Opencv实例练习

  实例所用的函数可在另一篇文章查询:  https://www.cnblogs.com/Zhouce/p/17867164.html

1、图像读取

 1 import cv2            # 引入opencv库
 2 import numpy as np    # 引入numpy库
 3 fn  = "car.png"
 4 
 5 # img_color = cv2.imread(fn,1)                   # 上下两种方式都是读取彩色图像的flag
 6 img_color = cv2.imread(fn,cv2.IMREAD_COLOR)
 7 
 8 # img_gray  = cv2.imread(fn,0)                   # 上下两种方式都是读取灰色图像的flag
 9 img_gray = cv2.imread(fn,cv2.IMREAD_GRAYSCALE)
10 
11 # 获取图像大小
12 sp1 = img_color.shape
13 sp2 = img_gray.shape
14 print("img_color.shape = ",sp1)           # 彩色图像三通道 : 高度(图像行数)、宽度(图像列数)、通道数
15 print("img_gray.shape = ",sp2)            # 灰色图像两通道 : 高度(图像行数)、宽度(图像列数)
16 
17 # # 创建窗口
18 # cv2.namedWindow('img_color')
19 # cv2.namedWindow('img_color')
20 
21 # 显示图像
22 cv2.imshow('img_color',img_color)
23 cv2.imshow('img_gray',img_gray)
24 
25 cv2.waitKey(0)

 

 2、保存图像

 1 import cv2
 2 
 3 fn  = "car.png"
 4 img_gray  = cv2.imread(fn,0)
 5 sp1 = img_gray.shape
 6 
 7 cv2.imshow('image',img_gray)              # 显示灰色图像
 8 cv2.imwrite("car_gray.png",img_gray)      # 在当前文件夹下保存图像
 9 
10 cv2.waitKey(0)
11 cv2.destroyAllWindows()

 3、缩放图像

 # 第一种缩放图像的方法
1
import cv2 2 import numpy as np 3 4 fn = 'car.png' 5 6 img = cv2.imread(fn) 7 8 #指定目标图像的宽高 9 #图像不失真 10 11 # img_down_0 = cv2.resize(img,(150,150)) # 12 img_up_0 = cv2.resize(img,(500,500)) 13 14 # cv2.imshow('carimg',img_down_0) 15 cv2.imshow('carimg',img_up_0) 16 17 # 图像失真 18 img_distortion = cv2.resize(img, (200, 300)) 19 cv2.imshow('img_distortion', img_distortion) 20 cv2.waitKey(0) 21 cv2.destroyAllWindows()

 

 # 第二种缩放图像的方法
1
import cv2 2 import numpy as np 3 4 fn = 'car.png' 5 6 img = cv2.imread(fn) 7 8 # 指定图像的比例因子(需要指出的是dsize必须要传参,None) 9 # 图像不失真 10 img_down_1 = cv2.resize(img,None,fx=0.75,fy=0.75) 11 img_up_1 = cv2.resize(img,None,fx=1.2,fy=1.2) 12 cv2.imshow('img_down-No distortion1', img_down_1) 13 cv2.imshow('img_up-No distortion1', img_up_1) 14 # 图像失真 15 img_distortion1 = cv2.resize(img,None,fx=0.75,fy=1.2) 16 cv2.imshow('img distortion1',img_distortion1) 17 cv2.waitKey(0) 18 cv2.destroyAllWindows()

 

 1 import cv2
 2 import numpy as np
 3 
 4 fn = 'car.png'
 5 
 6 img = cv2.imread(fn)
 7 
 8 # 指定图像缩放方法
 9 img_scale0 = cv2.resize(img, (150, 150), interpolation=cv2.INTER_AREA)
10 img_scale1 = cv2.resize(img, (450, 450), interpolation=cv2.INTER_CUBIC)
11 img_scale2 = cv2.resize(img, (450, 450), interpolation=cv2.INTER_LINEAR)
12 img_scale3 = cv2.resize(img, (150, 150), interpolation=cv2.INTER_NEAREST)
13 
14 cv2.imshow('img_scale0',img_scale0)
15 cv2.imshow('img_scale1',img_scale1)
16 cv2.imshow('img_scale2',img_scale2)
17 cv2.imshow('img_scale3',img_scale3)
18 
19 cv2.waitKey(0)
20 cv2.destroyAllWindows()
21 # 可选值包括cv2.INTER_NEAREST、cv2.INTER_LINEAR双线性插值法(默认)、cv2.INTER_AREA、cv2.INTER_CUBIC、cv2.INTER_LANCZOS4等

