.NET 个人博客-发送邮件优化🧐
个人博客-发送邮件优化🧐
前言
之前的发送邮件就弄了个方法，比如回复评论会给评论的人发送邮件，留言回复也是，而且2者的代码有很多一样的地方，比较冗余。然后也是抽空优化一下，思路也是比较常用的工厂＋策略模式，然后评论回复和留言回复的模板是不一样的，所以需要创建模板类和方法。。。
内容比较多，可以自己创建个小项目试试~
模板创建
⌨先把模板给定义好
定义EmailContent类
主要是用传入发送邮件的内容，Content参数为必须，其他的可以根据自己的需求进行更改。
public class EmailContent
{
public string Content { get; set; }
public string? Link { get; set; }
}
public class EmailContent<T>
{
public string Content { get; set; }
public string Link { get; set; }
public T Data { get; set; }
}
首先创建一个基类定义邮件内容生成的方法：
EmailTemplate：基本模板类SEmailTemplate：泛型模板类
public abstract class EmailTemplateBase
{
protected abstract string GetStyle();
}
public abstract class EmailTemplate:EmailTemplateBase
{
public string GenerateContent(EmailContent emailContent)
{
return $"<html>\n<head>\n<style>{GetStyle()}</style>\n</head>\n<body>\n{GetBodyContent(emailContent)}\n</body>\n</html>";
}
protected abstract string GetBodyContent(EmailContent emailContent);
}
public abstract class SEmailTemplate<T>:EmailTemplateBase
{
public string GenerateContent(EmailContent<T> emailContent)
{
return $"<html>\n<head>\n{GetStyle()}\n</head>\n<body>\n{GetBodyContent(emailContent)}\n</body>\n</html>";
}
protected abstract string GetBodyContent(EmailContent<T> emailContent);
}
然后为每一种邮件内容创建一个子类:
情况一：简单情况
只发送简单的邮件内容，不包含对象等复杂内容。
GetStyle里面写样式就行GetBodyContent里面写内容
public class MessageBoardNotificationEmailTemplate:EmailTemplate
{
protected override string GetStyle()
{
return @"
/* 添加样式 */
body {
font-family: Arial, sans-serif;
font-size: 14px;
line-height: 1.5;
color: #333;
}
.box {
background-color:#90F8FF ;
border-radius: 5px;
padding: 20px;
}
h1 {
font-size: 24px;
font-weight: bold;
margin-bottom: 20px;
color: #333;
}
p {
margin-bottom: 10px;
color: #333;
}
a {
color: #333;
}";
}
protected override string GetBodyContent(EmailContent emailContent)
{
return $@"
<div class='box'>
<h1>ZY知识库</h1>
<h3>留言板通知</h3>
<p>内容如下：{emailContent.Content}</p>
<p>点击跳转：<a href='https://pljzy.top/MsgBoard?page=1'>留言板地址</a></p>
</div>";
}
}
情况二：复杂情况
GetStyle同上GetBodyContent里面参数为泛型参数EmailContent<LinkExchange>，这样在发送邮件时就能发送对象信息
public class LinksNotificationEmailTemplate:SEmailTemplate<LinkExchange>
{
protected override string GetStyle()
{
return "";
}
protected override string GetBodyContent(EmailContent<LinkExchange> emailContent)
{
const string blogLink = "<a href=\"https://pljzy.top\">ZY知识库</a>";
var sb = new StringBuilder();
sb.AppendLine($"<p>{emailContent.Content}</p>");
sb.AppendLine($"<br>");
sb.AppendLine($"<p>以下是您申请的友链信息：</p>");
sb.AppendLine($"<p>网站名称：{emailContent.Data.Name}</p>");
sb.AppendLine($"<p>介绍：{emailContent.Data.Description}</p>");
sb.AppendLine($"<p>网址：{emailContent.Data.Url}</p>");
sb.AppendLine($"<p>站长：{emailContent.Data.WebMaster}</p>");
sb.AppendLine($"<p>补充信息：{emailContent.Data.Reason}</p>");
sb.AppendLine($"<br>");
sb.AppendLine($"<br>");
sb.AppendLine($"<br>");
sb.AppendLine($"<p>本消息由 {blogLink} 自动发送，无需回复。</p>");
return sb.ToString();
}
}
发送邮件服务
首先，创建一个接口定义邮件发送服务
public interface IEmailService
{
