树莓派 配置 OMV 5 搭建 NAS(一) 安装 OMV 5
前言
前文已经讲了 树莓派/Debian 挂载硬盘 ,本文就此前准备来讲如何在 树莓派4b 上安装 OpenMediaVault 5 (后简称 OMV 5)。
注意 :
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本文只适用于树莓派4b
因为 树莓派4b 是特例,到目前为止官方并没有提供可以直接安装在 树莓派4b 的系统镜像,而以前发布的版本对于 4b 这个新的型号也没有提供较好的支持。
官方提供了 amd64 的镜像版本,但该镜像并不支持树莓派: openmediavault.org 。
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本文预先应有:
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树莓派 Raspberry Pi 4b
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一台可用 PC
PC 上要安装:
WinSCP、SSH 工具(Putty、Win10的PowerShell等)
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准备
添加 hosts
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编辑 hosts 配置文件
sudo nano /etc/hosts
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在最后添加数据:
# GitHub Start 192.30.253.112 github.com 192.30.253.119 gist.github.com 151.101.100.133 assets-cdn.github.com 151.101.100.133 raw.githubusercontent.com 151.101.100.133 gist.githubusercontent.com 151.101.100.133 cloud.githubusercontent.com 151.101.100.133 camo.githubusercontent.com 151.101.100.133 avatars0.githubusercontent.com 151.101.100.133 avatars1.githubusercontent.com 151.101.100.133 avatars2.githubusercontent.com 151.101.100.133 avatars3.githubusercontent.com 151.101.100.133 avatars4.githubusercontent.com 151.101.100.133 avatars5.githubusercontent.com 151.101.100.133 avatars6.githubusercontent.com 151.101.100.133 avatars7.githubusercontent.com 151.101.100.133 avatars8.githubusercontent.com # GitHub End 151.101.0.133 raw.githubusercontent.com
更新国内镜像软件源
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更新软件源
sudo apt update sudo apt upgrade
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下载安装 vlc-bin
sudo apt-get install vlc-bin -y
安装 OMV 5
下载脚本并 root 权限执行
wget --no-check-certificate -O - https://github.com/OpenMediaVault-Plugin-Developers/installScript/raw/master/install | sudo bash
若上面的执行失败,可尝试另一脚本:
wget -O - https://github.com/OpenMediaVault-Plugin-Developers/installScript/raw/master/install | sudo bash
结果分析
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执行成功最好
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没有执行成功,可能性最大问题在于 网络环境问题 。
OMV 服务器在国外,而国内到目前为止还没有 OMV 的镜像或软件源。
执行大概率问题显示为:
Err:101 http://packages.openmediavault.org/public usul/main armhf libjs-extjs6 all 6.2.0.981-2 Could not connect to packages.openmediavault.org:80 (178.254.11.33), connection timed out [IP: 178.254.11.33 80] ...... E: Failed to fetch http://packages.openmediavault.org/public/pool/main/o/openmediavault/openmediavault_5.3.9-1_all.deb Unable to connect to packages.openmediavault.org:http: [IP: 178.254.11.33 80] E: Unable to fetch some archives, maybe run apt-get update or try with --fix-missing? failed to install openmediavault package.
我遇到的问题全文,可点击查看:
fail to install omv package
Err:101 http://packages.openmediavault.org/public usul/main armhf libjs-extjs6 all 6.2.0.981-2 Could not connect to packages.openmediavault.org:80 (178.254.11.33), connection timed out [IP: 178.254.11.33 80] Err:102 http://packages.openmediavault.org/public usul/main armhf php-pam armhf 1.0.3-1+deb10u1 Unable to connect to packages.openmediavault.org:http: [IP: 178.254.11.33 80] Err:103 http://packages.openmediavault.org/public usul/main armhf wsdd all 0.5-1 Unable to connect to packages.openmediavault.org:http: [IP: 178.254.11.33 80] Err:104 http://packages.openmediavault.org/public usul/main armhf salt-common all 2019.2.3+ds-1 Unable to connect to packages.openmediavault.org:http: [IP: 178.254.11.33 80] Err:105 http://packages.openmediavault.org/public usul/main armhf salt-minion all 2019.2.3+ds-1 Unable to connect to packages.openmediavault.org:http: [IP: 178.254.11.33 80] Err:106 http://packages.openmediavault.org/public usul/main armhf openmediavault all 5.3.9-1 Unable to connect to packages.openmediavault.org:http: [IP: 178.254.11.33 80] Fetched 24.4 MB in 8min 0s (50.8 kB/s) E: Failed to fetch http://packages.openmediavault.org/public/pool/main/libj/libjs-extjs6/libjs-extjs6_6.2.0.981-2_all.deb Could not connect to packages.openmediavault.org:80 (178.254.11.33), connection timed out [IP: 178.254.11.33 80] E: Failed to fetch http://packages.openmediavault.org/public/pool/main/p/php-pam/php-pam_1.0.3-1+deb10u1_armhf.deb Unable to connect to packages.openmediavault.org:http: [IP: 178.254.11.33 80] E: Failed to fetch http://packages.openmediavault.org/public/pool/main/w/wsdd/wsdd_0.5-1_all.deb Unable to connect to packages.openmediavault.org:http: [IP: 178.254.11.33 80] E: Failed to fetch http://packages.openmediavault.org/public/pool/main/s/salt/salt-common_2019.2.3+ds-1_all.deb Unable to connect to packages.openmediavault.org:http: [IP: 178.254.11.33 80] E: Failed to fetch http://packages.openmediavault.org/public/pool/main/s/salt/salt-minion_2019.2.3+ds-1_all.deb Unable to connect to packages.openmediavault.org:http: [IP: 178.254.11.33 80] E: Failed to fetch http://packages.openmediavault.org/public/pool/main/o/openmediavault/openmediavault_5.3.9-1_all.deb Unable to connect to packages.openmediavault.org:http: [IP: 178.254.11.33 80] E: Unable to fetch some archives, maybe run apt-get update or try with --fix-missing? failed to install openmediavault package.
