Pyqt5_布局、信号传递

四、Qtdesigner布局#

1、控件自适应

container 容器 frame框架 Spacers弹簧占位，

界面布局，水平、垂直、网格布局

选定界面，选择布局，layout属性调比例

2、添加图片

添加资源、资源浏览器

资源文件存放位置、资源文件夹，资源文件，

组件的 stylesheet属性，添加资源

background 平铺图片，无自适应

border适应，铺满到边框

image适应，不铺满，自身比例

五、窗口信号传递#

1、方法

子窗口数据传入主窗口，signal;

主窗口数据传子窗口直接传类变量即可

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import sys
from PyQt5 import QtCore
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QApplication, QMainWindow, QTableWidgetItem
from MainWinTest import Ui_MainWindow
from ChildWinTest import Ui_Dialog
#主窗口类复写
class MainWindow(QMainWindow, Ui_MainWindow):
    def __init__(self):
        super(MainWindow, self).__init__()
        self.setupUi(self)
        self.pushButton.clicked.connect(self.onClicked)
        #一定要在主窗口类的初始化函数中对子窗口进行实例化，如果在其他函数中实例化子窗口
        #可能会出现子窗口闪退的问题
        self.ChildDialog = ChildWin()

    def onClicked(self):
        self.ChildDialog.show()
        #连接信号
        self.ChildDialog._signal.connect(self.getData)


    def getData(self, parameter):
        #print(parameter)
        self.lineEdit.setText(parameter)


class ChildWin(QMainWindow, Ui_Dialog):
    #定义信号
    _signal = QtCore.pyqtSignal(str)
    def __init__(self):
        super(ChildWin, self).__init__()
        self.setupUi(self)
        self.pushButton.clicked.connect(self.slot1)

    def slot1(self):
        data_str = self.lineEdit.text()
        #发送信号
        self._signal.emit(data_str)

if __name__ == '__main__':
    app = QApplication(sys.argv)
    MainWindow = MainWindow()
    ChildWindow = ChildWin()
    MainWindow.show()
    sys.exit(app.exec_())

2、实例

输入子窗口向主窗口传入数据，主窗口可以持续接收输入窗口的每次输入。

主窗口信息传到输出子窗口，输出窗口显示内容。

2.1 主窗口

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# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

# Form implementation generated from reading ui file 'main_win.ui'
#
# Created by: PyQt5 UI code generator 5.15.4
#
# WARNING: Any manual changes made to this file will be lost when pyuic5 is
# run again.  Do not edit this file unless you know what you are doing.


from PyQt5 import QtCore, QtGui, QtWidgets


class Ui_MainWindow(object):
    def setupUi(self, MainWindow):
        MainWindow.setObjectName("MainWindow")
        MainWindow.resize(737, 420)
        self.centralwidget = QtWidgets.QWidget(MainWindow)
        self.centralwidget.setObjectName("centralwidget")
        self.get_button = QtWidgets.QPushButton(self.centralwidget)
        self.get_button.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(70, 100, 251, 91))
        self.get_button.setObjectName("get_button")
        self.show_text = QtWidgets.QTextBrowser(self.centralwidget)
        self.show_text.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(380, 60, 256, 192))
        self.show_text.setObjectName("show_text")
        self.pushButton = QtWidgets.QPushButton(self.centralwidget)
        self.pushButton.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(140, 260, 93, 28))
        self.pushButton.setObjectName("pushButton")
        MainWindow.setCentralWidget(self.centralwidget)
        self.menubar = QtWidgets.QMenuBar(MainWindow)
        self.menubar.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(0, 0, 737, 26))
        self.menubar.setObjectName("menubar")
        MainWindow.setMenuBar(self.menubar)
        self.statusbar = QtWidgets.QStatusBar(MainWindow)
        self.statusbar.setObjectName("statusbar")
        MainWindow.setStatusBar(self.statusbar)

        self.retranslateUi(MainWindow)
        QtCore.QMetaObject.connectSlotsByName(MainWindow)

    def retranslateUi(self, MainWindow):
        _translate = QtCore.QCoreApplication.translate
        MainWindow.setWindowTitle(_translate("MainWindow", "MainWindow"))
        self.get_button.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "获取输入"))
        self.pushButton.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "显示结果"))

