DRF频率
# 全局使用 限制未登录用户一分钟访问5次 REST_FRAMEWORK = { 'DEFAULT_THROTTLE_CLASSES': ( 'rest_framework.throttling.AnonRateThrottle', ), 'DEFAULT_THROTTLE_RATES': { 'anon': '5/m', } } ##################### views.py from rest_framework.throttling import BaseThrottle from rest_framework.permissions import IsAdminUser from rest_framework.authentication import SessionAuthentication, BasicAuthentication class TestView4(APIView): authentication_classes = [] permission_classes = [] def get(self, request, *args, **kwargs): return Response("我是未登录用户") # 局部使用 from rest_framework.throttling import BaseThrottle from rest_framework.permissions import IsAdminUser from rest_framework.authentication import SessionAuthentication, BasicAuthentication from rest_framework.throttling import AnonRateThrottle class TestView5(APIView): authentication_classes = [] permission_classes = [] throttle_classes = [AnonRateThrottle] def get(self, request, *args, **kwargs): return Response("我是未登录用户 TestView5")
# 需求:未登录用户一分钟访问5次 登录用户一分钟访问10次 # setting中 'DEFAULT_THROTTLE_CLASSES': ( 'rest_framework.throttling.AnonRateThrottle', 'rest_framework.throttling.UserRateThrottle' ), 'DEFAULT_THROTTLE_RATES': { 'user': '10/m', 'anon': '5/m', } # 局部配置: 在视图类中配一个就行
自定制频率
# 自定制频率类,需要写两个方法 -判断是否限次:没有限次可以请求True,限次了不可以请求False def allow_request(self, request, view) -限次后调用,显示还需要等待多长时间才能访问,返回等待的时间seconds数字 def wait(self):
# 自定制的频率限制类 from rest_framework.throttling import BaseThrottle # 问?需不需要继承BaseThrottle? 可以不继承 鸭子类型 import time class IPThrottle(): # 定义成类属性 VISIT_DIC = {} def __init__(self): self.history_list = [] def allow_request(self, request, view): """ #(1)取出访问者ip #(2)判断当前ip不在访问字典里,添加进去,并且直接返回True,表示第一次访问,在字典里,继续往下走 #(3)循环判断当前ip的列表,有值,并且当前时间减去列表的最后一个时间大于60s,把这种数据pop掉,这样列表中只有60s以内的访问时间, #(4)判断,当列表小于3,说明一分钟以内访问不足三次,把当前时间插入到列表第一个位置,返回True,顺利通过 #(5)当大于等于3,说明一分钟内访问超过三次,返回False验证失败 :param request: :param view: :return: """ ip = request.META.get('REMOTE_ADDR') ctime = time.time() if ip not in self.VISIT_DIC: self.VISIT_DIC[ip] = [ctime, ] return True self.history_list = self.VISIT_DIC[ip] # 当前访问者时间列表拿出来 while True: if ctime - self.history_list[-1] > 60: self.history_list.pop() # 把最后一个移除 else: break if len(self.history_list) < 3: self.history_list.insert(0, ctime) return True else: return False def wait(self): # 当前时间,减去列表中最后一个时间 ctime = time.time() return 60-(ctime-self.history_list[-1])
def allow_request(self, request, view): """ Implement the check to see if the request should be throttled. On success calls `throttle_success`. On failure calls `throttle_failure`. """ if self.rate is None: return True # 当前登录用户的ip地址 self.key = self.get_cache_key(request, view) # key: 'throttle_user_1' if self.key is None: return True # django缓存 # 1)导包:from django.core.cache import cache # 2)添加缓存:cache.set(key, value, exp) # 3)获取缓存:cache.get(key, default_value) # 初次访问缓存为空,self.history为[],是存放时间的列表 self.history = self.cache.get(self.key, []) # 获取一下当前的时间,存放到 self.now self.now = self.timer() # Drop any requests from the history which have now passed the # throttle duration # 当前访问与第一次访问时间间隔如果大于60s,第一次记录清除,不再算作一次计数 # 10 20 30 40 while self.history and self.history[-1] <= self.now - self.duration: self.history.pop() # history的长度与限制次数3进行比较 # history的长度第一次访问0 第二次访问1 第三次访问2 第四次访问3失败 if len(self.history) >= self.num_requests: # 直接返回False,代表频率限制了 return self.throttle_failure() # history的长度未达到限制次数3,代表可以访问 # 将当前时间插入到history列表的开头,将history列表作为数据存到缓存中,key是throttle_user_1,过期时间60s return self.throttle_success() def parse_rate(self, rate): """ Given the request rate string, return a two tuple of: <allowed number of requests>, <period of time in seconds> """ if rate is None: return (None, None) # 3 m num, period = rate.split('/') # rate: '3/min' num_requests = int(num) duration = {'s': 1, 'm': 60, 'h': 3600, 'd': 86400}[period[0]] # 取字符串第一个字符 m return (num_requests, duration) def get_rate(self): """ Determine the string representation of the allowed request rate. """ if not getattr(self, 'scope', None): msg = ("You must set either `.scope` or `.rate` for '%s' throttle" % self.__class__.__name__) raise ImproperlyConfigured(msg) try: return self.THROTTLE_RATES[self.scope] # scope: 'user'--->'3/min' except KeyError: msg = "No default throttle rate set for '%s' scope" % self.scope raise ImproperlyConfigured(msg)