 4、图像裁剪

 1 import cv2
 2 
 3 fn  = "car.png"
 4 car = cv2.imread(fn)
 5 print(car.shape)
 6 
 7 # 裁剪图像
 8 cropped_car = car[25:190,50:300]      # image[start_row : end_row , start_rol : end_rol]
 9 cv2.imshow('original',car)
10 cv2.imshow('cropped',cropped_car)
11 cv2.waitKey(0)
12 cv2.destroyAllWindows()

 5、色彩空间转换

 1 # 颜色空间转换 cv2.cvtColor(img,flags)
 2 
 3 import cv2
 4 import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
 5 
 6 img = cv2.imread("car.png")
 7 # 利用plot函数画出图像并放置在一个窗口中显示
 8 plt.subplot(3,3,1)
 9 plt.imshow(img)
10 plt.axis('off')
11 plt.title('BGR')
12 
13 # BGR变换RGB
14 img_RGB = cv2.cvtColor(img,cv2.COLOR_BGR2RGB)
15 plt.subplot(3,3,2)
16 plt.imshow(img_RGB)
17 plt.axis('off')
18 plt.title('RGB')
19 
20 # 原图变换灰度图
21 img_GRAY = cv2.cvtColor(img,cv2.COLOR_BGR2GRAY)
22 plt.subplot(3, 3, 3)
23 plt.imshow(img_GRAY)
24 plt.axis('off')
25 plt.title('GRAY')
26 
27 # 变换HSV空间
28 img_HSV = cv2.cvtColor(img, cv2.COLOR_BGR2HSV)
29 plt.subplot(3, 3, 4)
30 plt.imshow(img_HSV)
31 plt.axis('off')
32 plt.title('HSV')
33 
34 # 变换YCrCb空间
35 img_YcrCb = cv2.cvtColor(img, cv2.COLOR_BGR2YCrCb)
36 plt.subplot(3, 3, 5)
37 plt.imshow(img_YcrCb)
38 plt.axis('off')
39 plt.title('YcrCb')
40 
41 # 变换HLS空间
42 img_HLS = cv2.cvtColor(img, cv2.COLOR_BGR2HLS)
43 plt.subplot(3, 3, 6)
44 plt.imshow(img_HLS)
45 plt.axis('off')
46 plt.title('HLS')
47 
48 # 变换XYZ空间
49 img_XYZ = cv2.cvtColor(img, cv2.COLOR_BGR2XYZ)
50 plt.subplot(3, 3, 7)
51 plt.imshow(img_XYZ)
52 plt.axis('off')
53 plt.title('XYZ')
54 
55 # 变换LAB空间
56 img_LAB = cv2.cvtColor(img, cv2.COLOR_BGR2LAB)
57 plt.subplot(3, 3, 8)
58 plt.imshow(img_LAB)
59 plt.axis('off')
60 plt.title('LAB')
61 
62 # 变换YUV空间
63 img_YUV = cv2.cvtColor(img, cv2.COLOR_BGR2YUV)
64 plt.subplot(3, 3, 9)
65 plt.imshow(img_YUV)
66 plt.axis('off')
67 plt.title('YUV')
68 plt.show()

 (2)

 1 import cv2
 2 
 3 img     = cv2.imread('car.png')
 4 
 5 img_BGR = cv2.cvtColor(img,cv2.COLOR_BGR2RGB)
 6 img_HSV = cv2.cvtColor(img,cv2.COLOR_BGR2HSV)
 7 
 8 cv2.imshow('origin_img',img)
 9 cv2.imshow('BGR_img',img_BGR)
10 cv2.imshow('HSV_img',img_HSV)
11 
12 cv2.waitKey(0)
13 cv2.destroyAllWindows()

 

posted @ 2023-12-01 15:56  taohuaxiaochunfeng  阅读(50)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报