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课堂作业五

 

/*
    main.c
    用PWM方波控制直流电机的速度。电机驱动接线及驱动逻辑控制参见"电机测试"例程。
    本例程通过主板上K1~K4独立按键,调节PWM占空比,从而调节左右电机转速。
*/

#include <reg52.h>
#include <PCF8591.h>

//定义I/O接口
sbit PWM_IN1 = P1^4;     // 高电平1:左电机后退(反转)
sbit PWM_IN2 = P1^5;     // 高电平1:左电机前进(正转)

sbit PWM_IN3 = P1^6;     // 高电平1:右电机前进(正转)    
sbit PWM_IN4 = P1^7;     // 高电平1:右电机后退(反转)

sbit PWM_EN1 = P1^2;     // 高电平1:使能左电机 
sbit PWM_EN2 = P1^3;     // 高电平1:使能右电机

//前进后退标志位
bit Direction; //为1代表前进,为0代表后退

//sbit KEY1 = P3^4;        //定义按键K1,左'+'按键(控制左电机加速),对应核心板上K1
//sbit KEY2 = P3^5;        //定义按键K2,左'-'按键(控制左电机减速),对应核心板上K2
//sbit KEY3 = P3^6;        //定义按键K3,右'+'按键(控制左电机加速),对应核心板上K3
//sbit KEY4 = P3^7;        //定义按键K4,右'+'按键(控制左电机减速),对应核心板上K4

//定义PWM最大级数,也就是调节直流电机的速度等级
#define SPEED_MAX        20
#define HIGH_SPD 10
#define MID_SPD 7
#define LOW_SPD 4

//定义PWM级数,分为0~SPEED_MAX-1级
unsigned char Speed_L;        //左电机转速调节(调节PWM的一个周期SPEED_MAX*1ms时间内,左电机正转时间:Speed_L*1ms)
unsigned char Speed_R;        //右电机转速调节(调节PWM的一个周期SPEED_MAX*1ms时间内,右电机正转时间:Speed_R*1ms)

//定义显示缓冲区(由定时中断程序自动扫描)
unsigned char DispBuf[8];

//智能小车数码管显示电路
sbit SS = P2^6;       //数码管段选信号
sbit CS = P2^7;       //数码管位选信号

code unsigned char Tab[] =        //共阴极数码管的段码(字形)表
    {//定义0123456789AbCdEF的数码管字型数据,其他显示字符需自行计算,如‘-’的字形数据为0x40
        0x3F,0x06,0x5B,0x4F,0x66,0x6D,0x7D,0x07,
        0x7F,0x6F,0x77,0x7C,0x39,0x5E,0x79,0x71,
    };
    
//计数相关标志位定义
unsigned char sec = 100;        //100ms计数
unsigned int counter_1ms = 0;    //1ms计数
bit Count_flag = 0; 
bit Judge_flag = 0; 

//unsigned char KeyScan();
void DispClear();
void DispInit();
void Delay(unsigned int t);
void SysInit();

void main()
{
    //unsigned char k;
    
    //关于ADC的定义和赋值
    unsigned char light,voltage;//定义中间变量
    unsigned char chl2,chl4;//定义中间变量
    unsigned char AD_CHANNEL = 0;
    RST_DS = 0;                                            //        关时钟DS1302
    I2C_Init();
    
    SysInit();

//    DispBuf[7] = 0x40;            //-
//    DispBuf[6] = Tab[Speed_R / 10];
//    DispBuf[5] = Tab[Speed_R % 10];
//    DispBuf[4] = 0x40;            //-
//    DispBuf[3] = 0x40;            //-
//    DispBuf[2] = Tab[Speed_L / 10];
//    DispBuf[1] = Tab[Speed_L % 10];
//    DispBuf[0] = 0x40;            //-
    //PWM_EN1 = 1;
    //PWM_EN2 = 1;            //电机有效
    
