sql server查询表结构字段以及数据类型可用来写文档

#查询数据库中所有的表名字

select name
from DB2020..sysobjects
where XType = 'U'
orDER BY Name;


#查询所有表名以及表的注释

SELECT tbs.name 表名,ds.value 描述
FROM sys.extended_properties ds
LEFT JOIN DB2020..sysobjects tbs ON ds.major_id=tbs.id
WHERE  ds.minor_id=0 and
tbs.name in (select name
from DB2020..sysobjects
where XType = 'U'
)
orDER BY tbs.name
;


#查询指定表的字段以及字段定义

SELECT
    TableName=CASE WHEN C.column_id=1 THEN O.name ELSE N'' END,
    TableDesc=ISNULL(CASE WHEN C.column_id=1 THEN PTB.[value] END,N''),
    Column_id=C.column_id,
    ColumnName=C.name,
    PrimaryKey=ISNULL(IDX.PrimaryKey,N''),
    [IDENTITY]=CASE WHEN C.is_identity=1 THEN N'√'ELSE N'' END,
    Computed=CASE WHEN C.is_computed=1 THEN N'√'ELSE N'' END,
    Type=T.name,
    Length=C.max_length,
    Precision=C.precision,
    Scale=C.scale,
    NullAble=CASE WHEN C.is_nullable=1 THEN N'√'ELSE N'' END,
    [Default]=ISNULL(D.definition,N''),
    ColumnDesc=ISNULL(PFD.[value],N''),
    IndexName=ISNULL(IDX.IndexName,N''),
    IndexSort=ISNULL(IDX.Sort,N''),
    Create_Date=O.Create_Date,
    Modify_Date=O.Modify_date
FROM sys.columns C
INNER JOIN sys.objects O ON C.[object_id]=O.[object_id]
    AND O.type='U' AND O.is_ms_shipped=0
INNER JOIN sys.types T ON C.user_type_id=T.user_type_id
LEFT JOIN sys.default_constraints D ON C.[object_id]=D.parent_object_id
    AND C.column_id=D.parent_column_id AND C.default_object_id=D.[object_id]
LEFT JOIN sys.extended_properties PFD ON PFD.class=1
    AND C.[object_id]=PFD.major_id AND C.column_id=PFD.minor_id
-- AND PFD.name='Caption' -- 字段说明对应的描述名称(一个字段可以添加多个不同name的描述)
LEFT JOIN sys.extended_properties PTB ON PTB.class=1
    AND PTB.minor_id=0 AND C.[object_id]=PTB.major_id
-- AND PFD.name='Caption' -- 表说明对应的描述名称(一个表可以添加多个不同name的描述)
LEFT JOIN -- 索引及主键信息
    (
    SELECT
        IDXC.[object_id],
        IDXC.column_id,
        Sort=CASE INDEXKEY_PROPERTY(IDXC.[object_id],IDXC.index_id,IDXC.index_column_id,'IsDescending')
        WHEN 1 THEN 'DESC' WHEN 0 THEN 'ASC' ELSE '' END,
        PrimaryKey=CASE WHEN IDX.is_primary_key=1 THEN N'√'ELSE N'' END,
        IndexName=IDX.Name
    FROM sys.indexes IDX
    INNER JOIN sys.index_columns IDXC ON IDX.[object_id]=IDXC.[object_id]
        AND IDX.index_id=IDXC.index_id
    LEFT JOIN sys.key_constraints KC ON IDX.[object_id]=KC.[parent_object_id]
        AND IDX.index_id=KC.unique_index_id
    INNER JOIN -- 对于一个列包含多个索引的情况,只显示第1个索引信息
        (
            SELECT [object_id], Column_id, index_id=MIN(index_id)
            FROM sys.index_columns
            GROUP BY [object_id], Column_id
        ) IDXCUQ ON IDXC.[object_id]=IDXCUQ.[object_id]
            AND IDXC.Column_id=IDXCUQ.Column_id    AND IDXC.index_id=IDXCUQ.index_id
    ) IDX ON C.[object_id]=IDX.[object_id]
    AND C.column_id=IDX.column_id
    WHERE O.name=N'tablename' -- 如果只查询指定表,加上此条件
ORDER BY O.name,C.column_id;



#在上面的基础只查字段 注释 类型

SELECT
    TableName=CASE WHEN C.column_id=1 THEN O.name ELSE N'' END,
    TableDesc=ISNULL(CASE WHEN C.column_id=1 THEN PTB.[value] END,N''),
    ColumnName=C.name,
    ColumnDesc=ISNULL(PFD.[value],N''),
    Type=T.name
FROM sys.columns C
INNER JOIN sys.objects O ON C.[object_id]=O.[object_id]
    AND O.type='U' AND O.is_ms_shipped=0
INNER JOIN sys.types T ON C.user_type_id=T.user_type_id
LEFT JOIN sys.default_constraints D ON C.[object_id]=D.parent_object_id
    AND C.column_id=D.parent_column_id AND C.default_object_id=D.[object_id]
LEFT JOIN sys.extended_properties PFD ON PFD.class=1
    AND C.[object_id]=PFD.major_id AND C.column_id=PFD.minor_id
-- AND PFD.name='Caption' -- 字段说明对应的描述名称(一个字段可以添加多个不同name的描述)
LEFT JOIN sys.extended_properties PTB ON PTB.class=1
    AND PTB.minor_id=0 AND C.[object_id]=PTB.major_id
-- AND PFD.name='Caption' -- 表说明对应的描述名称(一个表可以添加多个不同name的描述)
LEFT JOIN -- 索引及主键信息
    (
    SELECT
        IDXC.[object_id],
        IDXC.column_id,
        Sort=CASE INDEXKEY_PROPERTY(IDXC.[object_id],IDXC.index_id,IDXC.index_column_id,'IsDescending')
        WHEN 1 THEN 'DESC' WHEN 0 THEN 'ASC' ELSE '' END,
        PrimaryKey=CASE WHEN IDX.is_primary_key=1 THEN N'√'ELSE N'' END,
        IndexName=IDX.Name
    FROM sys.indexes IDX
    INNER JOIN sys.index_columns IDXC ON IDX.[object_id]=IDXC.[object_id]
        AND IDX.index_id=IDXC.index_id
    LEFT JOIN sys.key_constraints KC ON IDX.[object_id]=KC.[parent_object_id]
        AND IDX.index_id=KC.unique_index_id
    INNER JOIN -- 对于一个列包含多个索引的情况,只显示第1个索引信息
        (
            SELECT [object_id], Column_id, index_id=MIN(index_id)
            FROM sys.index_columns
            GROUP BY [object_id], Column_id
        ) IDXCUQ ON IDXC.[object_id]=IDXCUQ.[object_id]
            AND IDXC.Column_id=IDXCUQ.Column_id    AND IDXC.index_id=IDXCUQ.index_id
    ) IDX ON C.[object_id]=IDX.[object_id]
    AND C.column_id=IDX.column_id
    WHERE O.name=N'tablename' -- 如果只查询指定表,加上此条件
ORDER BY O.name,C.column_id;