ServeletContext对象的获取及其作用

官方对ServeletContext的解释是定义了一组可以使servelet和web容器通信的方法。

也就是servelet对象可以通过serveletcontext对象与web容器进行交互。

 

 

 

接下来讲解ServeletContext的获取及其作用

  • 获取:(两种方法)

    1. 通过request对象获取:request.getServletContext();
    2. 通过当前类获取:this.getServletContext();

注意:无论通过哪种方式我们获得的ServeletContext对象是同一个对象。

 

  • 作用:

    1. 获取文件对应的MIME类型
    2. 获取文件的真实路径(真实路径是部署在服务器上的文件路径,也就是真实访问的路径)
    3. 在整个web项目中共享数据

 

演示:

  1. 获取文件对应的MIME类型:

代码:

@WebServlet("/servlet01")
public class Servlet extends HttpServlet {
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        //获取ServeletContext对象
        ServletContext context = this.getServletContext();
        String s="a.txt";
        //获取对应的MIME类型
        String mimeType = context.getMimeType(s);
        System.out.println(mimeType);
    }

    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        doPost(request, response);
    }
}

 

结果:

 

 

 

    2.获取文件的真实路径(真实路径是部署在服务器上的文件路径,也就是真实访问的路径)

 

 

  • 首先我们先分别在src,web,WEB-INF下分别创建a.txt,b.txt,c.txt文件

 

 然后获得它们部署在服务器中的真实路径:

代码:

@WebServlet("/servlet01")
public class Servlet extends HttpServlet {
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        //获取ServeletContext对象
        ServletContext context = this.getServletContext();
    //获取b.txt文件的真实路径:
        String brealPath = context.getRealPath("/b.txt");
        System.out.println("b.txt的真实路径是:"+brealPath);
        //获取c.txt文件的真实路径:
        String crealPath = context.getRealPath("/WEB-INF/c.txt");
        System.out.println("c.txt的真实路径是:"+crealPath);
        //获取a.txt文件的真实路径:
        String arealPath = context.getRealPath("/WEB-INF/classes/a.txt");
        System.out.println("a.txt的真实路径是:"+arealPath);


    }

    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        doPost(request, response);
    }
}

 

 

结果:

 

 

 

注意:

src下的文件在项目中部署的真实路径在WEB-INF下的classes文件下(src相当于classes)

 

 

 

 

 

    3.在整个web项目中共享数据

ServeletContext对象的作用域是整个项目:

代码:

@WebServlet("/servlet01")
public class Servlet extends HttpServlet {
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        //获取ServeletContext对象
        ServletContext context = this.getServletContext();
        context.setAttribute("name", "zhangsan");


    }

    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        doPost(request, response);
    }
}

 

 

在资源类2中打开另一个浏览器模拟另一个用户获取:

@WebServlet("/servlet02")
public class Servlet02 extends HttpServlet {
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        String name = (String) request.getServletContext().getAttribute("name");//在另一个资源类中获取
        System.out.println(name);
    }

    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        doPost(request, response);
    }
}

 

 

结果:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 



  

posted @ 2020-09-15 10:34  Joker-0927  阅读(301)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报
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