } public void setEid(int eid) { this.eid = eid; } public String getEname() { return ename; } public void setEname(String ename) { this.ename = ename; } public Dept getDept() { return dept; } public void setDept(Dept dept) { this.dept = dept; } @Override public String toString() { return "Emp{" + "eid=" + eid + ", ename='" + ename + '\'' + ", dept=" + dept + '}'; } }
package com.zs.entity; import java.util.List; public class Dept { private int did; private String dname; private List<Emp> emps; public Dept() { } public Dept(int did, String dname, List<Emp> emps) { this.did = did; this.dname = dname; this.emps = emps; } public int getDid() { return did; } public void setDid(int did) { this.did = did; } public String getDname() { return dname; } public void setDname(String dname) { this.dname = dname; } public List<Emp> getEmps() { return emps; } public void setEmps(List<Emp> emps) { this.emps = emps; } @Override public String toString() { return "Dept{" + "did=" + did + ", dname='" + dname + '\'' + ", emps=" + emps + '}'; } }
在上面的实体类中可以看到,员工属于部门,这是多对一的关系,在多的一方的实体中,创建一的对象,然后再一的一方,创建多的一方的list集合,这样就产生了关系。
在项目中创建dao层,进行数据库的操作,dao层如下:
package com.zs.dao; import com.zs.entity.Emp; import java.util.List; /** * 员工信息持久化层接口 */ public interface EmpDao { /** * 查询所有员工 */ List<Emp> listemps(); /** * 添加员工 */ int addEmp(Emp emp); /** * 修改员工信息 */ int updEmp(Emp emp); /** * 删除员工根据id */ int delById(int id); }
package com.zs.dao; import com.zs.entity.Dept; import java.util.List; /** * 部门信息持久化层 */ public interface DeptDao { /** * 查询所有部门信息 */ List<Dept> listDept(); }
然后创建mybatis配置文件,以及mapper文件,并将mapper文件添加到mybatis配置文件中使用动态代理。代码如下:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?> <!DOCTYPE configuration PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd"> <configuration> <environments default="mysql"> <environment id="mysql"> <transactionManager type="JDBC"></transactionManager> <!--配置mybatis连接数据库的连接池信息--> <dataSource type="POOLED"> <!--配置数据库基本信息--> <property name="driver" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"/> <property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/zs_base?characterEncoding=utf-8"/> <property name="username" value="root"/> <property name="password" value="123456"/> </dataSource> </environment> </environments> <!--配置mapper映射文件--> <mappers> <mapper resource="mapper/login.xml"/> <mapper resource="mapper/emp.xml"/> <mapper resource="mapper/dept.xml"/> </mappers> </configuration>
<!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org// Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd"> <mapper namespace="com.zs.dao.EmpDao"> <!--创建resultMap--> <resultMap id="emp" type="com.zs.entity.Emp"> <id column="eid" property="eid"/> <result column="ename" property="ename"/> <!--配置多对一的关系,使用association在多的一方 property值为在一的实体类中,多的一方的属性名称 --> <association property="dept" javaType="com.zs.entity.Dept"> <id column="did" property="did"/> <result column="dname" property="dname"/> </association> </resultMap> <!--查询所有员工信息--> <select id="listemps" resultMap="emp"> select * from emp e inner join dept d on e.did=d.did; </select> <!--添加员工--> <insert id="addEmp" parameterType="com.zs.entity.Emp"> insert into emp (ename,did) value(#{ename},#{did}); </insert> <!--修改员工--> <update id="updEmp" parameterType="com.zs.entity.Emp"> update emp set ename=#{ename},did=#{did} where eid=#{eid}; </update> <!--删除员工--> <delete id="delById" parameterType="Integer"> delete from emp where eid=#{eid}; </delete> </mapper>
<!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org// Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd"> <mapper namespace="com.zs.dao.DeptDao"> <resultMap id="dept" type="com.zs.entity.Dept"> <id column="did" property="did"/> <result column="dname" property="dname"/> <!--创建一对多的关系,使用collection来标记,prompty值为一的一方实体类内多的一方的属性名称 (即dept实体类中,emp的属性名称)在多的一方使用oftype来设置对象类型, 当列别名与列名一致时,可以使用autoMapping来简化,值为true表示,列别名与列名一致--> <collection property="emps" ofType="com.zs.entity.Emp" autoMapping="true" > <!--使用autoMapping与下面代码效果一样--> <!--<id column="eid" property="eid"/>--> <!--<result column="ename" property="ename"/>--> </collection> </resultMap> <select id="listDept" resultMap="dept"> --当列名与列别名一致时(即column值与property值一样时,可以使用*,否则使用列别名column) select * from dept d inner join emp e on d.did=e.did; </select> </mapper>
下面进行测试:
import com.zs.dao.DeptDao; import com.zs.dao.EmpDao; import com.zs.entity.Dept; import com.zs.entity.Emp; import com.zs.util.SqlSessionUtil; import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession; import org.junit.Test; import java.util.List; public class empTest { @Test public void test1() { SqlSession session = SqlSessionUtil.getSession(); EmpDao mapper = session.getMapper(EmpDao.class); List<Emp> list = mapper.listemps(); for (Emp emp : list) { System.out.println(emp); } } @Test public void test2() { SqlSession session = SqlSessionUtil.getSession(); DeptDao mapper = session.getMapper(DeptDao.class); List<Dept> depts = mapper.listDept(); for (Dept dept : depts) { System.out.println(dept); } } }
结果如图: