DBUtils

什么是DBUtils及作用

DBUtils是java编程中的数据库操作实用工具,小巧简单实用。

DBUtils封装了对JDBC的操作,简化了JDBC操作。可以少写代码。

1.对于数据表的读操作,他可以把结果转换成List,Array,Set等java集合,便于程序员操作;

2.对于数据表的写操作,也变得很简单(只需写sql语句)

3.可以使用数据源,使用JNDI,数据库连接池等技术来优化性能--重用已经构建好的数据库连接对象

DBUtils的三个核心对象

> QueryRunner类(提供了增删改查的方法)

 

QueryRunner中提供对sql语句操作的API.

 

它主要有三个方法

 

query() 用于执行select

 

update() 用于执行insert update delete

 

batch() 批处理

构造方法:

> new QueryRunner(); 

 

它的事务可以手动控制。

 

也就是说此对象调用的方法(如:query、update、batrch)参数中要有Connection对象。

> new QueryRunner(DataSource ds);

它的事务是自动控制的。一个sql一个事务。

 

此对象调用的方法(如:query、update、batrch)参数中无需Connection对象。

 

方法:

>ResultSetHandler接口(处理结果)

 

用于定义select操作后,怎样封装结果集.

ResultSetHandler下的所有结果处理器:

 

//ArrayHandler:适合取1条记录。把该条记录的每列值封装到一个数组中Object[]

//ArrayListHandler:适合取多条记录。把每条记录的每列值封装到一个数组中Object[],把数组封装到一个List中

//ColumnListHandler:取某一列的数据。封装到List中。

//KeyedHandler:取多条记录,每一条记录封装到一个Map中,再把这个Map封装到另外一个Map中,key为指定的字段值。

//MapHandler:适合取1条记录。把当前记录的列名和列值放到一个Map中

//MapListHandler:适合取多条记录。把每条记录封装到一个Map中,再把Map封装到List中

//ScalarHandler:适合取单行单列数据

BeanHandler

BeanListHandler 

> DBUtils类(关闭资源与事务的操作)

 

它就是一个工具类,定义了关闭资源与事务处理的方法

DBUtils快速入门

> 导入jar包               

> 创建QueryRunner对象

> 使用query方法执行select语句

> 使用ResultSetHandler封装结果集

> 使用DbUtils类释放资源

实现步骤:

创建数据库及表:
CREATE DATABASE day14;
USE day14;

create table account(
    id int primary key auto_increment,
    name varcar(50),
    money float
);

insert into account(name,money) values('aaa',1000);
insert into account(name,money) values('bbb',1000);
insert into account(name,money) values('ccc',1000);

SELECT * FROM account;
导入jar包:commons-dbutils-1.4.jar
注意:c3p0与mysql驱动jar也要导入

//创建QueryRunner对象

//使用query方法执行select语句

//使用ResultSetHandler封装结果集

//使用DbUtils类释放资源

C3P0Utils:

package com.itheima.util;

import java.beans.PropertyVetoException;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.sql.Statement;

import javax.sql.DataSource;

import com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource;

public class C3P0Util {
    //得到一个数据源
    private static DataSource dataSource = new ComboPooledDataSource();
    
    
    public static DataSource getDataSource() {
        return dataSource;
    }

    //从数据源中得到一个连接对象
    public static Connection getConnection(){
        try {
            return dataSource.getConnection();
        } catch (SQLException e) {
            throw new RuntimeException("服务器错误");
        }
    }
    
    public static void release(Connection conn,Statement stmt,ResultSet rs){
        //关闭资源
                if(rs!=null){
                    try {
                        rs.close();
                    } catch (Exception e) {
                        e.printStackTrace();
                    }
                    rs = null;
                }
                if(stmt!=null){
                    try {
                        stmt.close();
                    } catch (Exception e) {
                        e.printStackTrace();
                    }
                    stmt = null;
                }
                if(conn!=null){
                    try {
                        conn.close();//关闭
                    } catch (Exception e) {
                        e.printStackTrace();
                    }
                    conn = null;
                }
    }
    
}

 

 c3p0-config.xml:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<c3p0-config>
  <default-config>
    <property name="driverClass">com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</property>
    <property name="jdbcUrl">jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/day06</property>
    <property name="user">root</property>
    <property name="password">abc</property>
    <property name="initialPoolSize">10</property>
    <property name="maxIdleTime">30</property>
    <property name="maxPoolSize">100</property>
    <property name="minPoolSize">10</property>

  </default-config>

  

</c3p0-config>

User:

package com.itheima.entity;

import java.util.Date;

public class User {
    private int id;
    private String name;
    private String password;
    private String email;
    private Date birthday;
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
    public String getPassword() {
        return password;
    }
    public void setPassword(String password) {
        this.password = password;
    }
    public String getEmail() {
        return email;
    }
    public void setEmail(String email) {
        this.email = email;
    }
    public Date getBirthday() {
        return birthday;
    }
    public void setBirthday(Date birthday) {
        this.birthday = birthday;
    }
    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "User [id=" + id + ", name=" + name + ", password=" + password
                + ", email=" + email + ", birthday=" + birthday + "]";
    }
    
    

}
Test:
TestSelect:
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.PreparedStatement;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

import org.apache.commons.dbutils.QueryRunner;
import org.apache.commons.dbutils.ResultSetHandler;
import org.apache.commons.dbutils.handlers.BeanListHandler;
import org.junit.Test;

import com.itheima.entity.User;
import com.sun.org.apache.bcel.internal.generic.ARRAYLENGTH;

public class TestSelect {
    
    @Test
    public void testSelect() throws SQLException{
        //创建一个QueryRunner对象
        QueryRunner qr = new QueryRunner(C3P0Util.getDataSource());
        List<User> list = qr.query("select * from users", new ResultSetHandler<List<User>>(){
            //当query方法执行select语句后,将结果集以参数的形式传递过来
            public List<User> handle(ResultSet rs) throws SQLException {
                List<User> list  = new ArrayList<User>();
                while(rs.next()){
                    User u = new User();
                    u.setId(rs.getInt(1));
                    u.setName(rs.getString(2));
                    u.setPassword(rs.getString(3));
                    u.setEmail(rs.getString(4));
                    u.setBirthday(rs.getDate(5));
                    list.add(u);
                }
                return list;
            }
            
        });
        
        for (User user : list) {
            System.out.println(user);
        }
    }
    
    
    @Test
    public void testSelect2() throws SQLException{
        //创建一个QueryRunner对象
        QueryRunner qr = new QueryRunner(C3P0Util.getDataSource());
        //执行查询语句,并返回结果
        List<User> list = qr.query("select * from users where id=? and username=?", new BeanListHandler<User>(User.class),8,"jerry");
        //把结果集封装到了user中
        for (User user : list) {
            System.out.println(user);
        }
    }
}

TestCRUD:

import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.util.Date;

import org.apache.commons.dbutils.QueryRunner;
import org.junit.Test;

public class TestCRUD {
    @Test
    public void testInsert() throws SQLException{
        //创建一个QueryRunner对象
        QueryRunner qr = new QueryRunner(C3P0Util.getDataSource());
        //执行sql语句
        qr.update("insert into users(username,password,email,birthday) values(?,?,?,?)", "菜10","123","c10@163.com",new Date());
        
    }
    
    @Test
    public void testUpdate() throws SQLException{
        //创建一个QueryRunner对象
        QueryRunner qr = new QueryRunner(C3P0Util.getDataSource());
        qr.update("update users set username=?,password=? where id=?", "周杰杰","333",15);
    }
    
    
    @Test
    public void testDelete() throws SQLException{
        //创建一个QueryRunner对象
        QueryRunner qr = new QueryRunner(C3P0Util.getDataSource());
        qr.update("delete from users where id=?", 15);
    }
    
    @Test//批处理,只能执行相同的sql语句
    public void testBatch() throws SQLException{
        //创建一个QueryRunner对象
        QueryRunner qr = new QueryRunner(C3P0Util.getDataSource());
        
        Object[][] params = new Object[10][];//高维代表执行多少次sql语句
        for (int i = 0; i < params.length; i++) {
            params[i] = new Object[]{"菜10"+i,"123","c10@163.com",new Date()};//给每次执行的sql语句中的?赋值
        }
        qr.batch("insert into users(username,password,email,birthday) values(?,?,?,?)", params );
        
    }
}

TestResultSetHandler:

import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;

import org.apache.commons.dbutils.QueryRunner;
import org.apache.commons.dbutils.handlers.ArrayHandler;
import org.apache.commons.dbutils.handlers.ArrayListHandler;
import org.apache.commons.dbutils.handlers.BeanHandler;
import org.apache.commons.dbutils.handlers.BeanListHandler;
import org.apache.commons.dbutils.handlers.ColumnListHandler;
import org.apache.commons.dbutils.handlers.KeyedHandler;
import org.apache.commons.dbutils.handlers.MapHandler;
import org.apache.commons.dbutils.handlers.MapListHandler;
import org.apache.commons.dbutils.handlers.ScalarHandler;
import org.junit.Test;

import com.itheima.entity.User;

public class TestResultSetHandler {
    @Test//ArrayHandler:适合取1条记录。把该条记录的每列值封装到一个数组中Object[]
    public void tese1() throws SQLException{
        QueryRunner qr = new QueryRunner(C3P0Util.getDataSource());
        Object[] arr  = qr.query("select * from users", new ArrayHandler());
        
        for (Object o : arr) {
            System.out.println(o);
        }
    }
    
    @Test//ArrayListHandler:适合取多条记录。把每条记录的每列值封装到一个数组中Object[],把数组封装到一个List中
    public void tese2() throws SQLException{
        QueryRunner qr = new QueryRunner(C3P0Util.getDataSource());
        List<Object[]> query = qr.query("select * from users", new ArrayListHandler());
        
        for (Object[] os : query) {
            for (Object o : os) {
                System.out.println(o);
            }
            System.out.println("--------------");
        }
    }
    
    @Test //ColumnListHandler:取某一列的数据。封装到List中。
    public void tese3() throws SQLException{
        QueryRunner qr = new QueryRunner(C3P0Util.getDataSource());
        List<Object> list = qr.query("select username,password from users", new ColumnListHandler(1));
        
        for (Object o : list) {
            System.out.println(o);
        }
    }
    
    @Test //KeyedHandler:取多条记录,每一条记录封装到一个Map中,再把这个Map封装到另外一个Map中,key为指定的字段值。
    public void tese4() throws SQLException{
        QueryRunner qr = new QueryRunner(C3P0Util.getDataSource());
        //大Map的key是表中的某列数据,小Map中的key是表的列名,所以大Map的key是Object类型,小Map的key是String类型
        Map<Object,Map<String,Object>> map = qr.query("select * from users", new KeyedHandler(1));
        
        for (Map.Entry<Object, Map<String,Object>> m : map.entrySet()) {
            System.out.println(m.getKey());//大Map中key值就是id列的值
            for (Map.Entry<String, Object> mm : m.getValue().entrySet()) {
                System.out.println(mm.getKey()+"\t"+mm.getValue());//取出小Map中的列名和列值
            }
            System.out.println("---------------------");
        }
        
    }
    
    
    @Test//MapHandler:适合取1条记录。把当前记录的列名和列值放到一个Map中
    public void tese5() throws SQLException{
        QueryRunner qr = new QueryRunner(C3P0Util.getDataSource());
        Map<String,Object> map = qr.query("select * from users where id=?", new MapHandler(),20);
        
        for (Map.Entry<String, Object> m : map.entrySet()) {
            System.out.println(m.getKey()+"\t"+m.getValue());
        }
        
    }
    
    
    @Test//MapListHandler:适合取多条记录。把每条记录封装到一个Map中,再把Map封装到List中
    public void tese6() throws SQLException{
        QueryRunner qr = new QueryRunner(C3P0Util.getDataSource());
        List<Map<String,Object>> list = qr.query("select * from users", new MapListHandler());
        
        for (Map<String, Object> map : list) {
            for (Map.Entry<String, Object> m : map.entrySet()) {
                System.out.println(m.getKey()+"\t"+m.getValue());
            }
            System.out.println("---------------");
        }
    }
    
    @Test //ScalarHandler:适合取单行单列数据
    public void tese7() throws SQLException{
        QueryRunner qr = new QueryRunner(C3P0Util.getDataSource());
        Object o = qr.query("select count(*) from users", new ScalarHandler(1));
        System.out.println(o.getClass().getName());
    }
    
    @Test //BeanHandler:适合取单行单列数据
    public void tese8() throws SQLException{
        QueryRunner qr = new QueryRunner(C3P0Util.getDataSource());
        User user = qr.query("select * from users where id=?", new BeanHandler<User>(User.class),1);
        System.out.println(user);
    }
    
    
    @Test //BeanListHandler 
    public void tese9() throws SQLException{
        QueryRunner qr = new QueryRunner(C3P0Util.getDataSource());
        List<User> list = qr.query("select * from users where id=?", new BeanListHandler<User>(User.class),1);
        
        System.out.println(list.size());
    }
}

KeyedHandler:

 

 

转载自: https://blog.csdn.net/CSDN_GIA/article/details/54137732

 

posted @ 2018-04-02 15:22  cheney-yang  阅读(155)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报