2.2 输入窗口

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# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

# Form implementation generated from reading ui file 'chi_win.ui'
#
# Created by: PyQt5 UI code generator 5.15.4
#
# WARNING: Any manual changes made to this file will be lost when pyuic5 is
# run again.  Do not edit this file unless you know what you are doing.


from PyQt5 import QtCore, QtGui, QtWidgets


class Ui_Dialog(object):
    def setupUi(self, Dialog):
        Dialog.setObjectName("Dialog")
        Dialog.resize(694, 300)
        self.submit_button = QtWidgets.QPushButton(Dialog)
        self.submit_button.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(190, 190, 93, 28))
        self.submit_button.setObjectName("submit_button")
        self.lineEdit = QtWidgets.QLineEdit(Dialog)
        self.lineEdit.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(190, 40, 321, 51))
        self.lineEdit.setObjectName("lineEdit")
        self.lineEdit_2 = QtWidgets.QLineEdit(Dialog)
        self.lineEdit_2.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(190, 120, 281, 51))
        self.lineEdit_2.setObjectName("lineEdit_2")

        self.retranslateUi(Dialog)
        QtCore.QMetaObject.connectSlotsByName(Dialog)

    def retranslateUi(self, Dialog):
        _translate = QtCore.QCoreApplication.translate
        Dialog.setWindowTitle(_translate("Dialog", "Dialog"))
        self.submit_button.setText(_translate("Dialog", "提交"))

2.3 输出窗口

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# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

# Form implementation generated from reading ui file 'rec_win.ui'
#
# Created by: PyQt5 UI code generator 5.15.4
#
# WARNING: Any manual changes made to this file will be lost when pyuic5 is
# run again.  Do not edit this file unless you know what you are doing.


from PyQt5 import QtCore, QtGui, QtWidgets


class Ui_Result_Dialog(object):
    def setupUi(self, Result_Dialog):
        Result_Dialog.setObjectName("Result_Dialog")
        Result_Dialog.resize(663, 506)
        self.label = QtWidgets.QLabel(Result_Dialog)
        self.label.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(80, 80, 301, 61))
        self.label.setObjectName("label")
        self.textBrowser = QtWidgets.QTextBrowser(Result_Dialog)
        self.textBrowser.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(70, 180, 481, 61))
        self.textBrowser.setObjectName("textBrowser")

        self.retranslateUi(Result_Dialog)
        QtCore.QMetaObject.connectSlotsByName(Result_Dialog)

    def retranslateUi(self, Result_Dialog):
        _translate = QtCore.QCoreApplication.translate
        Result_Dialog.setWindowTitle(_translate("Result_Dialog", "Dialog"))
        self.label.setText(_translate("Result_Dialog", "结果显示"))

2.4 主程序

Copy
import sys
from PyQt5 import QtCore
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QApplication,QMainWindow,QDialog
from main_win import *
from chi_win import *
from rec_win import *

class Mymainwin(QMainWindow, Ui_MainWindow):
    def __init__(self, parent=None):        #最上层窗体
        super().__init__()
        self.data_li = []
        self.setupUi(self)
        self.get_button.clicked.connect(self.show_chi)
        #子窗口放在这里关闭后再打开会传出多次信号
        #self.chiw = Mychi()
        self.pushButton.clicked.connect(self.show_result)

    def show_chi(self):
        #创建字窗口
        self.chiw = Mychi()
        # 打开子窗口
        self.chiw.show()
        #连接信号
        self.chiw._signal.connect(self.show_data)

    def show_result(self):
        dat = self.show_text.toPlainText()
        self.chiw_1 = Mychi_2(dat)
        self.chiw_1.show()


    def show_data(self, parameter):
        self.data_li.append(parameter)
        self.show_text.setText(str(self.data_li))