//注:AD/DA中的volt变量即代表AD转化后得到的值
//以下部分需要补充对应值以及判断条件
    while(1)
    {
        //此处为AD部分
        switch(AD_CHANNEL)
        {
            case 0: 
                PCF8591_SendByte(AddWr,1);
              light = PCF8591_RcvByte(AddWr);  //ADC0 模数转换1     J8上可接任意电阻元件
            break;  
            
            case 1: 
                PCF8591_SendByte(AddWr,2);
              chl2 =PCF8591_RcvByte(AddWr);  //ADC1  模数转换2
            break;  
            
            case 2: 
                PCF8591_SendByte(AddWr,3);
                voltage =PCF8591_RcvByte(AddWr);  //ADC2    模数转换3   可调电阻SW1
            break;  
            
            case 3: 
                PCF8591_SendByte(AddWr,0);
              chl4 =PCF8591_RcvByte(AddWr);  //ADC3   模数转换4     可调电阻SW2
            break;
            
            case 4: 
                Pcf8591_DaConversion(AddWr,0, voltage); //DAC      数模转换
            break;            
        }        
        if(++AD_CHANNEL > 4) AD_CHANNEL = 0;
        //AD部分结束
        
        if(light > 200) //此处是光敏传感器经过AD转换后得到的值,需要将其与自己设定的门限值作比较。此处为强光激活
        {
            PWM_EN1 = 1;
            PWM_EN2 = 1;
            Count_flag = 1;
            Judge_flag = 1;
            break;
        }    
        Delay(50);
    }

    //前2s,高速前进
    Direction = 1;
    Speed_L = HIGH_SPD;
    Speed_R = HIGH_SPD;
    while(1)
        if(sec <= 80) //2s后,中速前进2s
        {
            Speed_L = MID_SPD;
            Speed_R = MID_SPD;
            break;
        }
    while(1)
        if(sec <= 60) //2s后,低速前进2s
        {
            Speed_L = LOW_SPD;
            Speed_R = LOW_SPD;
            break;
        }
    while(1)
        if(sec <= 40) //2s后,停车2s
        {
            Speed_L = 0;
            Speed_R = 0;    //实际上二者取一即可
            break;
        }
    while(1)
        if(sec <= 20) //2s后,低速倒车2s
        {
            Direction = 0;
            Speed_L = MID_SPD;
            Speed_R = MID_SPD;
            break;
        }
    while(1)
        if(sec == 0) //倒车完成后,停车并停止计时
        {
            Count_flag = 0; 
            Judge_flag = 0;
            Speed_L = 0;
            Speed_R = 0;
            PWM_EN1 = 0;
            PWM_EN2 = 0;
            //break;    //此处不break,让程序空转,否则程序重启,计数复位
        }

    
/*
    while(1)
    {
        Delay(50);            //延时50ms
        k = KeyScan();        //键盘扫描
        if ( k != '\0' ) 
        {
            switch ( k )    //处理按键
            {
            case 'A':
                if ( Speed_L < SPEED_MAX-1 ) Speed_L ++;
                break;
            case 'B':
                if ( Speed_L > 0 ) Speed_L --;
                break;
            case 'C':
                if ( Speed_R < SPEED_MAX-1 ) Speed_R ++;
                break;
            case 'D':
                if ( Speed_R > 0 ) Speed_R --;
                break;
            default:
                break;
            }

            DispBuf[6] = Tab[Speed_L / 10];
            DispBuf[5] = Tab[Speed_L % 10];
            DispBuf[2] = Tab[Speed_R / 10];
            DispBuf[1] = Tab[Speed_R % 10];

            while( KeyScan() != '\0');        //等待松开按键
        }
    }
*/
}


/*
函数:KeyScan()
功能:键盘扫描
返回:扫描到的键值
*/
/*
unsigned char KeyScan()
{
    unsigned char k;

    k = '\0';
    if ( KEY1 == 0 ) k = 'A';        //k1 左'+'
    if ( KEY2 == 0 ) k = 'B';        //k2 左'-'
    if ( KEY3 == 0 ) k = 'C';        //k3 右'+'
    if ( KEY4 == 0 ) k = 'D';        //k4 右'-'

    return k;
}
*/

/*
函数:DispClear()
功能:清除数码管的所有显示
*/
void DispClear()
{
    unsigned char i;
    for ( i=0; i<8; i++ )
    {
        DispBuf[i] = 0x00;        //8位数码管显示全熄灭
    }
}

/*
函数:DispInit()
功能:数码管扫描显示初始化
*/
void DispInit()
{
    DispClear();    //初始为全灭
    EA = 0;
    TH1 = 0xFC;
    TL1 = 0x66;
    TR1 = 1;
    ET1 = 1;
    EA = 1;
}

/*
函数:Delay()
功能:延时
说明:
    晶振频率为11.0592MHz
    延时长度 = 1ms * t
*/
void Delay(unsigned int t)
{
    unsigned int us_ct;
    for (;t > 0;t --)        //执行代码消耗CPU时间
        for (us_ct = 113;us_ct > 0;us_ct --);    
}