对此问题如何解决,请看下一点。
解决 failed to install
主要问题
主要问题在于:
由于网络问题,这里有几个安装包没有下载成功:
具体如下:
Server.java
E: Failed to fetch http://packages.openmediavault.org/public/pool/main/libj/libjs-extjs6/libjs-extjs6_6.2.0.981-2_all.deb Could not connect to packages.openmediavault.org:80 (178.254.11.33), connection timed out [IP: 178.254.11.33 80]
E: Failed to fetch http://packages.openmediavault.org/public/pool/main/p/php-pam/php-pam_1.0.3-1+deb10u1_armhf.deb Unable to connect to packages.openmediavault.org:http: [IP: 178.254.11.33 80]
E: Failed to fetch http://packages.openmediavault.org/public/pool/main/w/wsdd/wsdd_0.5-1_all.deb Unable to connect to packages.openmediavault.org:http: [IP: 178.254.11.33 80]
E: Failed to fetch http://packages.openmediavault.org/public/pool/main/s/salt/salt-common_2019.2.3+ds-1_all.deb Unable to connect to packages.openmediavault.org:http: [IP: 178.254.11.33 80]
E: Failed to fetch http://packages.openmediavault.org/public/pool/main/o/openmediavault/openmediavault_5.3.9-1_all.deb Unable to connect to packages.openmediavault.org:http: [IP: 178.254.11.33 80]
下载软件包
复制这些链接到浏览器,回车下载。
如果由于响应超时等网络问题,宿主机也无法下载,可以通过上外网或下载我的安装包版本:
- 链接:https://pan.baidu.com/s/1NCXRc97LE6DMgT73XCnjwA
提取码:xj8y
下载完成后,通过 WinSCP 等软件传到树莓派的 /home/<用户名>
中去。
安装软件包
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进入你上传文件的文件目录
cd /home/<用户名>
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使用 dpkg -i 命令安装 libjs-extjs6
sudo dpkg -i libjs-extjs6_6.2.0.981-2_all.deb
如果出现以下错误:
dpkg: 依赖关系问题使得 libjs-extjs6 的配置工作不能继续: libjs-extjs6m 依赖于 libjs-extjs6-xxxxxx;然而: 未安装软件包 libjs-extjs6-xxxxxx。 dpkg: 处理软件包 libjs-extjs6 (--install)时出错: 依赖关系问题 - 仍未被配置 在处理时有错误发生: libjs-extjs6
请尝试以下方法
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1.请重试命令
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2.使用 apt install 命令下载清华源中的软件包
sudo apt install libjs-extjs6
再执行 dpkg -i 命令覆盖安装
sudo dpkg -i libjs-extjs6_6.2.0.981-2_all.deb
如果该过程中提示错误:
E: 有未能满足的依赖关系。请尝试不指明软件包的名字来运行“apt --fix-broken install”(也可以指定一个解决办法)。
按照提示输入指令,下载依赖:
apt --fix-broken install
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然后按照以下顺序安装软件包,过程同上,问题解决同上:
“libjs-extjs6 -> php-pam -> wsdd -> salt-common -> openmediavault”
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安装 openmediavault 正确的话,过程中会多次出现下图类似信息:
安装 OMV 成功后会提示:
Processing triggers for systemd (241-7~deb10u3+rpi1) ...Enable and start systemd-resolved ... Configure eth0 to use networkd ... Enable networkd ... It is recommended to reboot and then setup the network adapter in the openmediavault web interface.
完成测试
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将树莓派通过 网线 连接到路由器上。
注意:OMV 不支持 WIFI 传输,只可通过网线连接。
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通过路由器终端管理界面可以看到分配给树莓派的 IP 地址。
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在浏览器中输入树莓派 IP 地址,首次访问输入默认的账号密码:
账号:admin
密码:openmediavault
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访问 OMV 管理界面。