    # 复写关闭函数，主窗口关闭所有窗口关闭
    def closeEvent(self, event):
        sys.exit(0)

class Mychi(QDialog, Ui_Dialog):
    #定义信号
    _signal = QtCore.pyqtSignal(str)

    def __init__(self):
        super().__init__()
        self.setupUi(self)
        #self.retranslateUi(self)
        #self.get_button.clicked.connect(self.show_chi)
        self.submit_button.clicked.connect(self.data_go)


    def data_go(self):
        data1 = self.lineEdit.text()
        data2 = self.lineEdit_2.text()
        da = data1+data2
        #发送信号
        self._signal.emit(da)

class Mychi_2(QDialog, Ui_Result_Dialog):
    def __init__(self, dat):
        #print(dat)
        self.dat = dat
        super().__init__()
        self.setupUi(self)
        self.textBrowser.setText(str(self.dat))


if __name__ == '__main__':
    app = QApplication(sys.argv)
    main = Mymainwin()
    #chid = Mychi()
    main.show()
    sys.exit(app.exec_())

五、表格数据处理实例#

主窗口为表格，子窗口向主窗口提供数据，表格每行对应删除该行的按钮

1、主窗口类

tabe_stu.py 显示表格，pydesigner设计的主界面类

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# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

# Form implementation generated from reading ui file 'tabe_stu.ui'
#
# Created by: PyQt5 UI code generator 5.15.4
#
# WARNING: Any manual changes made to this file will be lost when pyuic5 is
# run again.  Do not edit this file unless you know what you are doing.


from PyQt5 import QtCore, QtGui, QtWidgets


class Ui_Form(object):
    def setupUi(self, Form):
        Form.setObjectName("Form")
        Form.resize(675, 372)
        self.tableWidget = QtWidgets.QTableWidget(Form)
        self.tableWidget.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(20, 40, 571, 241))
        self.tableWidget.setObjectName("tableWidget")
        self.tableWidget.setColumnCount(3)
        self.tableWidget.setRowCount(0)
        item = QtWidgets.QTableWidgetItem()
        self.tableWidget.setHorizontalHeaderItem(0, item)
        item = QtWidgets.QTableWidgetItem()
        self.tableWidget.setHorizontalHeaderItem(1, item)
        item = QtWidgets.QTableWidgetItem()
        self.tableWidget.setHorizontalHeaderItem(2, item)
        self.pushButton = QtWidgets.QPushButton(Form)
        self.pushButton.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(240, 310, 93, 28))
        self.pushButton.setObjectName("pushButton")

        self.retranslateUi(Form)
        QtCore.QMetaObject.connectSlotsByName(Form)

    def retranslateUi(self, Form):
        _translate = QtCore.QCoreApplication.translate
        Form.setWindowTitle(_translate("Form", "Form"))
        item = self.tableWidget.horizontalHeaderItem(0)
        item.setText(_translate("Form", "姓名"))
        item = self.tableWidget.horizontalHeaderItem(1)
        item.setText(_translate("Form", "年龄"))
        item = self.tableWidget.horizontalHeaderItem(2)
        item.setText(_translate("Form", "操作"))
        self.pushButton.setText(_translate("Form", "添加"))

2、子窗口

chi_get.py 获取输入对话框，用于获取用户输入

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# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

# Form implementation generated from reading ui file 'chi_get.ui'
#
# Created by: PyQt5 UI code generator 5.15.4
#
# WARNING: Any manual changes made to this file will be lost when pyuic5 is
# run again.  Do not edit this file unless you know what you are doing.


from PyQt5 import QtCore, QtGui, QtWidgets


class Ui_Dialog(object):
    def setupUi(self, Dialog):
        Dialog.setObjectName("Dialog")
        Dialog.resize(400, 300)
        self.label = QtWidgets.QLabel(Dialog)
        self.label.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(50, 30, 72, 15))
        self.label.setObjectName("label")
        self.label_2 = QtWidgets.QLabel(Dialog)
        self.label_2.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(50, 140, 72, 15))
        self.label_2.setObjectName("label_2")
        self.lineEdit = QtWidgets.QLineEdit(Dialog)
        self.lineEdit.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(50, 70, 113, 21))
        self.lineEdit.setObjectName("lineEdit")
        self.lineEdit_2 = QtWidgets.QLineEdit(Dialog)
        self.lineEdit_2.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(50, 170, 113, 21))
        self.lineEdit_2.setObjectName("lineEdit_2")
        self.pushButton = QtWidgets.QPushButton(Dialog)
        self.pushButton.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(60, 240, 93, 28))
        self.pushButton.setObjectName("pushButton")

        self.retranslateUi(Dialog)
        QtCore.QMetaObject.connectSlotsByName(Dialog)

    def retranslateUi(self, Dialog):
        _translate = QtCore.QCoreApplication.translate
        Dialog.setWindowTitle(_translate("Dialog", "Dialog"))
        self.label.setText(_translate("Dialog", "姓名"))
        self.label_2.setText(_translate("Dialog", "年龄"))
        self.pushButton.setText(_translate("Dialog", "提交"))