/*
函数:SysInit()
功能:系统初始化
*/
void SysInit()
{
    TMOD = 0x11;        //设置T1为16位定时器

    PWM_EN1 = 0;
    PWM_EN2 = 0;        //电机无效
    PWM_IN1 = 0;
    PWM_IN2 = 0;         //左电机的停转
    PWM_IN3 = 0;
    PWM_IN4 = 0;        //右电机的停转

    Speed_L = 0;        //设置左电机PWM初值(初始转速)
    Speed_R = 0;        //设置右电机PWM初值

    DispInit();

}

/*
函数:T1_INT_SVC()
功能:定时器T1的中断服务函数,定时时间1ms
*/
void T1INTSVC() interrupt 3
{
    code unsigned char com[] = {0x80,0x40,0x20,0x10,0x08,0x04,0x02,0x01};    //显示位的端口控制字节
    static unsigned char n = 0;    //n: 扫描显示位计数,0-7
    static unsigned char t = 0;

    TR1 = 0;
    TH1 = 0xFC;                    //设置定时器初值0xfc66,对应1ms定时中断时间
    TL1 = 0x66;                    //
    TR1 = 1;

    P0 = 0xFF;                //消隐(通过控制8位数码管的位控制端,即COM端,让其全不亮)
    CS = 1;
    CS = 0;

    P0 = DispBuf[n];    //更新扫描显示数据
    SS = 1;
    SS = 0;

    P0 = ~com[n];            //重新显示
    CS = 1;
    CS = 0;

    n++;                         //指向下一位扫描显示
    n &= 0x07;
    
    if(Judge_flag == 1)
    {
        t++;
        if ( t >= SPEED_MAX ) 
            t = 0;                //PWM波的周期为:SPEED_MAX*1ms = 20ms
        if(PWM_EN1 || PWM_EN2)
        {
            if(Direction == 1)    //小车运动方向为前进
            {
                if ( t < Speed_L )        //PWM波高电平时间:(Speed_L)*1ms
                {
                    PWM_IN1 = 0;
                    PWM_IN2 = 1;         //左电机的正转
                }
                else                    //PWM波低电平时间:(SPEED_MAX-Speed_L)*1ms
                {
                    PWM_IN1 = 0;
                    PWM_IN2 = 0;         //左电机的停转
                }
                
                if ( t < Speed_R )        //PWM波高电平时间:Speed_R*1ms
                {
                    PWM_IN3 = 1;
                    PWM_IN4 = 0;        //右电机的正转        
                }
                else                    //PWM波低电平时间:(SPEED_MAX-Speed_R)*1ms
                {
                    PWM_IN3 = 0;
                    PWM_IN4 = 0;        //右电机的停转    
                }
            }
            else if(Direction == 0)    //小车运动方向为后退
            {
                if ( t < Speed_L )        //PWM波高电平时间:(Speed_L)*1ms
                {
                    PWM_IN1 = 1;
                    PWM_IN2 = 0;         //左电机的反转
                }
                else                    //PWM波低电平时间:(SPEED_MAX-Speed_L)*1ms
                {
                    PWM_IN1 = 0;
                    PWM_IN2 = 0;         //左电机的停转
                }
                
                if ( t < Speed_R )        //PWM波高电平时间:Speed_R*1ms
                {
                    PWM_IN3 = 0;
                    PWM_IN4 = 1;        //右电机的反转    
                }
                else                    //PWM波低电平时间:(SPEED_MAX-Speed_R)*1ms
                {
                    PWM_IN3 = 0;
                    PWM_IN4 = 0;        //右电机的停转    
                }
            }
        }
    }
    
    counter_1ms ++;    //1ms加1
        if(counter_1ms == 100)
        {
            counter_1ms = 0;            //0.1s到
            if(sec > 0 && Count_flag == 1) sec --;
            
            DispBuf[5] = Tab[sec % 10];            //查表取出显示数字对应的段码,存入显示缓冲器数组
            DispBuf[6] = Tab[sec / 10 % 10] | 0x80;     // "| 0x80"可以使该位带小数点显示
            DispBuf[7] = Tab[sec / 100];
            DispBuf[0] = Tab[Speed_L % 10];            //查表取出显示数字对应的段码,存入显示缓冲器数组
            DispBuf[1] = Tab[Speed_L / 10 % 10] ;     // "| 0x80"可以使该位带小数点显示            
            
        }
}

 

posted @ 2023-10-23 13:47  YuhangLiuCE  阅读(16)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报