Task SendEmail(string recipient, EmailTemplate template, EmailContent emailContent);
Task SendEmail<T>(string recipient, SEmailTemplate<T> template, EmailContent<T> emailContent);
}
然后创建实现类MimeKitEmailService ，这里用的是MimeKit库生成邮件内容
public class MimeKitEmailService : IEmailService
{
private readonly SmtpClient client;
public MimeKitEmailService(SmtpClient client)
{
this.client = client;
}
public async Task SendEmail(string recipient, EmailTemplate template, EmailContent emailContent)
{
var message = CreateEmailMessage(recipient, template.GenerateContent(emailContent));
await SendAsync(message);
}
public async Task SendEmail<T>(string recipient, SEmailTemplate<T> template, EmailContent<T> emailContent)
{
var message = CreateEmailMessage(recipient, template.GenerateContent(emailContent));
await SendAsync(message);
}
private MimeMessage CreateEmailMessage(string recipient, string content)
{
var message = new MimeMessage();
message.From.Add(new MailboxAddress("ZY", "zy1767992919@163.com"));
message.To.Add(new MailboxAddress("", recipient));
message.Subject = "来自ZY知识库通知~";
message.Body = new TextPart("html")
{
Text = content
};
return message;
}
private async Task SendAsync(MimeMessage message)
{
await client.SendAsync(message);
await client.DisconnectAsync(true);
}
}
创建工厂类
配置
将邮箱信息存放在appsettings.json文件中方便统一管理
{
"Email": {
"Address": "你的邮箱",
"Password": "授权码"
}
}
然后创建一个类对应上述参数
public class EmailConfig
{
public string Address { get; set; }
public string Password { get; set; }
}
在Program.cs文件中绑定EmailConfig类，添加到容器中
builder.Services.Configure<EmailConfig>(builder.Configuration.GetSection("Email"));
工厂类
创建EmailServiceFactory工厂类用于实例化EmailService
- 网易：smtp.163.com
- QQ：smtp.qq.com
在EmailServiceFactory类中注入IOptions<EmailConfig>来邮箱信息配置
public class EmailServiceFactory
{
private readonly EmailConfig emailConfig;
public EmailServiceFactory(IOptions<EmailConfig> emailConfigOptions)
{
emailConfig = emailConfigOptions.Value;
}
public async Task<IEmailService> CreateEmailService()
{
var client = new SmtpClient();
// configure the client
await client.ConnectAsync("smtp.163.com", 465, true);
await client.AuthenticateAsync(emailConfig.Address, emailConfig.Password);
return new MimeKitEmailService(client);
}
}
注册EmailServiceFactory服务
builder.Services.AddTransient<EmailServiceFactory>();
发送邮件
声明
IEmailService和EmailServiceFactory变量，然后使用emailServiceFactory的CreateEmailService方法异步创建一个IEmailService对象用于创建邮箱通信，并将其赋给emailService变量，然后new一个模板对象，最后调用emailService的SendEmail方法发送邮件
private IEmailService emailService;
private readonly EmailServiceFactory _emailServiceFactory;
public LinkExchangeService(MyDbContext myDbContext,
EmailServiceFactory emailServiceFactory)
{
_myDbContext = myDbContext;
_emailServiceFactory = emailServiceFactory;
}
public async Task SendEmailOnAdd(LinkExchange item)
{
//创建邮箱连接
emailService = await _emailServiceFactory.CreateEmailService();
//内容模板
var template = new LinksNotificationEmailTemplate();
//发送邮件
await emailService.SendEmail(item.Email, template,
new EmailContent<LinkExchange>()
{
Content = "您好，友链申请已通过！感谢支持，欢迎互访哦~",
Data = item
});
}