3、主程序

tabe_use.py 继承并复写主窗口和子窗口

主程序，实现主窗口和子窗口信息交互

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import sys
from PyQt5 import QtCore
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QApplication,QMainWindow,QDialog
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import *
from tabe_stu import *
from chi_get import *



from PyQt5 import QtCore, QtGui, QtWidgets
'''
class Mybwin(QtWidgets, Ui_Form):   会报错
metaclass conflict: the metaclass of a derived class must be a (non-strict) subclass of the metaclasses of all its bases
说明：元类：创建类对象的类。多个metaclass存在的时候，没有继承元类A或者继承元类B时就会发生冲突
这里只用了QMainWindow类，所以改成  class Mybwin(QMainWindow, Ui_Form):   也可以
'''
'''
若在QtDesinger里面新建窗口的时候，用模板Widget生成界面
则继承的是QFrame，应改成class Mymainwin(QFrame, Ui_Scode_Form):
否则无法正常显示
'''
class Mybwin(QtWidgets.QMainWindow, Ui_Form):
    def __init__(self):
        super().__init__()
        self.toli = []
        print(self.toli)
        self.setupUi(self)
        self.pushButton.clicked.connect(self.sho_chi)


    def sho_chi(self):

        self.chiw = Mychi()
        self.chiw.show()
        self.chiw._signal.connect(self.adrow)

    def adrow(self, li):
        li = eval(li)
        self.toli.append(li)
        self.show_data()

    def show_data(self):
        self.tableWidget.setRowCount(0)
        self.tableWidget.clearContents()
        #print(self.toli)

        for ro in self.toli:
            row = self.tableWidget.rowCount()
            self.tableWidget.insertRow(row)
            for i in range(len(ro)):
                ite = QTableWidgetItem(str(ro[i]))
                self.tableWidget.setItem(row,i,ite)
            self.deleteBtn = QtWidgets.QPushButton('删除')
            self.deleteBtn.setStyleSheet(''' text-align : center;
                                    background-color : LightCoral;
                                    height : 30px;
                                    border-style: outset;
                                    font : 13px; ''')
            self.tableWidget.setCellWidget(row, i+1, self.deleteBtn)
            self.deleteBtn.clicked.connect(self.deler)

    def deler(self):
        button = self.sender()
        print(button)
        if button:
            #确定其在父控件行列值
            row = self.tableWidget.indexAt(button.pos()).row()
            #print(row)
            #print(self.tableWidget.item(row, 0).text())
            #print(self.tableWidget.item(row, 1).text())
            de_li = [self.tableWidget.item(row, 0).text(),int(self.tableWidget.item(row, 1).text())]
            print(de_li)
            self.toli.remove(de_li)
            print(self.toli)
            #self.tableWidget.removeRow(row)
            self.show_data()

    def closeEvent(self, event):
        sys.exit(0)

class Mychi(QDialog, Ui_Dialog):

    _signal = QtCore.pyqtSignal(str)

    def __init__(self):
        super().__init__()
        self.setupUi(self)
        self.pushButton.clicked.connect(self.da_sen)

    def da_sen(self):
        da_1 = self.lineEdit.text()
        da_2 = self.lineEdit_2.text()
        da = str([da_1, int(da_2)])
        self._signal.emit(da)

if __name__=='__main__':
    app = QApplication(sys.argv)
    maw = Mybwin()
    li1 = str(['alic',12])
    li2 = str(['dio', 15])
    li3 = str(['axqe', 17])
    maw.show()
    maw.adrow(li1)
    maw.adrow(li2)
    maw.adrow(li3)
    maw.show_data()
    sys.exit(app.exec_())